{"id":"CVE-2023-52761","revision":null,"records":[{"revision":"ea3483ccb0f941a4a71dfae6f06e3566","observedAt":"2026-10-30T13:45:33.454+00:00","statement":{"source":"cve-program","id":"CVE-2023-52761","aliases":[],"title":"riscv: VMAP_STACK overflow detection thread-safe","description":"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nriscv: VMAP_STACK overflow detection thread-safe\n\ncommit 31da94c25aea (\"riscv: add VMAP_STACK overflow detection\") added\nsupport for CONFIG_VMAP_STACK. If overflow is detected, CPU switches to\n`shadow_stack` temporarily before switching finally to per-cpu\n`overflow_stack`.\n\nIf two CPUs/harts are racing and end up in over flowing kernel stack, one\nor both will end up corrupting each other state because `shadow_stack` is\nnot per-cpu. This patch optimizes per-cpu overflow stack switch by\ndirectly picking per-cpu `overflow_stack` and gets rid of `shadow_stack`.\n\nFollowing are the changes in this patch\n\n - Defines an asm macro to obtain per-cpu symbols in destination\n register.\n - In entry.S, when overflow is detected, per-cpu overflow stack is\n located using per-cpu asm macro. Computing per-cpu symbol requires\n a temporary register. x31 is saved away into CSR_SCRATCH\n (CSR_SCRATCH is anyways zero since we're in kernel).\n\nPlease see Links for additional relevant disccussion and alternative\nsolution.\n\nTested by `echo EXHAUST_STACK > /sys/kernel/debug/provoke-crash/DIRECT`\nKernel crash log below\n\n Insufficient stack space to handle exception!/debug/provoke-crash/DIRECT\n Task stack: [0xff20000010a98000..0xff20000010a9c000]\n Overflow stack: [0xff600001f7d98370..0xff600001f7d99370]\n CPU: 1 PID: 205 Comm: bash Not tainted 6.1.0-rc2-00001-g328a1f96f7b9 #34\n Hardware name: riscv-virtio,qemu (DT)\n epc : __memset+0x60/0xfc\n ra : recursive_loop+0x48/0xc6 [lkdtm]\n epc : ffffffff808de0e4 ra : ffffffff0163a752 sp : ff20000010a97e80\n gp : ffffffff815c0330 tp : ff600000820ea280 t0 : ff20000010a97e88\n t1 : 000000000000002e t2 : 3233206874706564 s0 : ff20000010a982b0\n s1 : 0000000000000012 a0 : ff20000010a97e88 a1 : 0000000000000000\n a2 : 0000000000000400 a3 : ff20000010a98288 a4 : 0000000000000000\n a5 : 0000000000000000 a6 : fffffffffffe43f0 a7 : 00007fffffffffff\n s2 : ff20000010a97e88 s3 : ffffffff01644680 s4 : ff20000010a9be90\n s5 : ff600000842ba6c0 s6 : 00aaaaaac29e42b0 s7 : 00fffffff0aa3684\n s8 : 00aaaaaac2978040 s9 : 0000000000000065 s10: 00ffffff8a7cad10\n s11: 00ffffff8a76a4e0 t3 : ffffffff815dbaf4 t4 : ffffffff815dbaf4\n t5 : ffffffff815dbab8 t6 : ff20000010a9bb48\n status: 0000000200000120 badaddr: ff20000010a97e88 cause: 000000000000000f\n Kernel panic - not syncing: Kernel stack overflow\n CPU: 1 PID: 205 Comm: bash Not tainted 6.1.0-rc2-00001-g328a1f96f7b9 #34\n Hardware name: riscv-virtio,qemu (DT)\n Call Trace:\n [] dump_backtrace+0x30/0x38\n [] show_stack+0x40/0x4c\n [] dump_stack_lvl+0x44/0x5c\n [] dump_stack+0x18/0x20\n [] panic+0x126/0x2fe\n [] walk_stackframe+0x0/0xf0\n [] recursive_loop+0x48/0xc6 [lkdtm]\n SMP: stopping secondary CPUs\n ---[ end Kernel panic - not syncing: Kernel stack overflow ]---","state":0,"publishedAt":"2024-05-21T15:30:47.086+00:00","modifiedAt":"2026-10-30T12:17:21.964+00:00","affected":[{"ecosystem":"Vendor product","name":"Linux","ranges":[],"versions":[],"rawVersionEvidence":"{\n \"product\": \"Linux\",\n \"vendor\": \"Linux\",\n \"defaultStatus\": \"unaffected\",\n \"repo\": \"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\n \"programFiles\": [\n \"arch/riscv/include/asm/asm-prototypes.h\",\n \"arch/riscv/include/asm/asm.h\",\n \"arch/riscv/include/asm/thread_info.h\",\n \"arch/riscv/kernel/asm-offsets.c\",\n \"arch/riscv/kernel/entry.S\",\n \"arch/riscv/kernel/traps.c\"\n ],\n \"versions\": [\n {\n \"version\": \"76d2a0493a17d4c8ecc781366850c3c4f8e1a446\",\n \"lessThan\": \"fbf55cd7d342507e8b029fab5e36033d81823845\",\n \"status\": \"affected\",\n \"versionType\": \"git\"\n },\n {\n \"version\": \"76d2a0493a17d4c8ecc781366850c3c4f8e1a446\",\n \"lessThan\": \"1493baaf09e3c1899959c8a107cd1207e16d1788\",\n \"status\": \"affected\",\n \"versionType\": \"git\"\n },\n {\n \"version\": \"76d2a0493a17d4c8ecc781366850c3c4f8e1a446\",\n \"lessThan\": \"eff53aea3855f71992c043cebb1c00988c17ee20\",\n \"status\": \"affected\",\n \"versionType\": \"git\"\n },\n {\n \"version\": \"76d2a0493a17d4c8ecc781366850c3c4f8e1a446\",\n \"lessThan\": \"be97d0db5f44c0674480cb79ac6f5b0529b84c76\",\n \"status\": \"affected\",\n \"versionType\": \"git\"\n }\n ]\n }"},{"ecosystem":"Vendor product","name":"Linux","ranges":[],"versions":[],"rawVersionEvidence":"{\n \"product\": \"Linux\",\n \"vendor\": \"Linux\",\n \"defaultStatus\": \"affected\",\n \"repo\": \"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\n \"programFiles\": [\n \"arch/riscv/include/asm/asm-prototypes.h\",\n \"arch/riscv/include/asm/asm.h\",\n \"arch/riscv/include/asm/thread_info.h\",\n \"arch/riscv/kernel/asm-offsets.c\",\n \"arch/riscv/kernel/entry.S\",\n \"arch/riscv/kernel/traps.c\"\n ],\n \"versions\": [\n {\n \"version\": \"4.15\",\n \"status\": \"affected\"\n },\n {\n \"version\": \"0\",\n \"lessThan\": \"4.15\",\n \"status\": \"unaffected\",\n \"versionType\": \"semver\"\n },\n {\n \"version\": \"6.1.191\",\n \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"6.1.*\",\n \"status\": \"unaffected\",\n \"versionType\": \"semver\"\n },\n {\n \"version\": \"6.5.13\",\n \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"6.5.*\",\n \"status\": \"unaffected\",\n \"versionType\": \"semver\"\n },\n {\n \"version\": \"6.6.3\",\n \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"6.6.*\",\n \"status\": \"unaffected\",\n \"versionType\": \"semver\"\n },\n {\n \"version\": \"6.7\",\n \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"*\",\n \"status\": \"unaffected\",\n \"versionType\": \"original_commit_for_fix\"\n }\n ]\n }"}],"metrics":[{"system":"CVSS 3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","score":7.8,"severity":"HIGH"}],"references":["https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fbf55cd7d342507e8b029fab5e36033d81823845","https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1493baaf09e3c1899959c8a107cd1207e16d1788","https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/eff53aea3855f71992c043cebb1c00988c17ee20","https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/be97d0db5f44c0674480cb79ac6f5b0529b84c76"],"sourceUrl":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-52761","license":"CVE Program Terms of Use","key":"cve-program:CVE-2023-52761","identifiers":["CVE-2023-52761"]},"retained":false,"historicalAffected":[]}],"coverage":[{"source":"cisa-kev:global","scope":"Complete CISA KEV catalog; all vendors. Missing entries do not establish absence of exploitation.","generation":"2026-11-06T23:27:16.6639299+00:00","complete":true,"records":1769,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-06T23:27:16.6639299+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-06T23:27:16.8857572+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-06T23:27:16.8857582+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":null,"importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null},{"source":"cve-program","scope":"Official CVE Program baseline and cumulative hourly delta; all vendors, published and rejected records","generation":"cve-e3f76855f3f449c8c0427e4ebd06d00838fa519af10fe158fc0ca4a62af0718a-340a45d9017d4f9de046b855ad9d1afbc5c699f0e6a7003981ff3a54ebedd5b3","complete":true,"records":420470,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-06T23:27:16.132734+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-06T23:27:15.9170833+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-06T23:27:16.132734+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":"2026-11-06T23:24:11+00:00","importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null},{"source":"euvd","scope":"Rolling EUVD lookups of CVE aliases in current public OSV archives; 500 identifiers per refresh, rechecked after 48 hours. Not a global EUVD catalog. Successful not-found lookups count as checked; they do not imply withdrawal or safety. No reader inventory is