{"id":"EUVD-2026-37826","revision":null,"records":[{"revision":"73fbb6280cd24801a5be4565c94c12ff","observedAt":"2026-10-23T15:48:27.903+00:00","statement":{"source":"cve-program","id":"CVE-2026-44646","aliases":[],"title":"LiquidJS: `{% render %}` tag silently bypasses per-render `ownPropertyOnly:true` via `Context.spawn()`","description":"LiquidJS is a Shopify/GitHub Pages compatible template engine written in pure JavaScript. In versions 10.25.7 and below, Context.spawn() creates a child Context for the {% render %} tag but does not propagate the parent context's resolved ownPropertyOnly value, resulting in a silent bypass. The new context re-derives ownPropertyOnly from opts.ownPropertyOnly (the instance-level option), silently discarding any RenderOptions.ownPropertyOnly override that was supplied to parseAndRender(). As a result, a developer who runs a Liquid instance with the backwards-compatible ownPropertyOnly:false and then locks down an untrusted render with parseAndRender(..., { ownPropertyOnly: true }) still leaks prototype-chain properties from inside any {% render %} partial. This is a distinct exploit surface from the previously identified array-filter variants (where, reject, group_by, find, find_index, has) — the underlying root cause in Context.spawn() is shared, but {% render %} is a separately reachable sink that needs no filter usage. This issue has been fixed in version 10.26.0.","state":0,"publishedAt":"2026-06-17T22:25:15.319+00:00","modifiedAt":"2026-06-18T13:53:51.906+00:00","affected":[{"ecosystem":"Vendor product","name":"liquidjs","ranges":[],"versions":[],"rawVersionEvidence":"{\n                    \"vendor\": \"harttle\",\n                    \"product\": \"liquidjs\",\n                    \"versions\": [\n                        {\n                            \"version\": \"< 10.26.0\",\n                            \"status\": \"affected\"\n                        }\n                    ]\n                }"}],"metrics":[{"system":"CVSS 3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N","score":5.3,"severity":"MEDIUM"}],"references":["https://github.com/harttle/liquidjs/security/advisories/GHSA-9x9p-qf8f-mvjg","https://github.com/harttle/liquidjs/commit/dbbf6288030591bf6da28d8c1cce5a17bca97bb6","https://github.com/harttle/liquidjs/releases/tag/v10.26.0"],"sourceUrl":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-44646","license":"CVE Program Terms of Use","key":"cve-program:CVE-2026-44646","identifiers":["CVE-2026-44646"]},"retained":false,"historicalAffected":[]},{"revision":"867660fdd56e44a2b1720a24adf7490a","observedAt":"2026-10-30T07:53:38.069+00:00","statement":{"source":"euvd","id":"EUVD-2026-37826","aliases":["CVE-2026-44646","GHSA-9x9p-qf8f-mvjg"],"title":"LiquidJS is a Shopify/GitHub Pages compatible template engine written in pure JavaScript. In versions 10.25.7 and below, Context.spawn() creates a child Context for the {% render %} tag but does not propagate the parent context's resolved o…","description":"LiquidJS is a Shopify/GitHub Pages compatible template engine written in pure JavaScript. In versions 10.25.7 and below, Context.spawn() creates a child Context for the {% render %} tag but does not propagate the parent context's resolved ownPropertyOnly value, resulting in a silent bypass. The new context re-derives ownPropertyOnly from opts.ownPropertyOnly (the instance-level option), silently discarding any RenderOptions.ownPropertyOnly override that was supplied to parseAndRender(). As a result, a developer who runs a Liquid instance with the backwards-compatible ownPropertyOnly:false and then locks down an untrusted render with parseAndRender(..., { ownPropertyOnly: true }) still leaks prototype-chain properties from inside any {% render %} partial. This is a distinct exploit surface from the previously identified array-filter variants (where, reject, group_by, find, find_index, has) — the underlying root cause in Context.spawn() is shared, but {% render %} is a separately reachable sink that needs no filter usage. This issue has been fixed in version 10.26.0.","state":0,"publishedAt":null,"modifiedAt":null,"affected":[],"metrics":[{"system":"EUVD