{"id":"CVE-2026-46356","revision":null,"records":[{"revision":"c9b284467d5a41439fad2780cf8d39dc","observedAt":"2026-10-23T15:48:27.903+00:00","statement":{"source":"cve-program","id":"CVE-2026-46356","aliases":[],"title":"Fleet: IP spoofing allows bypassing API rate limiting","description":"Fleet is open source device management software. Prior to version 4.80.1, a vulnerability in Fleet's IP extraction logic allows unauthenticated attackers to bypass API rate limiting by spoofing client IP headers. This may allow brute-force login attempts or other abuse against Fleet instances exposed to the public internet. Fleet extracted client IP addresses from request headers (`True-Client-IP`, `X-Real-IP`, `X-Forwarded-For`) without validating that those headers originate from a trusted proxy. The extracted IP is used as the key for rate limiting and IP ban decisions. As a result, an attacker could rotate the value of these headers on each request, causing Fleet to treat each attempt as coming from a different client. This effectively bypasses per-IP rate limits on sensitive endpoints such as the login API, enabling unrestricted brute-force or credential stuffing attacks. This issue primarily affects Fleet instances that are directly exposed to the internet without a reverse proxy that overwrites forwarded-IP headers. Instances behind a properly configured proxy or WAF are less affected. Version 4.80.1 contains a patch. If an immediate upgrade is not possible, administrators should ensure Fleet is deployed behind a reverse proxy (e.g., nginx, Cloudflare, AWS ALB) that overwrites `X-Forwarded-For` with the true client IP, and apply rate limiting at the proxy or WAF layer.","state":0,"publishedAt":"2026-05-14T19:03:50.754+00:00","modifiedAt":"2026-05-14T19:39:08.867+00:00","affected":[{"ecosystem":"Vendor product","name":"fleet","ranges":[],"versions":[],"rawVersionEvidence":"{\n                    \"vendor\": \"fleetdm\",\n                    \"product\": \"fleet\",\n                    \"versions\": [\n                        {\n                            \"version\": \"< 4.80.1\",\n                            \"status\": \"affected\"\n                        }\n                    ]\n                }"}],"metrics":[{"system":"CVSS 4.0","vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N","score":6.9,"severity":"MEDIUM"}],"references":["https://github.com/fleetdm/fleet/security/advisories/GHSA-mxmp-wr3w-rvqx","https://github.com/fleetdm/fleet/releases/tag/fleet-v4.80.1"],"sourceUrl":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-46356","license":"CVE Program Terms of Use","key":"cve-program:CVE-2026-46356","identifiers":["CVE-2026-46356"]},"retained":false,"historicalAffected":[]},{"revision":"2e0f0d52a5f340c5b6cbc621507c61cd","observedAt":"2026-10-28T06:13:45.912+00:00","statement":{"source":"euvd","id":"EUVD-2026-30416","aliases":["CVE-2026-46356","GHSA-mxmp-wr3w-rvqx"],"title":"Fleet is open source device management software. Prior to version 4.80.1, a vulnerability in Fleet's IP extraction logic allows unauthenticated attackers to bypass API rate limiting by spoofing client IP headers. This may allow brute-force …","description":"Fleet is open source device management software. Prior to version 4.80.1, a vulnerability in Fleet's IP extraction logic allows unauthenticated attackers to bypass API rate limiting by spoofing client IP headers. This may allow brute-force login attempts or other abuse against Fleet instances exposed to the public internet. Fleet extracted client IP addresses from request headers (`True-Client-IP`, `X-Real-IP`, `X-Forwarded-For`) without validating that those headers originate from a trusted proxy. The extracted IP is used as the key for rate limiting and IP ban decisions. As a result, an attacker could rotate the value of these headers on each request, causing Fleet to treat each attempt as coming from a different client. This effectively bypasses per-IP rate limits on sensitive endpoints such as the login API, enabling unrestricted brute-force or credential stuffing attacks. This issue primarily affects Fleet instances that are directly exposed to the internet without a reverse proxy that overwrites forwarded-IP headers. Instances behind a properly configured proxy or WAF are less affected. Version 4.80.1 contains a patch. If an immediate upgrade is not possible, administrators should ensure Fleet is deployed behind a reverse proxy (e.g., nginx, Cloudflare, AWS ALB) that overwrites `X-Forwarded-For` with the true client IP, and apply rate limiting at the proxy or WAF layer.","state":0,"publishedAt":null,"modifiedAt":null,"affected":[],"metrics":[{"system":"EUVD CVSS 