{"id":"EUVD-2026-77624","revision":null,"records":[{"revision":"18d0d000b50e486da7689fe5a748e48e","observedAt":"2026-10-23T15:48:27.903+00:00","statement":{"source":"cve-program","id":"CVE-2026-54156","aliases":[],"title":"node-opcua: Unbounded nonce cache enables unauthenticated heap exhaustion DoS","description":"node-opcua is an OPC UA implementation for TypeScript and Node.js. Prior to 2.166.0, the process-global g_alreadyUsedNonce cache used by nonceAlreadyBeenUsed in packages/node-opcua-secure-channel/source/server/server_secure_channel_layer.ts records nonces from OpenSecureChannelRequest and CreateSession without expiration or a size limit. An unauthenticated remote attacker can repeatedly create sessions with unique nonces, causing entries to persist after session expiry and accumulate across connection cycles even when maxSessions=10 limits concurrent sessions. The resulting unbounded heap growth can exhaust the default Node.js heap and crash the node-opcua server process. This issue is fixed in version 2.166.0.","state":0,"publishedAt":"2026-09-14T16:09:07.744+00:00","modifiedAt":"2026-09-14T16:35:48.958+00:00","affected":[{"ecosystem":"Vendor product","name":"node-opcua","ranges":[],"versions":[],"rawVersionEvidence":"{\n                    \"vendor\": \"node-opcua\",\n                    \"product\": \"node-opcua\",\n                    \"versions\": [\n                        {\n                            \"version\": \"< 2.166.0\",\n                            \"status\": \"affected\"\n                        }\n                    ]\n                }"}],"metrics":[{"system":"CVSS 3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","score":7.5,"severity":"HIGH"}],"references":["https://github.com/node-opcua/node-opcua/security/advisories/GHSA-6wvw-vrw4-363w","https://github.com/node-opcua/node-opcua/commit/b82c2939fe9c658de58da993f2798ec5481d7313","https://github.com/node-opcua/node-opcua/releases/tag/v2.166.0"],"sourceUrl":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-54156","license":"CVE Program Terms of Use","key":"cve-program:CVE-2026-54156","identifiers":["CVE-2026-54156"]},"retained":false,"historicalAffected":[]},{"revision":"f7ddf07e93e047a3bb7b3e95f47506ea","observedAt":"2026-11-11T13:59:00.912+00:00","statement":{"source":"euvd","id":"EUVD-2026-77624","aliases":["CVE-2026-54156","GHSA-6wvw-vrw4-363w"],"title":"node-opcua is an OPC UA implementation for TypeScript and Node.js. Prior to 2.166.0, the process-global g_alreadyUsedNonce cache used by nonceAlreadyBeenUsed in packages/node-opcua-secure-channel/source/server/server_secure_channel_layer.ts…","description":"node-opcua is an OPC UA implementation for TypeScript and Node.js. Prior to 2.166.0, the process-global g_alreadyUsedNonce cache used by nonceAlreadyBeenUsed in packages/node-opcua-secure-channel/source/server/server_secure_channel_layer.ts records nonces from OpenSecureChannelRequest and CreateSession without expiration or a size limit. An unauthenticated remote attacker can repeatedly create sessions with unique nonces, causing entries to persist after session expiry and accumulate across connection cycles even when maxSessions=10 limits concurrent sessions. The resulting unbounded heap growth can exhaust the default Node.js heap and crash the node-opcua server process. This issue is fixed in version 2.166.0.","state":0,"publishedAt":null,"modifiedAt":null,"affected":[],"metrics":[{"system":"EUVD CVSS 3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","score":7.5,"severity":null}],"references":["https://github.com/node-opcua/node-opcua/security/advisories/GHSA-6wvw-vrw4-363w","https://github.com/node-opcua/node-opcua/commit/b82c2939fe9c658de58da993f2798ec5481d7313","https://github.com/node-opcua/node-opcua/releases/tag/v2.166.0"],"sourceUrl":"https://euvd.enisa.europa.eu/vulnerability/EUVD-2026-77624","license":"ENISA EUVD · source terms and attribution apply","enrichment":{"sourceStatus":null,"weaknesses":[],"productCriteria":[],"sourceDates":{"datePublished":"Sep 14, 2026, 4:09:07 PM","dateUpdated":"Sep 14, 2026, 4:35:48 PM"},"relatedAdvisories":[],"note":"EUVD source date text has no stated timezone and is retained without inventing a UTC instant. Related bulletin membership is not an alias, common cause or applicability claim. A missing vector with a zero score is treated as unrated. Complete vendor/product and underlying source evidence remains in the original JSON."},"key":"euvd:EUVD-2026-77624","identifiers":["EUVD-2026-77624","CVE-2026-54156","GHSA-6wvw-vrw4-363w"]},"retained":false,"historicalAffected":[]},{"revision":"6f2eefaf18ef406f82efceff05582824","observedAt":"2026-10-25T13:17:22.268+00:00","statement":{"source":"nvd","id":"CVE-2026-54156","aliases":[],"title":"node-opcua is an OPC UA implementation for TypeScript and Node.js. Prior to 2.166.0, the process-global g_alreadyUsedNonce cache used by nonceAlreadyBeenUsed in packages/node-opcua-secure-channel/source/server/server_secure_channel_layer.ts…","description":"node-opcua is an OPC UA implementation for TypeScript and Node.js. Prior to 2.166.0, the process-global g_alreadyUsedNonce cache used by nonceAlreadyBeenUsed in packages/node-opcua-secure-channel/source/server/server_secure_channel_layer.ts records nonces from OpenSecureChannelRequest and CreateSession without expiration or a size limit. An unauthenticated remote attacker can repeatedly create sessions with