{"id":"CVE-2025-71097","revision":null,"records":[{"revision":"11e45ed3c392454f93d100a6bf190089","observedAt":"2026-10-23T15:48:27.903+00:00","statement":{"source":"cve-program","id":"CVE-2025-71097","aliases":[],"title":"ipv4: Fix reference count leak when using error routes with nexthop objects","description":"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nipv4: Fix reference count leak when using error routes with nexthop objects\n\nWhen a nexthop object is deleted, it is marked as dead and then\nfib_table_flush() is called to flush all the routes that are using the\ndead nexthop.\n\nThe current logic in fib_table_flush() is to only flush error routes\n(e.g., blackhole) when it is called as part of network namespace\ndismantle (i.e., with flush_all=true). Therefore, error routes are not\nflushed when their nexthop object is deleted:\n\n # ip link add name dummy1 up type dummy\n # ip nexthop add id 1 dev dummy1\n # ip route add 198.51.100.1/32 nhid 1\n # ip route add blackhole 198.51.100.2/32 nhid 1\n # ip nexthop del id 1\n # ip route show\n blackhole 198.51.100.2 nhid 1 dev dummy1\n\nAs such, they keep holding a reference on the nexthop object which in\nturn holds a reference on the nexthop device, resulting in a reference\ncount leak:\n\n # ip link del dev dummy1\n [ 70.516258] unregister_netdevice: waiting for dummy1 to become free. Usage count = 2\n\nFix by flushing error routes when their nexthop is marked as dead.\n\nIPv6 does not suffer from this problem.","state":0,"publishedAt":"2026-01-13T15:34:56.814+00:00","modifiedAt":"2026-10-19T18:15:12.771+00:00","affected":[{"ecosystem":"Vendor product","name":"Linux","ranges":[],"versions":[],"rawVersionEvidence":"{\n \"product\": \"Linux\",\n \"vendor\": \"Linux\",\n \"defaultStatus\": \"unaffected\",\n \"repo\": \"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\n \"programFiles\": [\n \"net/ipv4/fib_trie.c\"\n ],\n \"versions\": [\n {\n \"version\": \"493ced1ac47c48bb86d9d4e8e87df8592be85a0e\",\n \"lessThan\": \"5de7ad7e18356e39e8fbf7edd185a5faaf4f385a\",\n \"status\": \"affected\",\n \"versionType\": \"git\"\n },\n {\n \"version\": \"493ced1ac47c48bb86d9d4e8e87df8592be85a0e\",\n \"lessThan\": \"33ff5c207c873215e54e6176624ed57423cb7dea\",\n \"status\": \"affected\",\n \"versionType\": \"git\"\n },\n {\n \"version\": \"493ced1ac47c48bb86d9d4e8e87df8592be85a0e\",\n \"lessThan\": \"30386e090c49e803c0616a7147e43409c32a2b0e\",\n \"status\": \"affected\",\n \"versionType\": \"git\"\n },\n {\n \"version\": \"493ced1ac47c48bb86d9d4e8e87df8592be85a0e\",\n \"lessThan\": \"5979338c83012110ccd45cae6517591770bfe536\",\n \"status\": \"affected\",\n \"versionType\": \"git\"\n },\n {\n \"version\": \"493ced1ac47c48bb86d9d4e8e87df8592be85a0e\",\n \"lessThan\": \"ee4183501ea556dca31f5ffd8690aa9fd25b609f\",\n \"status\": \"affected\",\n \"versionType\": \"git\"\n },\n {\n \"version\": \"493ced1ac47c48bb86d9d4e8e87df8592be85a0e\",\n \"lessThan\": \"e3fc381320d04e4a74311e576a86cac49a16fc43\",\n \"status\": \"affected\",\n \"versionType\": \"git\"\n },\n {\n \"version\": \"493ced1ac47c48bb86d9d4e8e87df8592be85a0e\",\n \"lessThan\": \"ac782f4e3bfcde145b8a7f8af31d9422d94d172a\",\n \"status\": \"affected\",\n \"versionType\": \"git\"\n }\n ]\n }"},{"ecosystem":"Vendor product","name":"Linux","ranges":[],"versions":[],"rawVersionEvidence":"{\n \"product\": \"Linux\",\n \"vendor\": \"Linux\",\n \"defaultStatus\": \"affected\",\n \"repo\": \"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\n \"programFiles\": [\n \"net/ipv4/fib_trie.c\"\n ],\n \"versions\": [\n {\n \"version\": \"5.3\",\n \"status\": \"affected\"\n },\n {\n \"version\": \"0\",\n \"lessThan\": \"5.3\",\n \"status\": \"unaffected\",\n \"versionType\": \"semver\"\n },\n {\n \"version\": \"5.10.248\",\n \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"5.10.*\",\n \"status\": \"unaffected\",\n \"versionType\": \"semver\"\n },\n {\n \"version\": \"5.15.198\",\n \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"5.15.*\",\n \"status\": \"unaffected\",\n \"versionType\": \"semver\"\n },\n {\n \"version\": \"6.1.160\",\n \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"6.1.*\",\n \"status\": \"unaffected\",\n \"versionType\": \"semver\"\n },\n {\n \"version\": \"6.6.120\",\n \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"6.6.*\",\n \"status\": \"unaffected\",\n \"versionType\": \"semver\"\n },\n {\n \"version\": \"6.12.64\",\n \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"6.12.*\",\n \"status\": \"unaffected\",\n \"versionType\": \"semver\"\n },\n {\n \"version\": \"6.18.4\",\n \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"6.18.*\",\n \"status\": \"unaffected\",\n \"versionType\": \"semver\"\n },\n {\n \"version\": \"6.19\",\n \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"*\",\n \"status\": \"unaffected\",\n \"versionType\": \"original_commit_for_fix\"\n }\n ]\n }"}],"metrics":[],"references":["https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5de7ad7e18356e39e8fbf7edd185a5faaf4f385a","https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/33ff5c207c873215e54e6176624ed57423cb7dea","https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/30386e090c49e803c0616a7147e43409c32a2b0e","https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5979338c83012110ccd45cae6517591770bfe536","https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ee4183501ea556dca31f5ffd8690aa9fd25b609f","https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e3fc381320d04e4a74311e576a86cac49a16fc43","https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ac782f4e3bfcde145b8a7f8af31d9422d94d172a"],"sourceUrl":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-71097","license":"CVE Program Terms of Use","key":"cve-program:CVE-2025-71097","identifiers":["CVE-2025-71097"]},"retained":false,"historicalAffected":[]}],"coverage":[{"source":"cisa-kev:global","scope":"Complete