{"id":"GHSA-94rc-8x27-4472","revision":null,"records":[{"revision":"f4479b8925474acb9a432128a668faf0","observedAt":"2026-10-23T15:48:27.903+00:00","statement":{"source":"cve-program","id":"CVE-2026-54270","aliases":[],"title":"protobufjs: Memory amplification from preserved unknown fields in binary decode","description":"protobufjs compiles protobuf definitions into JavaScript (JS) functions. From 8.2.0 to 8.4.2, protobufjs preserved unknown wire elements in message.$unknowns and did not provide a decode-time option to discard unknown fields before retaining them. A crafted protobuf payload containing many unknown fields could therefore cause a decoded message to retain substantially more memory than the input size would suggest, even when unknown-field round-tripping is not needed. protobufjs 8.5.0 added the relevant decode-time options, allowing applications that decode untrusted protobuf data to disable unknown-field retention during decode. protobufjs 8.6.2 flips the default so unknown fields are discarded unless explicitly opted into.","state":0,"publishedAt":"2026-06-22T16:19:20.449+00:00","modifiedAt":"2026-06-23T16:09:51.638+00:00","affected":[{"ecosystem":"Vendor product","name":"protobuf.js","ranges":[],"versions":[],"rawVersionEvidence":"{\n                    \"vendor\": \"protobufjs\",\n                    \"product\": \"protobuf.js\",\n                    \"versions\": [\n                        {\n                            \"version\": \">=8.2.0, < 8.5.0\",\n                            \"status\": \"affected\"\n                        }\n                    ]\n                }"}],"metrics":[{"system":"CVSS 3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L","score":5.3,"severity":"MEDIUM"}],"references":["https://github.com/protobufjs/protobuf.js/security/advisories/GHSA-94rc-8x27-4472"],"sourceUrl":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-54270","license":"CVE Program Terms of Use","key":"cve-program:CVE-2026-54270","identifiers":["CVE-2026-54270"]},"retained":false,"historicalAffected":[]},{"revision":"cee31a1642144729bb5eef95487ad4fa","observedAt":"2026-11-07T12:29:00.432+00:00","statement":{"source":"euvd","id":"EUVD-2026-38305","aliases":["CVE-2026-54270","GHSA-94rc-8x27-4472"],"title":"protobufjs compiles protobuf definitions into JavaScript (JS) functions. 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Related bulletin membership is not an alias, common cause or applicability claim. A missing vector with a zero score is treated as unrated. Complete vendor/product and underlying source evidence remains in the original JSON."},"key":"euvd:EUVD-2026-38305","identifiers":["EUVD-2026-38305","CVE-2026-54270","GHSA-94rc-8x27-4472"]},"retained":false,"historicalAffected":[]},{"revision":"64be6a6e582f49908606683ed3121019","observedAt":"2026-10-27T14:13:32.924+00:00","statement":{"source":"nvd","id":"CVE-2026-54270","aliases":[],"title":"protobufjs compiles protobuf definitions into JavaScript (JS) functions. From 8.2.0 to 8.4.2, protobufjs preserved unknown wire elements in message.$unknowns and did not provide a decode-time option to discard unknown fields before retainin…","description":"protobufjs compiles protobuf definitions into JavaScript (JS) functions. From 8.2.0 to 8.4.2, protobufjs preserved unknown wire elements in message.$unknowns and did not provide a decode-time option to discard unknown fields before retaining them. A crafted protobuf payload containing many unknown fields could therefore cause a decoded message to retain substantially more memory than the input size would suggest, even when unknown-field round-tripping is not needed. protobufjs 8.5.0 added the relevant decode-time options, allowing applications that decode untrusted protobuf data to disable unknown-field retention during decode. protobufjs 8.6.2 flips the default so unknown fields are discarded unless explicitly opted into.","state":0,"publishedAt":"2026-06-22T18:16:45.48+00:00","modifiedAt":"2026-10-25T23:10:00.167+00:00","affected":[],"metrics":[{"system":"CVSS 3.1 · security-advisories@github.com · Secondary","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L","score":5.3,"severity":"MEDIUM"}],"references":["https://github.com/protobufjs/protobuf.js/security/advisories/GHSA-94rc-8x27-4472"],"sourceUrl":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-54270","license":"NIST NVD usage terms; underlying source attribution retained","enrichment":{"sourceStatus":"Analyzed","weaknesses":["CWE-770"],"productCriteria":["cpe:2.3:a:protobufjs_project:protobufjs:*:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*"],"sourceDates":{"published":"2026-06-22T18:16:45.480","lastModified":"2026-10-25T23:10:00.167"},"relatedAdvisories":[],"note":"NVD analysis and CPE criteria are source context, not proof that a package or your environment is affected. Complete affected data, logical configurations and SSVC are retained in the original JSON."