{"id":"GHSA-2vc4-c4r6-p6v6","revision":null,"records":[{"revision":"19966e45550142fd91e27fdd02fc9d99","observedAt":"2026-10-23T15:48:27.903+00:00","statement":{"source":"cve-program","id":"CVE-2026-100409","aliases":[],"title":"OpenNext Cloudflare: Cache interception can bypass middleware protection for encoded paths","description":"OpenNext Cloudflare is an open Next.js adapter for Cloudflare. From 0.3.0 until 1.20.2, applications that enable enableCacheInterception, rely on middleware for access control, and have a matching cached protected route process encoded pathnames inconsistently between middleware matching and cache lookup. An unauthenticated attacker can use a percent-encoded pathname that does not match authorization middleware but decodes to the cache key of a protected route, causing cached content to be returned without authorization. Malformed encodings can also be partially decoded, allowing cache lookup to continue with a pathname that middleware did not evaluate consistently. This issue is fixed in version 1.20.2.","state":0,"publishedAt":"2026-10-15T16:57:50.999+00:00","modifiedAt":"2026-10-15T17:50:33.255+00:00","affected":[{"ecosystem":"Vendor product","name":"opennextjs-cloudflare","ranges":[],"versions":[],"rawVersionEvidence":"{\n                    \"vendor\": \"opennextjs\",\n                    \"product\": \"opennextjs-cloudflare\",\n                    \"versions\": [\n                        {\n                            \"version\": \">= 0.3.0, < 1.20.2\",\n                            \"status\": \"affected\"\n                        }\n                    ]\n                }"}],"metrics":[{"system":"CVSS 3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N","score":7.5,"severity":"HIGH"}],"references":["https://github.com/opennextjs/opennextjs-cloudflare/security/advisories/GHSA-2vc4-c4r6-p6v6","https://github.com/opennextjs/opennextjs-aws/pull/1199","https://github.com/opennextjs/opennextjs-aws/pull/1200","https://github.com/opennextjs/opennextjs-cloudflare/commit/38ea40b669be272ddf09a7df7e70c69d0b57404b","https://github.com/opennextjs/opennextjs-cloudflare/releases/tag/@opennextjs/cloudflare@1.20.2"],"sourceUrl":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-100409","license":"CVE Program Terms of Use","key":"cve-program:CVE-2026-100409","identifiers":["CVE-2026-100409"]},"retained":false,"historicalAffected":[]},{"revision":"bd2dc9fb7793442f8c814e130fe3b479","observedAt":"2026-11-09T04:15:23.504+00:00","statement":{"source":"euvd","id":"EUVD-2026-102200","aliases":["CVE-2026-100409","GHSA-2vc4-c4r6-p6v6"],"title":"OpenNext Cloudflare is an open Next.js adapter for Cloudflare. From 0.3.0 until 1.20.2, applications that enable enableCacheInterception, rely on middleware for access control, and have a matching cached protected route process encoded path…","description":"OpenNext Cloudflare is an open Next.js adapter for Cloudflare. From 0.3.0 until 1.20.2, applications that enable enableCacheInterception, rely on middleware for access control, and have a matching cached protected route process encoded pathnames inconsistently between middleware matching and cache lookup. An unauthenticated attacker can use a percent-encoded pathname that does not match authorization middleware but decodes to the cache key of a protected route, causing cached content to be returned without authorization. Malformed encodings can also be partially decoded, allowing cache lookup to continue with a pathname that middleware did not evaluate consistently. This issue is fixed in version 1.20.2.","state":0,"publishedAt":null,"modifiedAt":null,"affected":[],"metrics":[{"system":"EUVD CVSS 3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N","score":7.5,"severity":null}],"references":["https://github.com/opennextjs/opennextjs-cloudflare/security/advisories/GHSA-2vc4-c4r6-p6v6","https://github.com/opennextjs/opennextjs-aws/pull/1199","https://github.com/opennextjs/opennextjs-aws/pull/1200","https://github.com/opennextjs/opennextjs-cloudflare/commit/38ea40b669be272ddf09a7df7e70c69d0b57404b","https://github.com/opennextjs/opennextjs-cloudflare/releases/tag/@opennextjs/cloudflare@1.20.2"],"sourceUrl":"https://euvd.enisa.europa.eu/vulnerability/EUVD-2026-102200","license":"ENISA EUVD · source terms and attribution apply","enrichment":{"sourceStatus":null,"weaknesses":[],"productCriteria":[],"sourceDates":{"datePublished":"Oct 15, 2026, 4:57:50 PM","dateUpdated":"Oct 15, 2026, 5:50:33 PM"},"relatedAdvisories":[],"note":"EUVD source date text has no stated timezone and is retained without inventing a UTC instant. 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From 0.3.0 until 1.20.2, applications that enable enableCacheInterception, rely on middleware for access control, and have a matching cached protected route process encoded pathnames inconsistently between middleware matching and cache lookup. An unauthenticated attacker can use a percent-encoded pathname that does not match authorization middleware but decodes to the cache key of a protected route, causing cached content to be returned without authorization. Malformed encodings can also be partially decoded, allowing cache lookup to continue with a pathname that middleware did not evaluate consistently. This issue is fixed in version 1.20.2.","state":0,"publishedAt":"2026-10-15T17:17:07.923+00:00","modifiedAt":"2026-10-16T20:04:29.76+00:00","affected":[],"metrics":[{"system":"CVSS 3.1 · security-advisories@github.com · Secondary","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N","score":7.5,"severity":"HIGH"}],"references":["https://github.com/opennextjs/opennextjs-aws/pull/1199","https://github.com/opennextjs/opennextjs-aws/pull/1200","https://github.com/opennextjs/opennextjs-cloudflare/commit/38ea40b669be272ddf09a7df7e70c69d0b57404b","https://github.com/opennextjs/opennextjs-cloudflare/releases/tag/@opennextjs/cloudflare@1.20.2","https://github.com/opennextjs/opennextjs-cloudflare/security/advisories/GHSA-2vc4-c4r6-p6v6"],"sourceUrl":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-100409","license":"NIST NVD usage terms; underlying source attribution retained","enrichment":{"sourceStatus":"Deferred","weaknesses":["CWE-177","CWE-180"],"productCriteria":[],"sourceDates":{"published":"2026-10-15T17:17:07.923","lastModified":"2026-10-16T20:04:29.760"},"relatedAdvisories":[],"note":"NVD analysis and CPE criteria are source context, not proof that a package or your environment is affected. Complete affected data, logical configurations and SSVC are retained in the original JSON."},"key":"nvd:CVE-2026-100409","identifiers":["CVE-2026-100409"]},"retained":false,"historicalAffected":[]},{"revision":"2d88e2128e75495ea350e35896512775","observedAt":"2026-10-24T13:17:17.793+00:00","statement":{"source":"osv","id":"GHSA-2vc4-c4r6-p6v6","aliases":["CVE-2026-100409"],"title":"OpenNext Cloudflare: Cache interception can bypass middleware protection for encoded paths","description":"## Summary\n\nWhen cache interception is enabled, `@opennextjs/cloudflare` can interpret percent-encoded paths differently during middleware matching and cache lookup.\n\nAn encoded request may fail to match authorization middleware, then be decoded into the cache key of a protected route. The cached response may consequently be returned without invoking the middleware.\n\n`enableCacheInterception` is disabled by default.\n\n## Impact\n\nA remote unauthenticated attacker may retrieve cached content from routes intended to be protected by middleware.\n\nAn application is affected when it:\n\n- explicitly enables `enableCacheInterception`;\n- relies on middleware for access control; and\n- has a matching cached route.\n\n## Details\n\nMiddleware matching previously used the encoded request pathname, while cache interception decoded the pathname before selecting a cache entry.\n\nFor example, consider an application with:\n\n- middleware matcher `/admin/:path*`;\n- middleware returning `401 Authentication required` for `/admin`;\n- a statically generated, cached `/admin` route; and\n- cache interception enabled:\n\n```ts\nexport default defineCloudflareConfig({\n  incrementalCache: staticAssetsIncrementalCache,\n  enableCacheInterception: true,\n});\n```\n\nAn attacker can request:\n\n```http\nGET /%61dmin\n```\n\nThe encoded pathname does not match `/admin/:path*`, so the authorization middleware is not invoked. Cache interception then decodes `%61dmin` to `admin` and may return the cached `/admin` response:\n\n```http\nHTTP/1.1 200 OK\nx-opennext-cache: HIT\n\nProtected content\n```\n\nMalformed paths exposed an additional inconsistency. For example:\n\n```http\nGET /%61dmin/%ZZ\n```\n\nThe previous implementation decoded each segment independently. It decoded `%61dmin` to `admin` but retained the malformed `%ZZ` segment, allowing cache lookup to continue using a partially decoded pathname.\n\n## Patches\n\nThe fix aligns encoded-path handling across middleware matching and cache lookup, and rejects malformed paths instead of partially decoding them. See the upstream fixes in [opennextjs-aws#1199](https://github.com/opennextjs/opennextjs-aws/pull/1199) and [opennextjs-aws#1200](https://github.com/opennextjs/opennextjs-aws/pull/1200).\n\nUsers should upgrade to `@opennextjs/cloudflare@1.20.2` or later.\n\n## Workarounds\n\nIf upgrading is not immediately possible for an application:\n\n1. Disable cache interception by removing `enableCacheInterception: true`.\n2. Enforce authorization inside protected route handlers rather than relying exclusively on middleware.\n3. Reject encoded paths for protected routes at a trusted proxy before they reach the Worker.\n\nAdding individual encoded matcher variants is not a complete workaround because pathnames can have multiple equivalent encodings.","state":0,"publishedAt":"2026-10-15T20:15:17+00:00","modifiedAt":"2026-10-15T20:30:05.34967+00:00","affected":[{"ecosystem":"npm","name":"@opennextjs/cloudflare","ranges":[{"type":"SEMVER","events":[{"kind":"introduced","version":"0.3.0"},{"kind":"fixed","version":"1.20.2"}]}],"versions":[],"rawVersionEvidence":null}],"metrics":[{"system":"CVSS_V3","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N","score":null,"severity":null},{"system":"Publisher rating","vector":null,"score":null,"severity":"HIGH"}],"references":["https://github.com/opennextjs/opennextjs-cloudflare/security/advisories/GHSA-2vc4-c4r6-p6v6","https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-100409","https://github.com/opennextjs/opennextjs-aws/pull/1199","https://github.com/opennextjs/opennextjs-aws/pull/1200","https://github.com/opennextjs/opennextjs-cloudflare/commit/38ea40b669be272ddf09a7df7e70c69d0b57404b","https://github.com/opennextjs/opennextjs-cloudflare","https://github.com/opennextjs/opennextjs-cloudflare/releases/tag/@opennextjs/cloudflare@1.20.2"],"sourceUrl":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-2vc4-c4r6-p6v6","license":"GitHub Advisory Database · CC-BY-4.0","key":"osv:GHSA-2vc4-c4r6-p6v6","identifiers":["GHSA-2vc4-c4r6-p6v6","CVE-2026-100409"]},"retained":false,"historicalAffected":[]}],"coverage":[{"source":"cisa-kev:global","scope":"Complete CISA KEV catalog; all vendors. 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