{"id":"CVE-2026-45839","revision":null,"records":[{"revision":"4d95d3b39f7640ca9e4040b6b95b462d","observedAt":"2026-10-23T15:48:27.903+00:00","statement":{"source":"cve-program","id":"CVE-2026-45839","aliases":[],"title":"bpf: reject negative CO-RE accessor indices in bpf_core_parse_spec()","description":"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nbpf: reject negative CO-RE accessor indices in bpf_core_parse_spec()\n\nCO-RE accessor strings are colon-separated indices that describe a path\nfrom a root BTF type to a target field, e.g. \"0:1:2\" walks through\nnested struct members. bpf_core_parse_spec() parses each component with\nsscanf(\"%d\"), so negative values like -1 are silently accepted. The\nsubsequent bounds checks (access_idx >= btf_vlen(t)) only guard the\nupper bound and always pass for negative values because C integer\npromotion converts the __u16 btf_vlen result to int, making the\ncomparison (int)(-1) >= (int)(N) false for any positive N.\n\nWhen -1 reaches btf_member_bit_offset() it gets cast to u32 0xffffffff,\nproducing an out-of-bounds read far past the members array. A crafted\nBPF program with a negative CO-RE accessor on any struct that exists in\nvmlinux BTF (e.g. task_struct) crashes the kernel deterministically\nduring BPF_PROG_LOAD on any system with CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO_BTF=y\n(default on major distributions). The bug is reachable with CAP_BPF:\n\n BUG: unable to handle page fault for address: ffffed11818b6626\n #PF: supervisor read access in kernel mode\n #PF: error_code(0x0000) - not-present page\n Oops: Oops: 0000 [#1] SMP KASAN NOPTI\n CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 85 Comm: poc Not tainted 7.0.0-rc6 #18 PREEMPT(full)\n RIP: 0010:bpf_core_parse_spec (tools/lib/bpf/relo_core.c:354)\n RAX: 00000000ffffffff\n Call Trace:\n \n bpf_core_calc_relo_insn (tools/lib/bpf/relo_core.c:1321)\n bpf_core_apply (kernel/bpf/btf.c:9507)\n check_core_relo (kernel/bpf/verifier.c:19475)\n bpf_check (kernel/bpf/verifier.c:26031)\n bpf_prog_load (kernel/bpf/syscall.c:3089)\n __sys_bpf (kernel/bpf/syscall.c:6228)\n \n\nCO-RE accessor indices are inherently non-negative (struct member index,\narray element index, or enumerator index), so reject them immediately\nafter parsing.","state":0,"publishedAt":"2026-05-27T09:24:37.855+00:00","modifiedAt":"2026-10-15T01:19:41.412+00:00","affected":[{"ecosystem":"Vendor product","name":"Linux","ranges":[],"versions":[],"rawVersionEvidence":"{\n \"product\": \"Linux\",\n \"vendor\": \"Linux\",\n \"defaultStatus\": \"unaffected\",\n \"repo\": \"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\n \"programFiles\": [\n \"tools/lib/bpf/relo_core.c\"\n ],\n \"versions\": [\n {\n \"version\": \"ddc7c3042614e273044f698d2beab25cc3842d45\",\n \"lessThan\": \"c8e49b79c4b48bd687706ff6e9c82638dc81ef80\",\n \"status\": \"affected\",\n \"versionType\": \"git\"\n },\n {\n \"version\": \"ddc7c3042614e273044f698d2beab25cc3842d45\",\n \"lessThan\": \"a9e777f856cd2f1efc106afc7bf21aef868509d5\",\n \"status\": \"affected\",\n \"versionType\": \"git\"\n },\n {\n \"version\": \"ddc7c3042614e273044f698d2beab25cc3842d45\",\n \"lessThan\": \"669349b4612c26b3d7aacfa99d7174681bd19223\",\n \"status\": \"affected\",\n \"versionType\": \"git\"\n },\n {\n \"version\": \"ddc7c3042614e273044f698d2beab25cc3842d45\",\n \"lessThan\": \"3ff85ae79e1a74baeb916b78a63d821f6d19a994\",\n \"status\": \"affected\",\n \"versionType\": \"git\"\n },\n {\n \"version\": \"ddc7c3042614e273044f698d2beab25cc3842d45\",\n \"lessThan\": \"36a9012f76ba8d9189ae56a1f8bb7c87c07a1f3a\",\n \"status\": \"affected\",\n \"versionType\": \"git\"\n },\n {\n \"version\": \"ddc7c3042614e273044f698d2beab25cc3842d45\",\n \"lessThan\": \"76f2ebaf79a9ae6d0737b87f045fe769e425d78f\",\n \"status\": \"affected\",\n \"versionType\": \"git\"\n },\n {\n \"version\": \"ddc7c3042614e273044f698d2beab25cc3842d45\",\n \"lessThan\": \"99dbab7b5a12d8f58d5b0aa2f7a1fe656a70f4b2\",\n \"status\": \"affected\",\n \"versionType\": \"git\"\n },\n {\n \"version\": \"ddc7c3042614e273044f698d2beab25cc3842d45\",\n \"lessThan\": \"1c22483a2c4bbf747787f328392ca3e68619c4dc\",\n \"status\": \"affected\",\n \"versionType\": \"git\"\n }\n ]\n }"},{"ecosystem":"Vendor product","name":"Linux","ranges":[],"versions":[],"rawVersionEvidence":"{\n \"product\": \"Linux\",\n \"vendor\": \"Linux\",\n \"defaultStatus\": \"affected\",\n \"repo\": \"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\n \"programFiles\": [\n \"tools/lib/bpf/relo_core.c\"\n ],\n \"versions\": [\n {\n \"version\": \"5.4\",\n \"status\": \"affected\"\n },\n {\n \"version\": \"0\",\n \"lessThan\": \"5.4\",\n \"status\": \"unaffected\",\n \"versionType\": \"semver\"\n },\n {\n \"version\": \"5.10.267\",\n \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"5.10.*\",\n \"status\": \"unaffected\",\n \"versionType\": \"semver\"\n },\n {\n \"version\": \"5.15.209\",\n \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"5.15.*\",\n \"status\": \"unaffected\",\n \"versionType\": \"semver\"\n },\n {\n \"version\": \"6.1.175\",\n \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"6.1.*\",\n \"status\": \"unaffected\",\n \"versionType\": \"semver\"\n },\n {\n \"version\": \"6.6.141\",\n \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"6.6.*\",\n \"status\": \"unaffected\",\n \"versionType\": \"semver\"\n },\n {\n \"version\": \"6.12.91\",\n \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"6.12.*\",\n \"status\": \"unaffected\",\n \"versionType\": \"semver\"\n },\n {\n \"version\": \"6.18.33\",\n \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"6.18.*\",\n \"status\": \"unaffected\",\n \"versionType\": \"semver\"\n },\n {\n \"version\": \"7.0.10\",\n \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"7.0.*\",\n \"status\": \"unaffected\",\n \"versionType\": \"semver\"\n },\n {\n \"version\": \"7.1\",\n \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"*\",\n \"status\": \"unaffected\",\n \"versionType\": \"original_commit_for_fix\"\n }\n ]\n }"}],"metrics":[],"references":["https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c8e49b79c4b48bd687706ff6e9c82638dc81ef80","https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a9e777f856cd2f1efc106afc7bf21aef868509d5","https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/669349b4612c26b3d7aacfa99d7174681bd19223","https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3ff85ae79e1a74baeb916b78a63d821f6d19a994","https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/36a9012f76ba8d9189ae56a1f8bb7c87c07a1f3a","https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/76f2ebaf79a9ae6d0737b87f045fe769e425d78f","https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/99dbab7b5a12d8f58d5b0aa2f7a1fe656a70f4b2","https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1c22483a2c4bbf747787f328392ca3e68619c4dc"],"sourceUrl":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-45839","license":"CVE Program Terms of Use","key":"cve-program:CVE-2026-45839","identifiers":["CVE-2026-45839"]},"retained":false,"historicalAffected":[]}],"coverage":[{"source":"cisa-kev:global","scope":"Complete CISA KEV catalog; all vendors. Missing entries do not establish absence of exploitation.","generation":"2026-11-09T18:04:49.9033842+00:00","complete":true,"records":1772,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-09T18:04:49.9033842+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-09T18:04:51.4246251+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-09T18:04:51.4246256+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":null,"importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null},{"source":"cve-program","scope":"Official CVE Program baseline and cumulative hourly delta; all vendors, published and rejected records","generation":"cve-24e6fde7b744113daefb8f6135035fb8a5c69c9617c9c0d40574a0376532ffd3-da82b7f3c08c0a1c809bacbfac0a567c645c18f0205247304bfc7e4ee4c02653","complete":true,"records":421491,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-09T18:02:17.7227212+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-09T18:02:17.6122603+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-09T18:02:17.7227212+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":"2026-11-09T17:19:01+00:00","importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null},{"source":"euvd","scope":"Rolling EUVD lookups of CVE aliases in current public OSV archives; 500 identifiers per refresh, rechecked after 48 hours. 