CISA KEV catalog; all vendors. Missing entries do not establish absence of exploitation.","generation":"2026-11-08T22:02:16.0606753+00:00","complete":true,"records":1769,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-08T22:02:16.0606753+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-08T22:02:16.2994172+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-08T22:02:16.2994182+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":null,"importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null},{"source":"cve-program","scope":"Official CVE Program baseline and cumulative hourly delta; all vendors, published and rejected records","generation":"cve-eaa64dac63caa79c8d4905619258c41c51b39e461b996124e1a21b5e85e7e738-5c1b3bec2d88ca854826c6481a0dc8d7444a0d42f1465638fb0ec19ea1213afc","complete":true,"records":421267,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-08T22:02:15.5779251+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-08T22:02:15.4942534+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-08T22:02:15.5779251+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":"2026-11-08T21:27:04+00:00","importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null},{"source":"euvd","scope":"Rolling EUVD lookups of CVE aliases in current public OSV archives; 500 identifiers per refresh, rechecked after 48 hours. Not a global EUVD catalog. Successful not-found lookups count as checked; they do not imply withdrawal or safety. No reader inventory is sent.","generation":"enrichment-fd9e659eac384b31b6b54c14a478a6b6","complete":true,"records":13654,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-08T22:02:46.9922536+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-08T22:02:46.989+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-08T22:02:46.989+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":null,"importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":13706,"expectedIdentifiers":13706,"failedIdentifiers":0},{"source":"first-epss:nuget","scope":"FIRST EPSS for explicit CVE aliases in the collected public NuGet archive. Not a global EPSS backfill.","generation":"2026-11-08T22:02:16.0606753+00:00","complete":true,"records":1096,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-08T22:02:16.0606753+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-08T22:02:16.3005264+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-08T22:02:16.3005266+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":null,"importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null},{"source":"nvd","scope":"Rolling NVD lookups of CVE aliases in current public OSV archives; 500 identifiers per refresh, rechecked after 48 hours. Not a global NVD catalog. Successful not-found lookups count as checked; they do not imply withdrawal or safety. No reader inventory is sent.","generation":"enrichment-d44f9ddfc3b944cf9f918f0296ab9362","complete":true,"records":13666,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-08T22:02:41.4763214+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-08T22:02:41.472+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-08T22:02:41.472+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":null,"importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":13706,"expectedIdentifiers":13706,"failedIdentifiers":0},{"source":"osv:Go","scope":"Complete OSV Go ecosystem archive, including withdrawn and malicious-package source records; statement counts are not unique CVE counts","generation":"go-980593e6977a6d1b4fb1eed5a1ffe88a468736f89f0a06f710924ad59132c023","complete":true,"records":9914,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-08T22:02:15.9240904+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-08T11:07:07.068788+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-08T22:02:15.9240904+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":"2026-11-08T11:02:46+00:00","importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null},{"source":"osv:NuGet","scope":"Complete OSV NuGet ecosystem archive, including GitHub Advisory Database records; NuGet version matching only","generation":"nuget-fde804134ecdda0ddd5ff5c26ee1fff5a6fa659311f7ef2e51c6ad54964db0e2","complete":true,"records":1971,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-08T22:02:15.7236649+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-06T19:03:17.0399903+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-08T22:02:15.7236649+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":"2026-11-06T18:17:57+00:00","importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null},{"source":"osv:crates.io","scope":"Complete OSV crates.io ecosystem archive, including withdrawn and malicious-package source records; statement counts are not unique CVE counts","generation":"crates.io-964c14035e6f0f6478b2870fad6a7ef9f6045876d4a12af2c2e514521e54b6af","complete":true,"records":3055,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-08T22:02:16.0280445+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-08T11:07:12.1927025+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-08T22:02:16.0280445+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":"2026-11-08T11:02:46+00:00","importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null},{"source":"osv:npm","scope":"Complete OSV npm ecosystem archive, including withdrawn and malicious-package source records; statement counts are not unique CVE counts","generation":"npm-f8647d7ba64b1ba0dfdc7130944766d5b36d5b77d18fff0c79e651a4cff3c2b9","complete":true,"records":231293,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-08T22:02:15.8267172+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-08T11:06:56.2918717+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-08T22:02:15.8267172+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":"2026-11-08T11:02:50+00:00","importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null}]}