{"id":"CVE-2025-39866","revision":null,"records":[{"revision":"ae77d0ad2b454a45a93b6a27cfacf5fe","observedAt":"2026-10-23T15:48:27.903+00:00","statement":{"source":"cve-program","id":"CVE-2025-39866","aliases":[],"title":"fs: writeback: fix use-after-free in __mark_inode_dirty()","description":"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nfs: writeback: fix use-after-free in __mark_inode_dirty()\n\nAn use-after-free issue occurred when __mark_inode_dirty() get the\nbdi_writeback that was in the progress of switching.\n\nCPU: 1 PID: 562 Comm: systemd-random- Not tainted 6.6.56-gb4403bd46a8e #1\n......\npstate: 60400005 (nZCv daif +PAN -UAO -TCO -DIT -SSBS BTYPE=--)\npc : __mark_inode_dirty+0x124/0x418\nlr : __mark_inode_dirty+0x118/0x418\nsp : ffffffc08c9dbbc0\n........\nCall trace:\n __mark_inode_dirty+0x124/0x418\n generic_update_time+0x4c/0x60\n file_modified+0xcc/0xd0\n ext4_buffered_write_iter+0x58/0x124\n ext4_file_write_iter+0x54/0x704\n vfs_write+0x1c0/0x308\n ksys_write+0x74/0x10c\n __arm64_sys_write+0x1c/0x28\n invoke_syscall+0x48/0x114\n el0_svc_common.constprop.0+0xc0/0xe0\n do_el0_svc+0x1c/0x28\n el0_svc+0x40/0xe4\n el0t_64_sync_handler+0x120/0x12c\n el0t_64_sync+0x194/0x198\n\nRoot cause is:\n\nsystemd-random-seed kworker\n----------------------------------------------------------------------\n___mark_inode_dirty inode_switch_wbs_work_fn\n\n spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);\n inode_attach_wb\n locked_inode_to_wb_and_lock_list\n get inode->i_wb\n spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);\n spin_lock(&wb->list_lock)\n spin_lock(&inode->i_lock)\n inode_io_list_move_locked\n spin_unlock(&wb->list_lock)\n spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock)\n spin_lock(&old_wb->list_lock)\n inode_do_switch_wbs\n spin_lock(&inode->i_lock)\n inode->i_wb = new_wb\n spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock)\n spin_unlock(&old_wb->list_lock)\n wb_put_many(old_wb, nr_switched)\n cgwb_release\n old wb released\n wb_wakeup_delayed() accesses wb,\n then trigger the use-after-free\n issue\n\nFix this race condition by holding inode spinlock until\nwb_wakeup_delayed() finished.","state":0,"publishedAt":"2025-09-19T15:26:35.725+00:00","modifiedAt":"2026-10-15T22:02:32.619+00:00","affected":[{"ecosystem":"Vendor product","name":"Linux","ranges":[],"versions":[],"rawVersionEvidence":"{\n \"product\": \"Linux\",\n \"vendor\": \"Linux\",\n \"defaultStatus\": \"unaffected\",\n \"repo\": \"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\n \"programFiles\": [\n \"fs/fs-writeback.c\"\n ],\n \"versions\": [\n {\n \"version\": \"0747259d13febfcc838980a63c414c9b920cea6f\",\n \"lessThan\": \"e2a14bbae5d8bacaa301362744a110e2be40a3a3\",\n \"status\": \"affected\",\n \"versionType\": \"git\"\n },\n {\n \"version\": \"0747259d13febfcc838980a63c414c9b920cea6f\",\n \"lessThan\": \"b187c976111960e6e54a6b1fff724f6e3d39406c\",\n \"status\": \"affected\",\n \"versionType\": \"git\"\n },\n {\n \"version\": \"0747259d13febfcc838980a63c414c9b920cea6f\",\n \"lessThan\": \"1edc2feb9c759a9883dfe81cb5ed231412d8b2e4\",\n \"status\": \"affected\",\n \"versionType\": \"git\"\n },\n {\n \"version\": \"0747259d13febfcc838980a63c414c9b920cea6f\",\n \"lessThan\": \"bf89b1f87c72df79cf76203f71fbf8349cd5c9de\",\n \"status\": \"affected\",\n \"versionType\": \"git\"\n },\n {\n \"version\": \"0747259d13febfcc838980a63c414c9b920cea6f\",\n \"lessThan\": \"e63052921f1b25a836feb1500b841bff7a4a0456\",\n \"status\": \"affected\",\n \"versionType\": \"git\"\n },\n {\n \"version\": \"0747259d13febfcc838980a63c414c9b920cea6f\",\n \"lessThan\": \"c8c14adf80bd1a6e4a1d7ee9c2a816881c26d17a\",\n \"status\": \"affected\",\n \"versionType\": \"git\"\n },\n {\n \"version\": \"0747259d13febfcc838980a63c414c9b920cea6f\",\n \"lessThan\": \"d02d2c98d25793902f65803ab853b592c7a96b29\",\n \"status\": \"affected\",\n \"versionType\": \"git\"\n }\n ]\n }"},{"ecosystem":"Vendor product","name":"Linux","ranges":[],"versions":[],"rawVersionEvidence":"{\n \"product\": \"Linux\",\n \"vendor\": \"Linux\",\n \"defaultStatus\": \"affected\",\n \"repo\": \"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\n \"programFiles\": [\n \"fs/fs-writeback.c\"\n ],\n \"versions\": [\n {\n \"version\": \"4.2\",\n \"status\": \"affected\"\n },\n {\n \"version\": \"0\",\n \"lessThan\": \"4.2\",\n \"status\": \"unaffected\",\n \"versionType\": \"semver\"\n },\n {\n \"version\": \"5.10.247\",\n \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"5.10.*\",\n \"status\": \"unaffected\",\n \"versionType\": \"semver\"\n },\n {\n \"version\": \"5.15.192\",\n \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"5.15.*\",\n \"status\": \"unaffected\",\n \"versionType\": \"semver\"\n },\n {\n \"version\": \"6.1.151\",\n \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"6.1.*\",\n \"status\": \"unaffected\",\n \"versionType\": \"semver\"\n },\n {\n \"version\": \"6.6.105\",\n \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"6.6.*\",\n \"status\": \"unaffected\",\n \"versionType\": \"semver\"\n },\n {\n \"version\": \"6.12.46\",\n \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"6.12.*\",\n \"status\": \"unaffected\",\n \"versionType\": \"semver\"\n },\n {\n \"version\": \"6.16.6\",\n \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"6.16.*\",\n \"status\": \"unaffected\",\n \"versionType\": \"semver\"\n },\n {\n \"version\": \"6.17\",\n \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"*\",\n \"status\": \"unaffected\",\n \"versionType\": \"original_commit_for_fix\"\n }\n ]\n }"}],"metrics":[{"system":"CVSS 3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","score":7.8,"severity":"HIGH"}],"references":["https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e2a14bbae5d8bacaa301362744a110e2be40a3a3","https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b187c976111960e6e54a6b1fff724f6e3d39406c","https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1edc2feb9c759a9883dfe81cb5ed231412d8b2e4","https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/bf89b1f87c72df79cf76203f71fbf8349cd5c9de","https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e63052921f1b25a836feb1500b841bff7a4a0456","https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c8c14adf80bd1a6e4a1d7ee9c2a816881c26d17a","https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d02d2c98d25793902f65803ab853b592c7a96b29"],"sourceUrl":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-39866","license":"CVE Program Terms of Use","key":"cve-program:CVE-2025-39866","identifiers":["CVE-2025-39866"]},"retained":false,"historicalAffected":[]}],"coverage":[{"source":"cisa-kev:global","scope":"Complete CISA KEV catalog; all vendors. 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