4.0","vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N","score":6.9,"severity":null}],"references":["https://github.com/fleetdm/fleet/security/advisories/GHSA-mxmp-wr3w-rvqx","https://github.com/fleetdm/fleet/releases/tag/fleet-v4.80.1"],"sourceUrl":"https://euvd.enisa.europa.eu/vulnerability/EUVD-2026-30416","license":"ENISA EUVD · source terms and attribution apply","enrichment":{"sourceStatus":null,"weaknesses":[],"productCriteria":[],"sourceDates":{"datePublished":"May 14, 2026, 7:03:50 PM","dateUpdated":"May 14, 2026, 7:39:08 PM"},"relatedAdvisories":[],"note":"EUVD source date text has no stated timezone and is retained without inventing a UTC instant. Related bulletin membership is not an alias, common cause or applicability claim. A missing vector with a zero score is treated as unrated. Complete vendor/product and underlying source evidence remains in the original JSON."},"key":"euvd:EUVD-2026-30416","identifiers":["EUVD-2026-30416","CVE-2026-46356","GHSA-mxmp-wr3w-rvqx"]},"retained":false,"historicalAffected":[]},{"revision":"2e417b3d56ec481eacd4e9421e76d6ac","observedAt":"2026-10-27T13:11:36.603+00:00","statement":{"source":"nvd","id":"CVE-2026-46356","aliases":[],"title":"Fleet is open source device management software. Prior to version 4.80.1, a vulnerability in Fleet's IP extraction logic allows unauthenticated attackers to bypass API rate limiting by spoofing client IP headers. This may allow brute-force …","description":"Fleet is open source device management software. Prior to version 4.80.1, a vulnerability in Fleet's IP extraction logic allows unauthenticated attackers to bypass API rate limiting by spoofing client IP headers. This may allow brute-force login attempts or other abuse against Fleet instances exposed to the public internet. Fleet extracted client IP addresses from request headers (`True-Client-IP`, `X-Real-IP`, `X-Forwarded-For`) without validating that those headers originate from a trusted proxy. The extracted IP is used as the key for rate limiting and IP ban decisions. As a result, an attacker could rotate the value of these headers on each request, causing Fleet to treat each attempt as coming from a different client. This effectively bypasses per-IP rate limits on sensitive endpoints such as the login API, enabling unrestricted brute-force or credential stuffing attacks. This issue primarily affects Fleet instances that are directly exposed to the internet without a reverse proxy that overwrites forwarded-IP headers. Instances behind a properly configured proxy or WAF are less affected. Version 4.80.1 contains a patch. If an immediate upgrade is not possible, administrators should ensure Fleet is deployed behind a reverse proxy (e.g., nginx, Cloudflare, AWS ALB) that overwrites `X-Forwarded-For` with the true client IP, and apply rate limiting at the proxy or WAF layer.","state":0,"publishedAt":"2026-05-14T20:17:09.54+00:00","modifiedAt":"2026-10-26T14:10:00.13+00:00","affected":[],"metrics":[{"system":"CVSS 4.0 · security-advisories@github.com · Secondary","vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X","score":6.9,"severity":"MEDIUM"},{"system":"CVSS 3.1 · nvd@nist.gov · Primary","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N","score":7.5,"severity":"HIGH"}],"references":["https://github.com/fleetdm/fleet/releases/tag/fleet-v4.80.1","https://github.com/fleetdm/fleet/security/advisories/GHSA-mxmp-wr3w-rvqx"],"sourceUrl":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-46356","license":"NIST NVD usage terms; underlying source attribution retained","enrichment":{"sourceStatus":"Analyzed","weaknesses":["CWE-290"],"productCriteria":["cpe:2.3:a:fleetdm:fleet:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"],"sourceDates":{"published":"2026-05-14T20:17:09.540","lastModified":"2026-10-26T14:10:00.130"},"relatedAdvisories":[],"note":"NVD analysis and CPE criteria are source context, not proof that a package or your environment is affected. Complete affected data, logical configurations and SSVC are retained in the original JSON."},"key":"nvd:CVE-2026-46356","identifiers":["CVE-2026-46356"]},"retained":false,"historicalAffected":[]},{"revision":"74b6ae21e4ba4462a7af9b9d2932d962","observedAt":"2026-10-24T13:19:41.952+00:00","statement":{"source":"osv","id":"GHSA-mxmp-wr3w-rvqx","aliases":["CVE-2026-46356","GO-2026-5520"],"title":"Fleet: IP spoofing allows bypassing API rate limiting","description":"### Summary\nA vulnerability in Fleet's IP extraction logic allows unauthenticated attackers to bypass API rate limiting by spoofing client IP headers. This may allow brute-force login attempts or other abuse against Fleet instances exposed to the public internet.\n\n### Impact\nFleet extracted client IP addresses from request headers (`True-Client-IP`, `X-Real-IP`, `X-Forwarded-For`) without validating that those headers originate from a trusted proxy. The extracted IP is used as the key for rate limiting and IP ban decisions.