CVSS 3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N","score":5.3,"severity":null}],"references":["https://github.com/harttle/liquidjs/security/advisories/GHSA-9x9p-qf8f-mvjg","https://github.com/harttle/liquidjs/commit/dbbf6288030591bf6da28d8c1cce5a17bca97bb6","https://github.com/harttle/liquidjs/releases/tag/v10.26.0"],"sourceUrl":"https://euvd.enisa.europa.eu/vulnerability/EUVD-2026-37826","license":"ENISA EUVD · source terms and attribution apply","enrichment":{"sourceStatus":null,"weaknesses":[],"productCriteria":[],"sourceDates":{"datePublished":"Jun 17, 2026, 10:25:15 PM","dateUpdated":"Jun 18, 2026, 1:53:51 PM"},"relatedAdvisories":[],"note":"EUVD source date text has no stated timezone and is retained without inventing a UTC instant. Related bulletin membership is not an alias, common cause or applicability claim. A missing vector with a zero score is treated as unrated. Complete vendor/product and underlying source evidence remains in the original JSON."},"key":"euvd:EUVD-2026-37826","identifiers":["EUVD-2026-37826","CVE-2026-44646","GHSA-9x9p-qf8f-mvjg"]},"retained":false,"historicalAffected":[]},{"revision":"40ed7c44f9ca481da929776ab037b0eb","observedAt":"2026-10-27T11:12:17.434+00:00","statement":{"source":"nvd","id":"CVE-2026-44646","aliases":[],"title":"LiquidJS is a Shopify/GitHub Pages compatible template engine written in pure JavaScript. In versions 10.25.7 and below, Context.spawn() creates a child Context for the {% render %} tag but does not propagate the parent context's resolved o…","description":"LiquidJS is a Shopify/GitHub Pages compatible template engine written in pure JavaScript. In versions 10.25.7 and below, Context.spawn() creates a child Context for the {% render %} tag but does not propagate the parent context's resolved ownPropertyOnly value, resulting in a silent bypass. The new context re-derives ownPropertyOnly from opts.ownPropertyOnly (the instance-level option), silently discarding any RenderOptions.ownPropertyOnly override that was supplied to parseAndRender(). As a result, a developer who runs a Liquid instance with the backwards-compatible ownPropertyOnly:false and then locks down an untrusted render with parseAndRender(..., { ownPropertyOnly: true }) still leaks prototype-chain properties from inside any {% render %} partial. This is a distinct exploit surface from the previously identified array-filter variants (where, reject, group_by, find, find_index, has) — the underlying root cause in Context.spawn() is shared, but {% render %} is a separately reachable sink that needs no filter usage. This issue has been fixed in version 10.26.0.","state":0,"publishedAt":"2026-06-17T23:17:03.743+00:00","modifiedAt":"2026-10-26T11:10:00.157+00:00","affected":[],"metrics":[{"system":"CVSS 3.1 · security-advisories@github.com · Secondary","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N","score":5.3,"severity":"MEDIUM"}],"references":["https://github.com/harttle/liquidjs/commit/dbbf6288030591bf6da28d8c1cce5a17bca97bb6","https://github.com/harttle/liquidjs/releases/tag/v10.26.0","https://github.com/harttle/liquidjs/security/advisories/GHSA-9x9p-qf8f-mvjg"],"sourceUrl":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-44646","license":"NIST NVD usage terms; underlying source attribution retained","enrichment":{"sourceStatus":"Deferred","weaknesses":["CWE-693"],"productCriteria":[],"sourceDates":{"published":"2026-06-17T23:17:03.743","lastModified":"2026-10-26T11:10:00.157"},"relatedAdvisories":[],"note":"NVD analysis and CPE criteria are source context, not proof that a package or your environment is affected. Complete affected data, logical configurations and SSVC are retained in the original JSON."