{"id":"EUVD-2025-198183","revision":null,"records":[{"revision":"d1af074643664c1482a3d000a72cfe2c","observedAt":"2026-10-23T15:48:27.903+00:00","statement":{"source":"cve-program","id":"CVE-2025-64765","aliases":[],"title":"Astro middleware authentication checks based on url.pathname can be bypassed via url encoded values","description":"Astro is a web framework. Prior to version 5.15.8, a mismatch exists between how Astro normalizes request paths for routing/rendering and how the application’s middleware reads the path for validation checks. Astro internally applies decodeURI() to determine which route to render, while the middleware uses context.url.pathname without applying the same normalization (decodeURI). This discrepancy may allow attackers to reach protected routes using encoded path variants that pass routing but bypass validation checks. 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This issue has been patched in version 5.15.8.","state":0,"publishedAt":null,"modifiedAt":null,"affected":[],"metrics":[{"system":"EUVD CVSS 4.0","vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N","score":6.9,"severity":null}],"references":["https://github.com/withastro/astro/security/advisories/GHSA-ggxq-hp9w-j794","https://github.com/withastro/astro/commit/6f800813516b07bbe12c666a92937525fddb58ce"],"sourceUrl":"https://euvd.enisa.europa.eu/vulnerability/EUVD-2025-198183","license":"ENISA EUVD · source terms and attribution apply","enrichment":{"sourceStatus":null,"weaknesses":[],"productCriteria":[],"sourceDates":{"datePublished":"Nov 19, 2025, 4:41:19 PM","dateUpdated":"Nov 20, 2025, 3:50:41 PM"},"relatedAdvisories":[],"note":"EUVD source date text has no stated timezone and is retained without inventing a UTC instant. Related bulletin membership is not an alias, common cause or applicability claim. A missing vector with a zero score is treated as unrated. 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Astro internally applies decodeURI() to determine which route to render, while the middleware uses context.url.pathname without applying the same normalization (decodeURI). This discrepancy may allow attackers to reach protected routes using encoded path variants that pass routing but bypass validation checks. This issue has been patched in version 5.15.8.","state":0,"publishedAt":"2025-11-19T17:15:52.827+00:00","modifiedAt":"2026-10-18T20:10:00.11+00:00","affected":[],"metrics":[{"system":"CVSS 4.0 · security-advisories@github.com · Secondary","vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X","score":6.9,"severity":"MEDIUM"},{"system":"CVSS 3.1 · nvd@nist.gov · Primary","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N","score":5.3,"severity":"MEDIUM"}],"references":["https://github.com/withastro/astro/commit/6f800813516b07bbe12c666a92937525fddb58ce","https://github.com/withastro/astro/security/advisories/GHSA-ggxq-hp9w-j794"],"sourceUrl":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-64765","license":"NIST NVD usage terms; underlying source attribution retained","enrichment":{"sourceStatus":"Analyzed","weaknesses":["CWE-22"],"productCriteria":["cpe:2.3:a:astro:astro:*:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*"],"sourceDates":{"published":"2025-11-19T17:15:52.827","lastModified":"2026-10-18T20:10:00.110"},"relatedAdvisories":[],"note":"NVD analysis and CPE criteria are source context, not proof that a package or your environment is affected. Complete affected data, logical configurations and SSVC are retained in the original JSON."},"key":"nvd:CVE-2025-64765","identifiers":["CVE-2025-64765"]},"retained":false,"historicalAffected":[]},{"revision":"8a2a9b99f93f4c2a98a5403d2d0330d1","observedAt":"2026-10-24T13:17:17.793+00:00","statement":{"source":"osv","id":"GHSA-ggxq-hp9w-j794","aliases":["CVE-2025-64765"],"title":"Astro's middleware authentication checks based on url.pathname can be bypassed via url encoded values","description":"A mismatch exists between how Astro normalizes request paths for routing/rendering and how the application’s middleware reads the path for validation checks. Astro internally applies `decodeURI()` to determine which route to render, while the middleware uses `context.url.pathname` without applying the same normalization (decodeURI).