\n\nAs a result, an attacker could rotate the value of these headers on each request, causing Fleet to treat each attempt as coming from a different client. This effectively bypasses per-IP rate limits on sensitive endpoints such as the login API, enabling unrestricted brute-force or credential stuffing attacks.\n\nThis issue primarily affects Fleet instances that are directly exposed to the internet without a reverse proxy that overwrites forwarded-IP headers. Instances behind a properly configured proxy or WAF are less affected.\n\n### Workarounds\nIf an immediate upgrade is not possible, administrators should ensure Fleet is deployed behind a reverse proxy (e.g., nginx, Cloudflare, AWS ALB) that overwrites `X-Forwarded-For` with the true client IP, and apply rate limiting at the proxy or WAF layer.\n\n### For more information\nIf you have any questions or comments about this advisory:\nEmail us at [security@fleetdm.com](mailto:security@fleetdm.com)\nJoin #fleet in [osquery Slack](https://join.slack.com/t/osquery/shared_invite/zt-h29zm0gk-s2DBtGUTW4CFel0f0IjTEw)\n\n### Credits\nWe thank @fuzzztf for responsibly reporting this issue.","state":0,"publishedAt":"2026-05-14T13:18:33+00:00","modifiedAt":"2026-06-25T23:11:45.2941186+00:00","affected":[{"ecosystem":"Go","name":"github.com/fleetdm/fleet/v4","ranges":[{"type":"SEMVER","events":[{"kind":"introduced","version":"0"},{"kind":"fixed","version":"4.80.1"}]}],"versions":[],"rawVersionEvidence":null}],"metrics":[{"system":"CVSS_V4","vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N","score":null,"severity":null},{"system":"Publisher rating","vector":null,"score":null,"severity":"MODERATE"}],"references":["https://github.com/fleetdm/fleet/security/advisories/GHSA-mxmp-wr3w-rvqx","https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-46356","https://github.com/fleetdm/fleet","https://github.com/fleetdm/fleet/releases/tag/fleet-v4.80.1"],"sourceUrl":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-mxmp-wr3w-rvqx","license":"GitHub Advisory Database · CC-BY-4.0","key":"osv:GHSA-mxmp-wr3w-rvqx","identifiers":["GHSA-mxmp-wr3w-rvqx","CVE-2026-46356","GO-2026-5520"]},"retained":false,"historicalAffected":[]},{"revision":"844711fd399b415e942de26da6a6895c","observedAt":"2026-10-24T13:19:41.952+00:00","statement":{"source":"osv","id":"GO-2026-5520","aliases":["CVE-2026-46356","GHSA-mxmp-wr3w-rvqx"],"title":"Fleet: IP spoofing allows bypassing API rate limiting in github.com/fleetdm/fleet","description":"Fleet: IP spoofing allows bypassing API rate limiting in github.com/fleetdm/fleet","state":0,"publishedAt":"2026-06-25T22:34:34+00:00","modifiedAt":"2026-06-25T23:01:15.9257574+00:00","affected":[{"ecosystem":"Go","name":"github.com/fleetdm/fleet/v4","ranges":[{"type":"SEMVER","events":[{"kind":"introduced","version":"0"},{"kind":"fixed","version":"4.80.1"}]}],"versions":[],"rawVersionEvidence":null}],"metrics":[],"references":["https://github.com/fleetdm/fleet/security/advisories/GHSA-mxmp-wr3w-rvqx","https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-46356","https://github.com/fleetdm/fleet/releases/tag/fleet-v4.80.1"],"sourceUrl":"https://osv.dev/vulnerability/GO-2026-5520","license":"OSV · upstream source license applies","key":"osv:GO-2026-5520","identifiers":["GO-2026-5520","CVE-2026-46356","GHSA-mxmp-wr3w-rvqx"]},"retained":false,"historicalAffected":[]}],"coverage":[{"source":"cisa-kev:global","scope":"Complete CISA KEV catalog; all vendors. Missing entries do not establish absence of exploitation.","generation":"2026-10-28T09:35:16.3984034+00:00","complete":true,"records":1760,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-10-28T09:35:16.3984034+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-10-28T09:35:16.5390082+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-10-28T09:35:16.5390093+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":null,"importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null},{"source":"cve-program","scope":"Official CVE Program baseline and cumulative hourly delta; all vendors, published and rejected records","generation":"cve-d2186f400c54d65f61687f78bb1a00d184d2e215877d0194d7ed70caee809a44-341c9c066fb1f02844701ecd80668d9f8785ee859a9610fea1cb64d90b310b31","complete":true,"records":415618,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-10-28T09:33:30.5343769+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-10-28T09:33:30.506878+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-10-28T09:33:30.5343769+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":"2026-10-28T09:30:32+00:00","importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null},{"source":"euvd","scope":"Rolling EUVD lookups of CVE aliases in current public