},"key":"nvd:CVE-2026-44646","identifiers":["CVE-2026-44646"]},"retained":false,"historicalAffected":[]},{"revision":"c5360f2139a548e0a6c664eec5433e88","observedAt":"2026-10-27T15:44:25.492+00:00","statement":{"source":"osv","id":"GHSA-9x9p-qf8f-mvjg","aliases":["CVE-2026-44646"],"title":"LiquidJS's `{% render %}` tag silently bypasses per-render `ownPropertyOnly:true` via `Context.spawn()`","description":"## Summary\n\n`Context.spawn()` in liquidjs creates a child `Context` for the `{% render %}` tag but does not propagate the parent context's resolved `ownPropertyOnly` value. The new context re-derives `ownPropertyOnly` from `opts.ownPropertyOnly` (the instance-level option), silently discarding any `RenderOptions.ownPropertyOnly` override that was supplied to `parseAndRender()`. As a result, a developer who runs a Liquid instance with the backwards-compatible `ownPropertyOnly:false` and then locks down an untrusted render with `parseAndRender(..., { ownPropertyOnly: true })` still leaks prototype-chain properties from inside any `{% render %}` partial. This is a distinct exploit surface from the previously identified array-filter variants (`where`, `reject`, `group_by`, `find`, `find_index`, `has`) — the underlying root cause in `Context.spawn()` is shared, but `{% render %}` is a separately reachable sink that needs no filter usage.\n\n## Details\n\nThe bug is in `Context.spawn()`:\n\n```ts\n// src/context/context.ts:105-114\npublic spawn (scope = {}) {\n  return new Context(scope, this.opts, {\n    sync: this.sync,\n    globals: this.globals,\n    strictVariables: this.strictVariables\n    // <-- ownPropertyOnly is missing here\n  }, {\n    renderLimit: this.renderLimit,\n    memoryLimit: this.memoryLimit\n  })\n}\n```\n\nThe constructor resolves `ownPropertyOnly` as:\n\n```ts\n// src/context/context.ts:47\nthis.ownPropertyOnly = renderOptions.ownPropertyOnly ?? opts.ownPropertyOnly\n```\n\nBecause `spawn()` passes a `RenderOptions` object with no `ownPropertyOnly`, the child context falls back to `opts.ownPropertyOnly` (the instance-level option), throwing away any per-render override that the parent context had applied. `this.opts` is the raw normalized instance options object; it is not mutated to reflect render-time overrides.\n\nThe `{% render %}` tag at `src/tags/render.ts:51-77` calls `spawn()` to build the partial's isolated scope:\n\n```ts\n* render (ctx: Context, emitter: Emitter): Generator<unknown, void, unknown> {\n  const { liquid, hash } = this\n  const filepath = (yield renderFilePath(this['file'], ctx, liquid)) as string\n  assert(filepath, () => `illegal file path \"${filepath}\"`)\n\n  const childCtx = ctx.spawn()                    // <-- ownPropertyOnly lost here\n  const scope = childCtx.bottom()\n  __assign(scope, yield hash.render(ctx))\n  ...\n  const templates = (yield liquid._parsePartialFile(filepath, childCtx.sync, this['currentFile'])) as Template[]\n  yield liquid.renderer.renderTemplates(templates, childCtx, emitter)\n}\n```\n\nAll template variable lookups inside the partial then go through `childCtx.readProperty()` (`src/context/context.ts:123-135`), which calls `readJSProperty(obj, key, this.ownPropertyOnly)`. With `childCtx.ownPropertyOnly === false` (inherited from `opts`), the protective check at `src/context/context.ts:138-141` is skipped and prototype-chain properties are returned to the template:\n\n```ts\nexport function readJSProperty (obj: Scope, key: PropertyKey, ownPropertyOnly: boolean) {\n  if (ownPropertyOnly && !hasOwnProperty.call(obj, key) && !(obj instanceof Drop)) return undefined\n  return obj[key]\n}\n```\n\nThe `{% include %}` tag is **not** affected: it does not call `spawn()`; it pushes onto the parent context's scope stack (`src/tags/include.ts:40`), so the parent's resolved `ownPropertyOnly` continues to apply.\n\nTrust model / why this matters: `RenderOptions.ownPropertyOnly` is documented (`src/liquid-options.ts:108-111`) as \"Same as `ownPropertyOnly` on LiquidOptions, but only for current `render()` call\". It exists precisely so that developers running a non-strict instance can lock down individual untrusted renders. That contract is broken — the override is silently dropped at every partial boundary.