unique nonces, causing entries to persist after session expiry and accumulate across connection cycles even when maxSessions=10 limits concurrent sessions. The resulting unbounded heap growth can exhaust the default Node.js heap and crash the node-opcua server process. This issue is fixed in version 2.166.0.","state":0,"publishedAt":"2026-09-14T17:17:46.927+00:00","modifiedAt":"2026-09-30T19:38:27.293+00:00","affected":[],"metrics":[{"system":"CVSS 3.1 · security-advisories@github.com · Secondary","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","score":7.5,"severity":"HIGH"}],"references":["https://github.com/node-opcua/node-opcua/commit/b82c2939fe9c658de58da993f2798ec5481d7313","https://github.com/node-opcua/node-opcua/releases/tag/v2.166.0","https://github.com/node-opcua/node-opcua/security/advisories/GHSA-6wvw-vrw4-363w"],"sourceUrl":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-54156","license":"NIST NVD usage terms; underlying source attribution retained","enrichment":{"sourceStatus":"Awaiting Analysis","weaknesses":["CWE-770"],"productCriteria":[],"sourceDates":{"published":"2026-09-14T17:17:46.927","lastModified":"2026-09-30T19:38:27.293"},"relatedAdvisories":[],"note":"NVD analysis and CPE criteria are source context, not proof that a package or your environment is affected. Complete affected data, logical configurations and SSVC are retained in the original JSON."},"key":"nvd:CVE-2026-54156","identifiers":["CVE-2026-54156"]},"retained":false,"historicalAffected":[]},{"revision":"961df81fff2b40bbb70adf7c7d44e4f2","observedAt":"2026-10-24T13:17:17.793+00:00","statement":{"source":"osv","id":"GHSA-6wvw-vrw4-363w","aliases":["CVE-2026-54156"],"title":"node-opcua: Unbounded nonce cache enables unauthenticated heap exhaustion DoS","description":"**Summary**\nA process-global nonce cache with no eviction policy allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to exhaust server heap memory by repeatedly opening sessions, causing the node-opcua server process to crash.\n\n**Affected versions:** <= 2.165.0\n**Tested version:** 2.165.0\n**CVSS Score:** 7.5 (High)\n**CVSS Vector:** CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H\n**CWE:** CWE-770 Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling\n\n---\n\n**Root Cause**\n\nIn `packages/node-opcua-secure-channel/source/server/server_secure_channel_layer.ts` at line 156, `g_alreadyUsedNonce` is a process-global object used to track previously seen nonces for replay detection. Entries are added on every `OpenSecureChannelRequest` and every `CreateSession` request but are never removed or expired.\n\nAn unauthenticated attacker can exploit the `CreateSession` path (which requires no certificate) to accumulate nonce entries indefinitely. Even with `maxSessions=10` limiting concurrent sessions, nonces persist after session expiry, allowing slow but reliable heap exhaustion across repeated connection cycles.\n\n---\n\n**Measured Impact**\n\nDynamically confirmed heap growth:\n- 5,000 unique nonces → +1.23 MB resident heap, no eviction after explicit GC\n- Projected: 10^6 nonces → ~246 MB resident heap\n- Achievable OOM on default Node.js heap limits\n\n---\n\n**Suggested Fix**\n\nAdd a TTL-based eviction policy to `g_alreadyUsedNonce`. Nonces should be expired after the maximum session timeout (or a reasonable fixed window, e.g. 1 hour). A Map with timestamp entries and periodic cleanup is sufficient.\n\n---\n\nI am following a 90-day responsible disclosure policy. I am happy to provide additional technical details under embargo. Please confirm receipt at your earliest convenience.\n\nReporter: Stanley Tobias\nDiscovery date: 2026-03-23","state":0,"publishedAt":"2026-08-20T18:35:41+00:00","modifiedAt":"2026-08-27T19:15:07.0900815+00:00","affected":[{"ecosystem":"npm","name":"node-opcua","ranges":[{"type":"SEMVER","events":[{"kind":"introduced","version":"0"},{"kind":"fixed","version":"2.166.0"}]}],"versions":[],"rawVersionEvidence":null}],"metrics":[{"system":"CVSS_V3","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","score":null,"severity":null},{"system":"Publisher rating","vector":null,"score":null,"severity":"HIGH"}],"references":["https://github.com/node-opcua/node-opcua/security/advisories/GHSA-6wvw-vrw4-363w","https://github.com/node-opcua/node-opcua/commit/b82c2939fe9c658de58da993f2798ec5481d7313","https://github.com/node-opcua/node-opcua","https://github.com/node-opcua/node-opcua/releases/tag/v2.166.0"],"sourceUrl":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-6wvw-vrw4-363w","license":"GitHub Advisory Database · CC-BY-4.0","key":"osv:GHSA-6wvw-vrw4-363w","identifiers":["GHSA-6wvw-vrw4-363w","CVE-2026-54156"]},"retained":false,"historicalAffected":[]}],"coverage":[{"source":"cisa-kev:global","scope":"Complete CISA KEV catalog; all vendors. Missing entries do not establish absence of exploitation.","generation":"2026-11-12T02:56:45.8822264+00:00","complete":true,"records":1779,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-12T02:56:45.8822264+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-12T02:56:46.0427292+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-12T02:56:46.0427301+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":null,"importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null},{"source":"cve-program","scope":"Official CVE Program baseline and cumulative hourly delta; all vendors, published and