},"key":"nvd:CVE-2026-54270","identifiers":["CVE-2026-54270"]},"retained":false,"historicalAffected":[]},{"revision":"6f4b50e8c6174c90ad777779c9522348","observedAt":"2026-10-24T13:17:17.793+00:00","statement":{"source":"osv","id":"GHSA-94rc-8x27-4472","aliases":["CVE-2026-54270"],"title":"protobufjs: Memory amplification from preserved unknown fields in binary decode","description":"## Summary\n\nprotobufjs 8.2.0 added support for preserving unknown fields encountered during binary decode. Affected versions preserved unknown wire elements in `message.$unknowns` and did not provide a decode-time option to discard unknown fields before retaining them.\n\nA crafted protobuf payload containing many unknown fields could therefore cause a decoded message to retain substantially more memory than the input size would suggest, even when unknown-field round-tripping is not needed. protobufjs 8.5.0 added the relevant decode-time options, allowing applications that decode untrusted protobuf data to disable unknown-field retention during decode. protobufjs 8.6.2 flips the default so unknown fields are discarded unless explicitly opted into.\n\n## Impact\n\nAn attacker who can provide protobuf binary data decoded by an application using affected protobufjs versions may be able to increase memory pressure by sending messages with many unknown fields. This can degrade availability or contribute to process termination in services that decode and retain attacker-controlled messages.\n\nThis issue affects applications that decode untrusted protobuf binary input and do not need unknown-field round-tripping. Applications that only decode trusted protobuf data, already enforce input-size/concurrency limits, or do not retain decoded messages beyond immediate processing are less directly affected.\n\n## Preconditions\n\n* The application must decode protobuf binary data influenced by an attacker.\n* The decoded schema must not define the attacker-selected field numbers, causing those fields to be treated as unknown.\n* The application must use a protobufjs version that preserves unknown fields but does not provide a decode-time discard option.\n* The decoded message, or enough decoded messages concurrently, must remain live long enough for retained unknown-field data to affect memory usage.\n\n## Workarounds\n\nUpgrade to protobufjs 8.5.0 or newer and disable unknown-field preservation if not needed: Create a `Reader`, set `reader.discardUnknown = true`, and decode from that reader, or make this the default for subsequently created readers by setting `Reader.discardUnknown = true`. When upgrading to protobufjs 8.6.2 or newer, unknown fields are discarded by default unless opted into by setting `discardUnknown = false`.\n\nApplications should also continue to enforce input-size, request concurrency, and request timeout limits at their transport or application boundary.","state":0,"publishedAt":"2026-06-15T20:13:28+00:00","modifiedAt":"2026-09-10T03:50:49.0870484+00:00","affected":[{"ecosystem":"npm","name":"protobufjs","ranges":[{"type":"SEMVER","events":[{"kind":"introduced","version":"8.2.0"},{"kind":"fixed","version":"8.5.0"}]}],"versions":[],"rawVersionEvidence":null}],"metrics":[{"system":"CVSS_V3","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L","score":null,"severity":null},{"system":"Publisher rating","vector":null,"score":null,"severity":"MODERATE"}],"references":["https://github.com/protobufjs/protobuf.js/security/advisories/GHSA-94rc-8x27-4472","https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-54270","https://github.com/protobufjs/protobuf.js"],"sourceUrl":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-94rc-8x27-4472","license":"GitHub Advisory Database · CC-BY-4.0","key":"osv:GHSA-94rc-8x27-4472","identifiers":["GHSA-94rc-8x27-4472","CVE-2026-54270"]},"retained":false,"historicalAffected":[]}],"coverage":[{"source":"cisa-kev:global","scope":"Complete CISA KEV catalog; all vendors. Missing entries do not establish absence of exploitation.","generation":"2026-11-07T20:52:46.7845564+00:00","complete":true,"records":1769,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-07T20:52:46.7845564+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-07T20:52:46.9707302+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-07T20:52:46.9707321+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":null,"importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null},{"source":"cve-program","scope":"Official CVE Program baseline