\n\n## PoC\n\n```bash\nmkdir -p /tmp/render-poc\nprintf '{{ user.passwordHash }}' > /tmp/render-poc/_user.liquid\n\nnode -e \"\nconst { Liquid } = require('./dist/liquid.node.js');\nconst liquid = new Liquid({ ownPropertyOnly: false, root: '/tmp/render-poc' });\n\nclass User { constructor(n){ this.name = n; } }\nUser.prototype.passwordHash = 'bcrypt\\$secret';\nconst u = new User('alice');\n\nliquid.parseAndRender(\n  'Direct:[{{ user.passwordHash }}] Render:[{% render \\\"_user.liquid\\\", user: user %}]',\n  { user: u },\n  { ownPropertyOnly: true }\n).then(console.log);\n\"\n```\n\nVerified output on liquidjs 10.25.7:\n\n```\nDirect:[] Render:[bcrypt$secret]\n```\n\nThe top-level expression `{{ user.passwordHash }}` is correctly blocked by the per-render `ownPropertyOnly:true`, but the same expression inside the partial loaded by `{% render %}` returns the prototype-chain property — proof that `Context.spawn()` discarded the override.\n\n## Impact\n\n- **Information disclosure**: Any prototype-chain property of objects passed into a `{% render %}` partial — including secrets, hashes, internal state, framework-injected helpers — becomes readable from inside the partial template, even when the developer used the documented per-render lockdown.\n- **Realistic threat model**: Applications that maintain `ownPropertyOnly:false` for backwards compatibility (or because their data layer relies on prototype methods) and lock down untrusted-template renders with `parseAndRender(..., { ownPropertyOnly:true })` are protected at the top level but silently exposed inside any partial. User-controllable template content (CMS snippets, theme partials, email templates) that uses `{% render %}` becomes an info-leak primitive.\n- **Distinct from existing CVE-2022-25948**: the prior advisory only covered direct use of `ownPropertyOnly:false`; this is a failure of the documented mitigation (`ownPropertyOnly:true` per-render override), not a missing setting.\n- **Distinct from the array-filter variant**: same `spawn()` root cause, but exploitable without invoking `where/reject/group_by/find/find_index/has` — only requires that the template uses `{% render %}` (a basic templating feature) and that one of the rendered values has prototype-chain properties.\n\n## Recommended Fix\n\nPropagate `ownPropertyOnly` (and any other security-relevant render options) inside `Context.spawn()`:\n\n```ts\n// src/context/context.ts\npublic spawn (scope = {}) {\n  return new Context(scope, this.opts, {\n    sync: this.sync,\n    globals: this.globals,\n    strictVariables: this.strictVariables,\n    ownPropertyOnly: this.ownPropertyOnly   // <-- propagate resolved per-render value\n  }, {\n    renderLimit: this.renderLimit,\n    memoryLimit: this.memoryLimit\n  })\n}\n```\n\nPassing `this.ownPropertyOnly` (the resolved value, not `this.opts.ownPropertyOnly`) ensures any `RenderOptions.ownPropertyOnly` override flows into spawned child contexts. This single change closes both the `{% render %}` pathway documented here and the array-filter pathway tracked separately. A regression test should assert that a partial rendered via `{% render %}` honours `parseAndRender(..., { ownPropertyOnly: true })` against an object with prototype-chain properties.","state":0,"publishedAt":"2026-05-27T00:28:06+00:00","modifiedAt":"2026-10-27T15:15:07.9849437+00:00","affected":[{"ecosystem":"npm","name":"liquidjs","ranges":[{"type":"SEMVER","events":[{"kind":"introduced","version":"0"},{"kind":"fixed","version":"10.26.0"}]}],"versions":[],"rawVersionEvidence":null}],"metrics":[{"system":"CVSS_V3","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N","score":null,"severity":null},{"system":"Publisher rating","vector":null,"score":null,"severity":"MODERATE"}],"references":["https://github.com/harttle/liquidjs/security/advisories/GHSA-9x9p-qf8f-mvjg","https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-44646","https://github.com/harttle/liquidjs/commit/dbbf6288030591bf6da28d8c1cce5a17bca97bb6","https://github.com/harttle/liquidjs","https://github.com/harttle/liquidjs/blob/v10.26.0/CHANGELOG.md","https://github.com/harttle/liquidjs/releases/tag/v10.26.0"],"sourceUrl":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-9x9p-qf8f-mvjg","license":"GitHub Advisory Database · CC-BY-4.0","key":"osv:GHSA-9x9p-qf8f-mvjg","identifiers":["GHSA-9x9p-qf8f-mvjg","CVE-2026-44646"]},"retained":false,"historicalAffected":[]}],"coverage":[{"source":"cisa-kev:global","scope":"Complete CISA KEV catalog; all vendors. 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