sent.","generation":"enrichment-d5642b79a2ae4ddba3d9992d8d57acd8","complete":true,"records":13623,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-06T23:29:11.0866492+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-06T23:29:11.082+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-06T23:29:11.082+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":null,"importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":13685,"expectedIdentifiers":13685,"failedIdentifiers":0},{"source":"first-epss:nuget","scope":"FIRST EPSS for explicit CVE aliases in the collected public NuGet archive. Not a global EPSS backfill.","generation":"2026-11-06T23:27:16.6639299+00:00","complete":true,"records":1096,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-06T23:27:16.6639299+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-06T23:27:20.1048264+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-06T23:27:20.1048275+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":null,"importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null},{"source":"nvd","scope":"Rolling NVD lookups of CVE aliases in current public OSV archives; 500 identifiers per refresh, rechecked after 48 hours. Not a global NVD catalog. Successful not-found lookups count as checked; they do not imply withdrawal or safety. No reader inventory is sent.","generation":"enrichment-013f7e1725c9415dae3f455b96469e5b","complete":true,"records":13645,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-06T23:27:20.7173392+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-06T23:04:52.129+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-06T23:04:52.129+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":null,"importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":13685,"expectedIdentifiers":13685,"failedIdentifiers":0},{"source":"osv:Go","scope":"Complete OSV Go ecosystem archive, including withdrawn and malicious-package source records; statement counts are not unique CVE counts","generation":"go-0eb4d6dde62dffacd040ad992d4fd5a65cd7d0dc5f5f4cfa8b41967fc6f9ca5f","complete":true,"records":9914,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-06T23:27:16.5541579+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-06T20:10:36.6450506+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-06T23:27:16.5541579+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":"2026-11-06T20:02:57+00:00","importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null},{"source":"osv:NuGet","scope":"Complete OSV NuGet ecosystem archive, including GitHub Advisory Database records; NuGet version matching only","generation":"nuget-fde804134ecdda0ddd5ff5c26ee1fff5a6fa659311f7ef2e51c6ad54964db0e2","complete":true,"records":1971,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-06T23:27:16.3219463+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-06T19:03:17.0399903+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-06T23:27:16.3219463+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":"2026-11-06T18:17:57+00:00","importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null},{"source":"osv:crates.io","scope":"Complete OSV crates.io ecosystem archive, including withdrawn and malicious-package source records; statement counts are not unique CVE counts","generation":"crates.io-335633e78a15c9cde10a6025895b5617717087fb945489ae7e15d377bacf34a9","complete":true,"records":3055,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-06T23:27:16.5695788+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-06T16:03:00.7615789+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-06T23:27:16.5695788+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":"2026-11-06T16:02:48+00:00","importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null},{"source":"osv:npm","scope":"Complete OSV npm ecosystem archive, including withdrawn and malicious-package source records; statement counts are not unique CVE counts","generation":"npm-8ed23527317690903360c28c8fc7d29caed4a89d648731bf0cfe3e05f1ef5e65","complete":true,"records":231291,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-06T23:27:16.4450624+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-06T23:04:49.1141425+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-06T23:27:16.4450624+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":"2026-11-06T22:32:51+00:00","importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null}]}