rejected records","generation":"cve-64752486c567b55b31fb0d7225f5222bcd0019564ac0ac5f0649e242c7b19299-c8f0a5eb97b437649f83f6fe632ec849fcb249052407d33e475e82c88b318dfb","complete":true,"records":424535,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-12T02:56:45.3610802+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-12T02:56:45.341976+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-12T02:56:45.3610802+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":"2026-11-12T02:25:26+00:00","importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null},{"source":"euvd","scope":"Rolling EUVD lookups of CVE aliases in current public OSV archives; 500 identifiers per refresh, rechecked after 48 hours. Not a global EUVD catalog. Successful not-found lookups count as checked; they do not imply withdrawal or safety. No reader inventory is sent.","generation":"enrichment-3bce114846604d92838a2dc302341627","complete":false,"records":13760,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-12T03:06:53.8778262+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-12T03:06:52.8+00:00","error":"754 identifier lookups failed; latest failures include AccessDenied (HTTP 403). Other identifiers were checked independently.","lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-12T03:06:52.8+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":null,"importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":13040,"expectedIdentifiers":13813,"failedIdentifiers":754},{"source":"first-epss:nuget","scope":"FIRST EPSS for explicit CVE aliases in the collected public NuGet archive. Not a global EPSS backfill.","generation":"2026-11-12T02:56:45.8822264+00:00","complete":true,"records":1097,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-12T02:56:45.8822264+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-12T02:56:46.0434469+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-12T02:56:46.0434471+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":null,"importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null},{"source":"nvd","scope":"Rolling NVD lookups of CVE aliases in current public OSV archives; 500 identifiers per refresh, rechecked after 48 hours. Not a global NVD catalog. Successful not-found lookups count as checked; they do not imply withdrawal or safety. No reader inventory is sent.","generation":"enrichment-729a419ccc5f41d8a3330c7c6e8b6a5e","complete":true,"records":13760,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-12T02:57:11.7691852+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-12T02:57:11.766+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-12T02:57:11.766+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":null,"importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":13813,"expectedIdentifiers":13813,"failedIdentifiers":0},{"source":"osv:Go","scope":"Complete OSV Go ecosystem archive, including withdrawn and malicious-package source records; statement counts are not unique CVE counts","generation":"go-3562b6c78fd1bd0f0b55daf66a0926ae24f65e462df7f6d928caad458fc696bf","complete":true,"records":9947,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-12T02:56:45.7363501+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-11T04:27:43.6877707+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-12T02:56:45.7363501+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":"2026-11-11T03:32:46+00:00","importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null},{"source":"osv:NuGet","scope":"Complete OSV NuGet ecosystem archive, including GitHub Advisory Database records; NuGet version matching only","generation":"nuget-456002455e0ab94bb92c95476d4e6d175c104cd594749982afd96c893728ecbc","complete":true,"records":2010,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-12T02:56:45.5271491+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-11T02:36:58.1276999+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-12T02:56:45.5271491+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":"2026-11-11T01:17:51+00:00","importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null},{"source":"osv:crates.io","scope":"Complete OSV crates.io ecosystem archive, including withdrawn and malicious-package source records; statement counts are not unique CVE counts","generation":"crates.io-baa8362b4daf9e5f39d5563775a55935e7b442c0735d33274a921579ce4a0d66","complete":true,"records":3093,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-12T02:56:45.8443473+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-11T13:00:02.5446881+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-12T02:56:45.8443473+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":"2026-11-11T12:47:47+00:00","importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null},{"source":"osv:npm","scope":"Complete OSV npm ecosystem archive, including withdrawn and malicious-package source records; statement counts are not unique CVE counts","generation":"npm-685fe7fb2b690656c910a1ea42a9d294e8353311ac8ecfa691a9b0ff1b328804","complete":true,"records":231695,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-12T02:56:45.6384803+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-11T21:58:47.7265713+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-12T02:56:45.6384803+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":"2026-11-11T21:48:35+00:00","importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null}]}