{"id":"CVE-2026-103651","revision":null,"records":[{"revision":"81408e8faae3468ca624685f25b49e1f","observedAt":"2026-10-23T15:48:27.903+00:00","statement":{"source":"cve-program","id":"CVE-2026-103651","aliases":[],"title":"MISP HOTP Token Replay via Stale Session-Cached Counter Allows Second-Factor Authentication Bypass","description":"MISP contains a vulnerability in its one-time password (OTP) authentication flow that allows replay of a consumed HOTP (paper) token and rewinding of the token counter.\n\nThe HOTP verification logic compared the submitted token against a counter value that was cached in the user's session at the time the password was entered, rather than against the authoritative counter stored in the database. Because the session-cached counter is not updated after a token is successfully consumed, an attacker who holds a valid session (password already submitted) can reuse a previously burned HOTP token. The stale cached counter still matches the replayed token, granting a second successful authentication and effectively rewinding the counter state.\n\nPreconditions:\n\n- The target user has HOTP (paper token) second-factor authentication enabled.\n\n- The attacker possesses a valid session in which the password step has already been completed (the OTP step is pending).\n\n- The attacker has access to at least one HOTP token value (e.g., a paper token list).\n\nSecurity impact:\n\n- Bypass of the second authentication factor, allowing unauthorized access to a user's MISP account.\n\n- Corruption of the HOTP counter state, potentially invalidating subsequent legitimate tokens or enabling further replays.\n\nAffected versions: <2.5.48.","state":0,"publishedAt":"2026-10-01T07:34:02.597+00:00","modifiedAt":"2026-10-01T15:32:08.372+00:00","affected":[{"ecosystem":"Vendor product","name":"MISP","ranges":[],"versions":[],"rawVersionEvidence":"{\n                    \"cpes\": [\n                        \"cpe:2.3:a:misp:misp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\"\n                    ],\n                    \"modules\": [\n                        \"app/Controller/UsersController.php\"\n                    ],\n                    \"product\": \"MISP\",\n                    \"programFiles\": [\n                        \"app/Controller/UsersController.php\"\n                    ],\n                    \"repo\": \"https://github.com/MISP/MISP\",\n                    \"vendor\": \"MISP\",\n                    \"versions\": [\n                        {\n                            \"lessThan\": \"2.5.48\",\n                            \"status\": \"affected\",\n                            \"version\": \"0\",\n                            \"versionType\": \"semver\"\n                        }\n                    ]\n                }"}],"metrics":[{"system":"CVSS 4.0","vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N","score":7.6,"severity":"HIGH"}],"references":["https://github.com/MISP/MISP/commit/f34aee2c7"],"sourceUrl":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-103651","license":"CVE Program Terms of Use","key":"cve-program:CVE-2026-103651","identifiers":["CVE-2026-103651"]},"retained":false,"historicalAffected":[]}],"coverage":[{"source":"cisa-kev:global","scope":"Complete CISA KEV catalog; all vendors. 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Not a global EUVD catalog. Successful not-found lookups count as checked; they do not imply withdrawal or safety. No reader inventory is sent.","generation":"enrichment-e879cc5fb76844c78c3f92ed84656b7a","complete":false,"records":13760,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-11T23:06:58.1195705+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-11T23:06:58.115+00:00","error":"420 identifier lookups failed; latest failures include AccessDenied (HTTP 403). Other identifiers were checked independently.","lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-11T23:06:58.115+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":null,"importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":13301,"expectedIdentifiers":13813,"failedIdentifiers":420},{"source":"first-epss:nuget","scope":"FIRST EPSS for explicit CVE aliases in the collected public NuGet archive. Not a global EPSS backfill.","generation":"2026-11-11T22:56:48.8843611+00:00","complete":true,"records":1097,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-11T22:56:48.8843611+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-11T22:56:49.0602607+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-11T22:56:49.0602611+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":null,"importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null},{"source":"nvd","scope":"Rolling NVD lookups of CVE aliases in current public OSV archives; 500 identifiers per refresh, rechecked after 48 hours. Not a global NVD catalog. Successful not-found lookups count as checked; they do not imply withdrawal or safety. No reader inventory is sent.","generation":"enrichment-b9dd8b3871d74cf586e393481617016c","complete":true,"records":13758,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-11T22:57:14.2746089+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-11T22:57:14.271+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-11T22:57:14.271+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":null,"importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":13813,"expectedIdentifiers":13813,"failedIdentifiers":0},{"source":"osv:Go","scope":"Complete OSV Go ecosystem archive, including withdrawn and malicious-package source records; statement counts are not unique CVE counts","generation":"go-3562b6c78fd1bd0f0b55daf66a0926ae24f65e462df7f6d928caad458fc696bf","complete":true,"records":9947,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-11T22:56:48.8324795+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-11T04:27:43.6877707+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-11T22:56:48.8324795+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":"2026-11-11T03:32:46+00:00","importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null},{"source":"osv:NuGet","scope":"Complete OSV NuGet ecosystem archive, including GitHub Advisory Database records; NuGet version matching only","generation":"nuget-456002455e0ab94bb92c95476d4e6d175c104cd594749982afd96c893728ecbc","complete":true,"records":2010,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-11T22:56:48.6203486+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-11T02:36:58.1276999+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-11T22:56:48.6203486+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":"2026-11-11T01:17:51+00:00","importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null},{"source":"osv:crates.io","scope":"Complete OSV crates.io ecosystem archive, including withdrawn and malicious-package source records; statement counts are not unique CVE counts","generation":"crates.io-baa8362b4daf9e5f39d5563775a55935e7b442c0735d33274a921579ce4a0d66","complete":true,"records":3093,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-11T22:56:48.8497934+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-11T13:00:02.5446881+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-11T22:56:48.8497934+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":"2026-11-11T12:47:47+00:00","importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null},{"source":"osv:npm","scope":"Complete OSV npm ecosystem archive, including withdrawn and malicious-package source records; statement counts are not unique CVE counts","generation":"npm-685fe7fb2b690656c910a1ea42a9d294e8353311ac8ecfa691a9b0ff1b328804","complete":true,"records":231695,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-11T22:56:48.732015+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-11T21:58:47.7265713+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-11T22:56:48.732015+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":"2026-11-11T21:48:35+00:00","importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null}]}