\n\nThis discrepancy may allow attackers to reach protected routes (e.g., /admin) using encoded path variants that pass routing but bypass validation checks.\n\nhttps://github.com/withastro/astro/blob/ebc4b1cde82c76076d5d673b5b70f94be2c066f3/packages/astro/src/vite-plugin-astro-server/request.ts#L40-L44\n\n```js\n/** The main logic to route dev server requests to pages in Astro. */\nexport async function handleRequest({\n    pipeline,\n    routesList,\n    controller,\n    incomingRequest,\n    incomingResponse,\n}: HandleRequest) {\n    const { config, loader } = pipeline;\n    const origin = `${loader.isHttps() ? 'https' : 'http'}://${\n        incomingRequest.headers[':authority'] ?? incomingRequest.headers.host\n    }`;\n\n    const url = new URL(origin + incomingRequest.url);\n    let pathname: string;\n    if (config.trailingSlash === 'never' && !incomingRequest.url) {\n        pathname = '';\n    } else {\n        // We already have a middleware that checks if there's an incoming URL that has invalid URI, so it's safe\n        // to not handle the error: packages/astro/src/vite-plugin-astro-server/base.ts\n        pathname = decodeURI(url.pathname); // here this url is for routing/rendering\n    }\n\n    // Add config.base back to url before passing it to SSR\n    url.pathname = removeTrailingForwardSlash(config.base) + url.pathname; // this is used for middleware context\n```\n\nConsider an application having the following middleware code:\n\n```js\nimport { defineMiddleware } from \"astro/middleware\";\n\nexport const onRequest = defineMiddleware(async (context, next) => {\n  const isAuthed = false;  // simulate no auth\n  if (context.url.pathname === \"/admin\" && !isAuthed) {\n    return context.redirect(\"/\");\n  }\n  return next();\n});\n```\n\n`context.url.pathname` is validated , if it's equal to `/admin` the `isAuthed` property must be true for the next() method to be called. The same example can be found in the official docs https://docs.astro.build/en/guides/authentication/\n\n\n`context.url.pathname` returns the raw version which is `/%61admin` while pathname which is used for routing/rendering `/admin`, this creates a path normalization mismatch.\n\nBy sending the following request, it's possible to bypass the middleware check\n\n```\nGET /%61dmin HTTP/1.1\nHost: localhost:3000\n```\n\n<img width=\"1920\" height=\"1025\" alt=\"image\" src=\"https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/7e0eeecd-607a-4c73-b12e-5977a30c9bc4\" />\n\n\n**Remediation**\n\nEnsure middleware context has  the same normalized pathname value that Astro uses internally, because any difference could allow it to bypass such checks. In short maybe something like this\n\n```diff\n        pathname = decodeURI(url.pathname);\n    }\n\n    // Add config.base back to url before passing it to SSR\n-    url.pathname = removeTrailingForwardSlash(config.base) + url.pathname;\n+    url.pathname = removeTrailingForwardSlash(config.base) + decodeURI(url.pathname);\n```\n\nThank you, let @Sudistark know if any more info is needed. Happy to help :)","state":0,"publishedAt":"2025-11-19T20:03:21+00:00","modifiedAt":"2026-02-04T03:01:27.986221+00:00","affected":[{"ecosystem":"npm","name":"astro","ranges":[{"type":"SEMVER","events":[{"kind":"introduced","version":"0"},{"kind":"fixed","version":"5.15.8"}]}],"versions":[],"rawVersionEvidence":null}],"metrics":[{"system":"CVSS_V4","vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N","score":null,"severity":null},{"system":"Publisher rating","vector":null,"score":null,"severity":"MODERATE"}],"references":["https://github.com/withastro/astro/security/advisories/GHSA-ggxq-hp9w-j794","https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-64765","https://github.com/withastro/astro/commit/6f800813516b07bbe12c666a92937525fddb58ce","https://github.com/withastro/astro"],"sourceUrl":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-ggxq-hp9w-j794","license":"GitHub Advisory Database · CC-BY-4.0","key":"osv:GHSA-ggxq-hp9w-j794","identifiers":["GHSA-ggxq-hp9w-j794","CVE-2025-64765"]},"retained":false,"historicalAffected":[]}],"coverage":[{"source":"cisa-kev:global","scope":"Complete CISA KEV catalog; all vendors. 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