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Not a global EPSS backfill.","generation":"2026-11-09T18:04:49.9033842+00:00","complete":true,"records":1096,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-09T18:04:49.9033842+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-09T18:04:51.425345+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-09T18:04:51.425345+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":null,"importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null},{"source":"nvd","scope":"Rolling NVD lookups of CVE aliases in current public OSV archives; 500 identifiers per refresh, rechecked after 48 hours. Not a global NVD catalog. Successful not-found lookups count as checked; they do not imply withdrawal or safety. No reader inventory is sent.","generation":"enrichment-b51e790980dd40318db1b79f996a5e64","complete":true,"records":13667,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-09T18:05:17.6533401+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-09T18:05:17.648+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-09T18:05:17.648+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":null,"importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":13707,"expectedIdentifiers":13707,"failedIdentifiers":0},{"source":"osv:Go","scope":"Complete OSV Go ecosystem archive, including withdrawn and malicious-package source records; statement counts are not unique CVE counts","generation":"go-980593e6977a6d1b4fb1eed5a1ffe88a468736f89f0a06f710924ad59132c023","complete":true,"records":9914,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-09T18:04:49.7604938+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-08T11:07:07.068788+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-09T18:04:49.7604938+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":"2026-11-08T11:02:46+00:00","importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null},{"source":"osv:NuGet","scope":"Complete OSV NuGet ecosystem archive, including GitHub Advisory Database records; NuGet version matching only","generation":"nuget-712163772d637a9cfaa34d4241efb9e9d0ccd6149596c672c613d362f44af841","complete":true,"records":1971,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-09T18:02:23.1622896+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-09T18:02:23.0088273+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-09T18:02:23.1622896+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":"2026-11-09T17:03:01+00:00","importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null},{"source":"osv:crates.io","scope":"Complete OSV crates.io ecosystem archive, including withdrawn and malicious-package source records; statement counts are not unique CVE counts","generation":"crates.io-761ecc9061239b0da572dc9254c6f384c1d19339eb08408c436647a2f26129e9","complete":true,"records":3064,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-09T18:04:49.8693187+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-09T17:05:03.4044794+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-09T18:04:49.8693187+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":"2026-11-09T16:33:20+00:00","importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null},{"source":"osv:npm","scope":"Complete OSV npm ecosystem archive, including withdrawn and malicious-package source records; statement counts are not unique CVE counts","generation":"npm-e3fec63b2a5926ae79916bc9569f5c1069b095db78f2be319f909e69e8e6d7d3","complete":true,"records":231313,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-09T18:04:49.6325121+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-09T18:04:48.1910635+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-09T18:04:49.6325121+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":"2026-11-09T17:33:10+00:00","importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null}]}