{"id":"CVE-2025-71408","revision":null,"records":[{"revision":"c5f1a0668d984a92aed019b97129e005","observedAt":"2026-10-23T15:48:27.903+00:00","statement":{"source":"cve-program","id":"CVE-2025-71408","aliases":[],"title":"NLTK < 3.9.3 Eval Injection via collocations.py Command-Line Arguments","description":"NLTK (Natural Language Toolkit) before version 3.9.3 contains an eval injection vulnerability in the nltk.collocations module that allows an attacker who controls command-line arguments to execute arbitrary Python code. When collocations.py is invoked directly, the __main__ block passes command-line arguments directly to eval() as suffixes of BigramAssocMeasures without allowlist validation or sanitization, enabling an attacker to supply a Python expression that escapes the intended attribute lookup and executes arbitrary code including OS commands via the os module.","state":0,"publishedAt":"2026-07-24T21:07:49.61+00:00","modifiedAt":"2026-10-08T15:21:35.203+00:00","affected":[{"ecosystem":"Vendor product","name":"ntlk","ranges":[],"versions":[],"rawVersionEvidence":"{\n                    \"defaultStatus\": \"affected\",\n                    \"vendor\": \"ntlk\",\n                    \"product\": \"ntlk\",\n                    \"packageURL\": \"pkg:pypi/nltk\",\n                    \"repo\": \"https://github.com/nltk/nltk\",\n                    \"versions\": [\n                        {\n                            \"status\": \"affected\",\n                            \"version\": \"0\",\n                            \"versionType\": \"semver\",\n                            \"lessThan\": \"3.9.3\"\n                        }\n                    ]\n                }"}],"metrics":[{"system":"CVSS 4.0","vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N","score":8.5,"severity":"HIGH"},{"system":"CVSS 3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","score":7.8,"severity":"HIGH"}],"references":["https://aydinnyunus.github.io/2026/06/07/command-injection-nltk-collocations-eval/","https://github.com/nltk/nltk/releases/tag/3.9.3","https://github.com/nltk/nltk/pull/3465","https://github.com/nltk/nltk/commit/66f14096d952ec8f04934f515e027534bd4eb0ac","https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/nltk-eval-injection-via-collocations-py-command-line-arguments"],"sourceUrl":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-71408","license":"CVE Program Terms of Use","key":"cve-program:CVE-2025-71408","identifiers":["CVE-2025-71408"]},"retained":false,"historicalAffected":[]}],"coverage":[{"source":"cisa-kev:global","scope":"Complete CISA KEV catalog; all vendors. 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