OSV archives; 500 identifiers per refresh, rechecked after 48 hours. Not a global EUVD catalog. Successful not-found lookups count as checked; they do not imply withdrawal or safety. No reader inventory is sent.","generation":"enrichment-de165d53fac940aaad346865c6e98fb1","complete":false,"records":13160,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-10-28T09:47:16.9908553+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-10-28T09:47:16.987+00:00","error":"30 identifier lookups failed; latest failures include HTTP 403. Other identifiers were checked independently.","lastVerifiedAt":"2026-10-28T09:47:16.987+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":null,"importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":8470,"expectedIdentifiers":13514,"failedIdentifiers":30},{"source":"first-epss:nuget","scope":"FIRST EPSS for explicit CVE aliases in the collected public NuGet archive. Not a global EPSS backfill.","generation":"2026-10-28T09:35:16.3984034+00:00","complete":true,"records":1093,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-10-28T09:35:16.3984034+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-10-28T09:35:16.5401217+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-10-28T09:35:16.5401222+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":null,"importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null},{"source":"nvd","scope":"Rolling NVD lookups of CVE aliases in current public OSV archives; 500 identifiers per refresh, rechecked after 48 hours. Not a global NVD catalog. Successful not-found lookups count as checked; they do not imply withdrawal or safety. No reader inventory is sent.","generation":"enrichment-8d16a738328646698f9217d8ea11893c","complete":true,"records":13449,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-10-28T09:35:17.0530276+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-10-27T22:48:29.491+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-10-27T22:48:29.491+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":null,"importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":13514,"expectedIdentifiers":13514,"failedIdentifiers":0},{"source":"osv:Go","scope":"Complete OSV Go ecosystem archive, including withdrawn and malicious-package source records; statement counts are not unique CVE counts","generation":"go-f7cb12508d9e6a348c8a60f772ed85529cc80cd2ff853da1099b57754b20e943","complete":true,"records":9790,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-10-28T09:35:16.3488229+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-10-27T21:49:03.9756799+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-10-28T09:35:16.3488229+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":"2026-10-27T21:48:11+00:00","importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null},{"source":"osv:NuGet","scope":"Complete OSV NuGet ecosystem archive, including GitHub Advisory Database records; NuGet version matching only","generation":"nuget-72e5e79de0026dd0562d40734074a2236a06886643d67182b8381eaee757dbf7","complete":true,"records":1966,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-10-28T09:33:30.5803847+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-10-27T21:46:38.0277323+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-10-28T09:33:30.5803847+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":"2026-10-27T21:18:15+00:00","importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null},{"source":"osv:crates.io","scope":"Complete OSV crates.io ecosystem archive, including withdrawn and malicious-package source records; statement counts are not unique CVE counts","generation":"crates.io-3a5b306d60fc44677a03a8afc99d87e6c5402770ef68d560f94a8c3ad3802b75","complete":true,"records":3001,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-10-28T09:35:16.3626904+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-10-27T16:45:49.0050993+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-10-28T09:35:16.3626904+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":"2026-10-27T16:33:43+00:00","importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null},{"source":"osv:npm","scope":"Complete OSV npm ecosystem archive, including withdrawn and malicious-package source records; statement counts are not unique CVE counts","generation":"npm-2ba4ef78ff3a54a3ff2eeaf8e09b7b84901727f582723b80c5b0279e777b2781","complete":true,"records":230857,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-10-28T09:35:16.2102779+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-10-28T09:35:14.9469514+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-10-28T09:35:16.2102779+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":"2026-10-28T09:33:01+00:00","importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null}]}