{"id":"CVE-2026-44459","revision":null,"records":[{"revision":"a687a2d0d0d54298bc9d93d8f0d5fedb","observedAt":"2026-10-23T15:48:27.903+00:00","statement":{"source":"cve-program","id":"CVE-2026-44459","aliases":[],"title":"Hono: Improper validation of NumericDate claims (exp, nbf, iat) in JWT verify()","description":"Hono is a Web application framework that provides support for any JavaScript runtime. Prior to 4.12.18, improper validation of the JWT NumericDate claims exp, nbf, and iat in hono/utils/jwt allows tokens with non-spec-compliant claim values to silently bypass time-based checks. This issue is not exploitable by an anonymous attacker; it only manifests when a malformed claim value reaches verify() — typically when the application itself issues such tokens, or when the signing key is otherwise under attacker control. 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This vulnerability is fixed in 4.12.18.","state":0,"publishedAt":null,"modifiedAt":null,"affected":[],"metrics":[{"system":"EUVD CVSS 3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N","score":3.8,"severity":null}],"references":["https://github.com/honojs/hono/security/advisories/GHSA-hm8q-7f3q-5f36"],"sourceUrl":"https://euvd.enisa.europa.eu/vulnerability/EUVD-2026-30038","license":"ENISA EUVD · source terms and attribution apply","enrichment":{"sourceStatus":null,"weaknesses":[],"productCriteria":[],"sourceDates":{"datePublished":"May 13, 2026, 3:02:23 PM","dateUpdated":"Jun 23, 2026, 3:52:56 PM"},"relatedAdvisories":[],"note":"EUVD source date text has no stated timezone and is retained without inventing a UTC instant. Related bulletin membership is not an alias, common cause or applicability claim. A missing vector with a zero score is treated as unrated. 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This vulnerability is fixed in 4.12.18.","state":0,"publishedAt":"2026-05-13T16:16:57.97+00:00","modifiedAt":"2026-10-26T14:10:00.13+00:00","affected":[],"metrics":[{"system":"CVSS 3.1 · security-advisories@github.com · Secondary","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N","score":3.8,"severity":"LOW"}],"references":["https://github.com/honojs/hono/security/advisories/GHSA-hm8q-7f3q-5f36"],"sourceUrl":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-44459","license":"NIST NVD usage terms; underlying source attribution retained","enrichment":{"sourceStatus":"Analyzed","weaknesses":["CWE-1284"],"productCriteria":["cpe:2.3:a:hono:hono:*:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*"],"sourceDates":{"published":"2026-05-13T16:16:57.970","lastModified":"2026-10-26T14:10:00.130"},"relatedAdvisories":[],"note":"NVD analysis and CPE criteria are source context, not proof that a package or your environment is affected. Complete affected data, logical configurations and SSVC are retained in the original JSON."},"key":"nvd:CVE-2026-44459","identifiers":["CVE-2026-44459"]},"retained":false,"historicalAffected":[]},{"revision":"17ba9ed94b714d0eb5c38e54a7745f29","observedAt":"2026-10-24T13:17:17.793+00:00","statement":{"source":"osv","id":"GHSA-hm8q-7f3q-5f36","aliases":["CVE-2026-44459"],"title":"Hono has improper validation of NumericDate claims (exp, nbf, iat) in JWT verify()","description":"### Summary\n\nImproper validation of the JWT NumericDate claims `exp`, `nbf`, and `iat` in `hono/utils/jwt` allows tokens with non-spec-compliant claim values to silently bypass time-based checks. This issue is not exploitable by an anonymous attacker; it only manifests when a malformed claim value reaches `verify()` — typically when the application itself issues such tokens, or when the signing key is otherwise under attacker control.\n\n### Details\n\nThe validation routine combined option, presence, and threshold checks in a single short-circuiting expression, so several classes of malformed values were silently skipped instead of rejected:\n\n- A falsy numeric value short-circuited the presence check.\n- A non-finite numeric value compared as never-after-now and never-expired.\n- A non-numeric type produced NaN comparisons that evaluated false.\n\nThis deviates from RFC 7519 §4.1.4, which defines NumericDate as a finite JSON numeric value.\n\n### Impact\n\nAn actor able to issue tokens accepted by the application may craft tokens whose `exp`, `nbf`, or `iat` claims silently bypass time-based enforcement. This may lead to:\n\n- Tokens treated as never expiring even with `exp` configured on the verifier.\n- Tokens with a future `nbf` accepted as currently valid.\n- Tokens with a future `iat` accepted as legitimately issued.\n\nDeployments using a well-formed token issuer and protecting the signing key are not affected.","state":0,"publishedAt":"2026-05-09T00:45:19+00:00","modifiedAt":"2026-09-10T03:51:05.7869663+00:00","affected":[{"ecosystem":"npm","name":"hono","ranges":[{"type":"SEMVER","events":[{"kind":"introduced","version":"0"},{"kind":"fixed","version":"4.12.18"}]}],"versions":[],"rawVersionEvidence":null}],"metrics":[{"system":"CVSS_V3","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N","score":null,"severity":null},{"system":"Publisher rating","vector":null,"score":null,"severity":"LOW"}],"references":["https://github.com/honojs/hono/security/advisories/GHSA-hm8q-7f3q-5f36","https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-44459","https://github.com/honojs/hono"],"sourceUrl":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-hm8q-7f3q-5f36","license":"GitHub Advisory Database · CC-BY-4.0","key":"osv:GHSA-hm8q-7f3q-5f36","identifiers":["GHSA-hm8q-7f3q-5f36","CVE-2026-44459"]},"retained":false,"historicalAffected":[]}],"coverage":[{"source":"cisa-kev:global","scope":"Complete CISA KEV catalog; all vendors. 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