{"id":"CVE-2026-98231","revision":"5fe2c4658b514fb58e5224288b6f26e0","records":[{"revision":"5fe2c4658b514fb58e5224288b6f26e0","observedAt":"2026-10-23T15:48:27.903+00:00","statement":{"source":"cve-program","id":"CVE-2026-98231","aliases":[],"title":"xfrm: serialize state GC with device state flush","description":"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nxfrm: serialize state GC with device state flush\n\nThe deferred-device pass in xfrm_dev_state_flush() finds states under\nxfrm_state_dev_gc_lock, but drops the lock before calling\nxfrm_dev_state_free() because the driver callback may sleep.  The device\nGC list does not hold an xfrm_state reference, so the state GC worker can\ndestroy the same state concurrently.\n\nThe race can proceed as follows:\n\n  CPU 0                               CPU 1\n  find x on the device GC list\n  drop xfrm_state_dev_gc_lock\n  read x->xso.dev\n                                      xfrm_state_gc_destroy(x)\n                                      xfrm_dev_state_free(x)\n                                      xfrm_state_free(x)\n  continue xfrm_dev_state_free(x)\n\nBoth paths can invoke the driver callback and drop the device reference.\nCPU 0 can also access the xfrm_state after CPU 1 has freed it.\n\nKASAN reported:\n\n  BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in xfrm_dev_state_free+0x24c/0x2a0\n  Read of size 8 at addr ffff88810bbaa960 by task poc/102\n\n  Call Trace:\n   xfrm_dev_state_free+0x24c/0x2a0\n   xfrm_dev_state_flush+0x353/0x400\n   xfrm_dev_event+0x26d/0x3a0\n   notifier_call_chain+0xc0/0x280\n   __dev_notify_flags+0x169/0x250\n   netif_change_flags+0xe7/0x160\n   dev_change_flags+0x96/0x220\n   devinet_ioctl+0x7f4/0x1880\n\n  Allocated by task 87:\n   xfrm_state_alloc+0x1e/0x5c0\n   xfrm_add_sa+0xe7f/0x5820\n   xfrm_user_rcv_msg+0x4f3/0x940\n\n  Freed by task 57:\n   kmem_cache_free+0xcb/0x3d0\n   xfrm_state_gc_task+0x4a8/0x650\n   process_one_work+0x63a/0x1070\n\nSerialize xfrm_state destruction against the deferred-device pass with a\nmutex.  Keep xfrm_state_dev_gc_lock limited to list operations and retain\nthe existing callback and device-reference release ordering.","state":0,"publishedAt":"2026-10-06T08:45:05.183+00:00","modifiedAt":"2026-10-19T09:16:03.101+00:00","affected":[{"ecosystem":"Vendor product","name":"Linux","ranges":[],"versions":[],"rawVersionEvidence":"{\n                    \"product\": \"Linux\",\n                    \"vendor\": \"Linux\",\n                    \"defaultStatus\": \"unaffected\",\n                    \"repo\": \"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\n                    \"programFiles\": [\n                        \"net/xfrm/xfrm_state.c\"\n                    ],\n                    \"versions\": [\n                        {\n                            \"version\": \"d5f53edd43daf3e6e1633a49c561387f8f99e13f\",\n                            \"lessThan\": \"937108dc0258d6ac69926b00bc53598c98986ee1\",\n                            \"status\": \"affected\",\n                            \"versionType\": \"git\"\n                        },\n                        {\n                            \"version\": \"07b87f9eea0c30675084d50c82532d20168da009\",\n                            \"lessThan\": \"39e41af3653ee45c985190dd97426f318918d201\",\n                            \"status\": \"affected\",\n                            \"versionType\": \"git\"\n                        },\n                        {\n                            \"version\": \"07b87f9eea0c30675084d50c82532d20168da009\",\n                            \"lessThan\": \"75fc4561772e2f9811abf39ed10443e6f4a4bc6c\",\n                            \"status\": \"affected\",\n                            \"versionType\": \"git\"\n                        },\n                        {\n                            \"version\": \"07b87f9eea0c30675084d50c82532d20168da009\",\n                            \"lessThan\": \"84e378395494963b1e581cf223a7cbeec8c0e2d6\",\n                            \"status\": \"affected\",\n                            \"versionType\": \"git\"\n                        },\n                        {\n                            \"version\": \"07b87f9eea0c30675084d50c82532d20168da009\",\n                            \"lessThan\": \"89fefad9f971bc637fb22373078144f2563c4be9\",\n                            \"status\": \"affected\",\n                            \"versionType\": \"git\"\n                        },\n                        {\n                            \"version\": \"8ecee44464a4926c9bef989a1490b7394785f584\",\n                            \"status\": \"affected\",\n                            \"versionType\": \"git\"\n                        },\n                        {\n                            \"version\": \"6.6.44\",\n                            \"lessThan\": \"6.6.158\",\n                            \"status\": \"affected\",\n                            \"versionType\": \"semver\"\n                        },\n                        {\n                            \"version\": \"6.10.3\",\n                            \"lessThan\": \"6.11\",\n                            \"status\": \"affected\",\n                            \"versionType\": \"semver\"\n                        }\n                    ]\n                }"},{"ecosystem":"Vendor product","name":"Linux","ranges":[],"versions":[],"rawVersionEvidence":"{\n                    \"product\": \"Linux\",\n                    \"vendor\": \"Linux\",\n                    \"defaultStatus\": \"affected\",\n                    \"repo\": \"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\n                    \"programFiles\": [\n                        \"net/xfrm/xfrm_state.c\"\n                    ],\n                    \"versions\": [\n                        {\n                            \"version\": \"6.11\",\n                            \"status\": \"affected\"\n                        },\n                        {\n                            \"version\": \"0\",\n                            \"lessThan\": \"6.11\",\n                            \"status\": \"unaffected\",\n                            \"versionType\": \"semver\"\n                        },\n                        {\n                            \"version\": \"6.6.158\",\n                            \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"6.6.*\",\n                            \"status\": \"unaffected\",\n                            \"versionType\": \"semver\"\n                        },\n                        {\n                            \"version\": \"6.12.112\",\n                            \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"6.12.*\",\n                            \"status\": \"unaffected\",\n                            \"versionType\": \"semver\"\n                        },\n                        {\n                            \"version\": \"6.18.54\",\n                            \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"6.18.*\",\n                            \"status\": \"unaffected\",\n                            \"versionType\": \"semver\"\n                        },\n                        {\n                            \"version\": \"7.2.8\",\n                            \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"7.2.*\",\n                            \"status\": \"unaffected\",\n                            \"versionType\": \"semver\"\n                        },\n                        {\n                            \"version\": \"7.3\",\n                            \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"*\",\n                            \"status\": \"unaffected\",\n                            \"versionType\": \"original_commit_for_fix\"\n                        }\n                    ]\n                }"}],"metrics":[],"references":["https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/937108dc0258d6ac69926b00bc53598c98986ee1","https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/39e41af3653ee45c985190dd97426f318918d201","https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/75fc4561772e2f9811abf39ed10443e6f4a4bc6c","https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/84e378395494963b1e581cf223a7cbeec8c0e2d6","https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/89fefad9f971bc637fb22373078144f2563c4be9"],"sourceUrl":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-98231","license":"CVE Program Terms of Use","key":"cve-program:CVE-2026-98231","identifiers":["CVE-2026-98231"]},"retained":false,"historicalAffected":[]}],"coverage":[]}