{"id":"CVE-2026-44577","revision":null,"records":[{"revision":"441791eebb2640f9a738bfa3070ad84b","observedAt":"2026-10-23T15:48:27.903+00:00","statement":{"source":"cve-program","id":"CVE-2026-44577","aliases":[],"title":"Next.js: Denial of Service in the Image Optimization API","description":"Next.js is a React framework for building full-stack web applications. From 10.0.0 to before 15.5.16 and 16.2.5, when self-hosting Next.js with the default image loader, the Image Optimization API fetches local images entirely into memory without enforcing a maximum size limit. An attacker could cause out-of-memory conditions by requesting large local assets from the /_next/image endpoint that match the images.localPatterns configuration (by default, all patterns are allowed). This vulnerability is fixed in 15.5.16 and 16.2.5.","state":0,"publishedAt":"2026-05-13T17:00:02.786+00:00","modifiedAt":"2026-08-13T12:04:26.74+00:00","affected":[{"ecosystem":"Vendor product","name":"next.js","ranges":[],"versions":[],"rawVersionEvidence":"{\n                    \"vendor\": \"vercel\",\n                    \"product\": \"next.js\",\n                    \"versions\": [\n                        {\n                            \"version\": \">= 10.0.0, < 15.5.16\",\n                            \"status\": \"affected\"\n                        },\n                        {\n                            \"version\": \">= 16.0.0, < 16.2.5\",\n                            \"status\": \"affected\"\n                        }\n                    ]\n                }"}],"metrics":[{"system":"CVSS 3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","score":5.9,"severity":"MEDIUM"}],"references":["https://github.com/vercel/next.js/security/advisories/GHSA-h64f-5h5j-jqjh"],"sourceUrl":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-44577","license":"CVE Program Terms of Use","key":"cve-program:CVE-2026-44577","identifiers":["CVE-2026-44577"]},"retained":false,"historicalAffected":[]},{"revision":"202348914f6248cf8904b551c3745c59","observedAt":"2026-11-07T10:31:28.159+00:00","statement":{"source":"euvd","id":"EUVD-2026-30061","aliases":["CVE-2026-44577","GHSA-h64f-5h5j-jqjh"],"title":"Next.js is a React framework for building full-stack web applications. 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Related bulletin membership is not an alias, common cause or applicability claim. A missing vector with a zero score is treated as unrated. Complete vendor/product and underlying source evidence remains in the original JSON."},"key":"euvd:EUVD-2026-30061","identifiers":["EUVD-2026-30061","CVE-2026-44577","GHSA-h64f-5h5j-jqjh"]},"retained":false,"historicalAffected":[]},{"revision":"e37b5790fc3a491486b33db7333c178b","observedAt":"2026-10-27T11:12:17.434+00:00","statement":{"source":"nvd","id":"CVE-2026-44577","aliases":[],"title":"Next.js is a React framework for building full-stack web applications. From 10.0.0 to before 15.5.16 and 16.2.5, when self-hosting Next.js with the default image loader, the Image Optimization API fetches local images entirely into memory w…","description":"Next.js is a React framework for building full-stack web applications. From 10.0.0 to before 15.5.16 and 16.2.5, when self-hosting Next.js with the default image loader, the Image Optimization API fetches local images entirely into memory without enforcing a maximum size limit. An attacker could cause out-of-memory conditions by requesting large local assets from the /_next/image endpoint that match the images.localPatterns configuration (by default, all patterns are allowed). This vulnerability is fixed in 15.5.16 and 16.2.5.","state":0,"publishedAt":"2026-05-13T17:16:23.173+00:00","modifiedAt":"2026-10-26T17:10:03.27+00:00","affected":[],"metrics":[{"system":"CVSS 3.1 · security-advisories@github.com · Secondary","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","score":5.9,"severity":"MEDIUM"},{"system":"CVSS 3.1 · 0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c · Secondary","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","score":7.5,"severity":"HIGH"}],"references":["https://github.com/vercel/next.js/security/advisories/GHSA-h64f-5h5j-jqjh","https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:34608","https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:37272","https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:40974","https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:54435","https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-44577","https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2477194","https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-44577.json"],"sourceUrl":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-44577","license":"NIST NVD usage terms; underlying source attribution retained","enrichment":{"sourceStatus":"Modified","weaknesses":["CWE-770"],"productCriteria":["cpe:2.3:a:vercel:next.js:*:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*"],"sourceDates":{"published":"2026-05-13T17:16:23.173","lastModified":"2026-10-26T17:10:03.270"},"relatedAdvisories":[],"note":"NVD analysis and CPE criteria are source context, not proof that a package or your environment is affected. Complete affected data, logical configurations and SSVC are retained in the original JSON."},"key":"nvd:CVE-2026-44577","identifiers":["CVE-2026-44577"]},"retained":false,"historicalAffected":[]},{"revision":"a63b3c7a043f464ab65a6bd312961d39","observedAt":"2026-10-24T13:17:17.793+00:00","statement":{"source":"osv","id":"GHSA-h64f-5h5j-jqjh","aliases":["CVE-2026-44577"],"title":"Next.js has a Denial of Service in the Image Optimization API","description":"### Impact\n\nWhen self-hosting Next.js with the default image loader, the Image Optimization API fetches local images entirely into memory without enforcing a maximum size limit. An attacker could cause out-of-memory conditions by requesting large local assets from the `/_next/image` endpoint that match the `images.localPatterns` configuration (by default, all patterns are allowed).\n\n- If you are using `images.localPatterns`, only the patterns in that array are impacted.\n- If you are using `images.unoptimized: true`, you are NOT impacted.\n- If you are using `images.loader: 'custom'`, you are NOT impacted.\n- If you are using Vercel, you are NOT impacted.\n\n### Fix\n\nWe now apply response size limits consistently to internal image fetches, not just external ones, and fail oversized responses before they can exhaust process memory.\n\nThis can be adjusted using the `images.maximumResponseBody` configuration.\n\n### Workarounds\n\nIf you cannot upgrade immediately, avoid routing large local assets through `/_next/image`, disable image optimization for large or untrusted local files, or block image optimization access to those assets at the edge.\n\nYou can disable using the `images.localPatterns: []` configuration. This will still allow fetching remote images (which is not impacted).","state":0,"publishedAt":"2026-05-11T15:56:05+00:00","modifiedAt":"2026-09-10T03:50:47.1515456+00:00","affected":[{"ecosystem":"npm","name":"next","ranges":[{"type":"SEMVER","events":[{"kind":"introduced","version":"10.0.0"},{"kind":"fixed","version":"15.5.16"}]}],"versions":[],"rawVersionEvidence":null},{"ecosystem":"npm","name":"next","ranges":[{"type":"SEMVER","events":[{"kind":"introduced","version":"16.0.0"},{"kind":"fixed","version":"16.2.5"}]}],"versions":[],"rawVersionEvidence":null}],"metrics":[{"system":"CVSS_V3","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","score":null,"severity":null},{"system":"Publisher rating","vector":null,"score":null,"severity":"MODERATE"}],"references":["https://github.com/vercel/next.js/security/advisories/GHSA-h64f-5h5j-jqjh","https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-44577","https://github.com/vercel/next.js","https://github.com/vercel/next.js/releases/tag/v15.5.16","https://github.com/vercel/next.js/releases/tag/v16.2.5"],"sourceUrl":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-h64f-5h5j-jqjh","license":"GitHub Advisory Database · CC-BY-4.0","key":"osv:GHSA-h64f-5h5j-jqjh","identifiers":["GHSA-h64f-5h5j-jqjh","CVE-2026-44577"]},"retained":false,"historicalAffected":[]}],"coverage":[{"source":"cisa-kev:global","scope":"Complete CISA KEV catalog; all vendors. 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