and cumulative hourly delta; all vendors, published and rejected records","generation":"cve-bb5c9d5a08063ef076042e33dd72a7d0ffa4c4487efdcf3106e29ba55ec2ad57-1766179264875bb4621a23ce4c6bcebec63fb794a16e35c2f5592f4ee300ee2e","complete":true,"records":420944,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-07T20:52:46.1142943+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-07T20:52:46.0341312+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-07T20:52:46.1142943+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":"2026-11-07T20:26:36+00:00","importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null},{"source":"euvd","scope":"Rolling EUVD lookups of CVE aliases in current public OSV archives; 500 identifiers per refresh, rechecked after 48 hours. Not a global EUVD catalog. Successful not-found lookups count as checked; they do not imply withdrawal or safety. No reader inventory is sent.","generation":"enrichment-cbfb00168958467aaa6015d5230faa08","complete":true,"records":13633,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-07T21:04:54.6100336+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-07T21:04:54.606+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-07T21:04:54.606+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":null,"importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":13685,"expectedIdentifiers":13685,"failedIdentifiers":0},{"source":"first-epss:nuget","scope":"FIRST EPSS for explicit CVE aliases in the collected public NuGet archive. Not a global EPSS backfill.","generation":"2026-11-07T20:52:46.7845564+00:00","complete":true,"records":1096,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-07T20:52:46.7845564+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-07T20:52:47.1482288+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-07T20:52:47.1482303+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":null,"importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null},{"source":"nvd","scope":"Rolling NVD lookups of CVE aliases in current public OSV archives; 500 identifiers per refresh, rechecked after 48 hours. Not a global NVD catalog. Successful not-found lookups count as checked; they do not imply withdrawal or safety. No reader inventory is sent.","generation":"enrichment-b9464f9c589b4886928e7045b5ad1e11","complete":true,"records":13645,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-07T20:52:54.6850231+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-07T20:52:54.68+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-07T20:52:54.68+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":null,"importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":13685,"expectedIdentifiers":13685,"failedIdentifiers":0},{"source":"osv:Go","scope":"Complete OSV Go ecosystem archive, including withdrawn and malicious-package source records; statement counts are not unique CVE counts","generation":"go-0eb4d6dde62dffacd040ad992d4fd5a65cd7d0dc5f5f4cfa8b41967fc6f9ca5f","complete":true,"records":9914,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-07T20:52:46.6024506+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-06T20:10:36.6450506+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-07T20:52:46.6024506+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":"2026-11-06T20:02:57+00:00","importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null},{"source":"osv:NuGet","scope":"Complete OSV NuGet ecosystem archive, including GitHub Advisory Database records; NuGet version matching only","generation":"nuget-fde804134ecdda0ddd5ff5c26ee1fff5a6fa659311f7ef2e51c6ad54964db0e2","complete":true,"records":1971,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-07T20:52:46.3552169+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-06T19:03:17.0399903+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-07T20:52:46.3552169+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":"2026-11-06T18:17:57+00:00","importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null},{"source":"osv:crates.io","scope":"Complete OSV crates.io ecosystem archive, including withdrawn and malicious-package source records; statement counts are not unique CVE counts","generation":"crates.io-335633e78a15c9cde10a6025895b5617717087fb945489ae7e15d377bacf34a9","complete":true,"records":3055,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-07T20:52:46.7261257+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-06T16:03:00.7615789+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-07T20:52:46.7261257+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":"2026-11-06T16:02:48+00:00","importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null},{"source":"osv:npm","scope":"Complete OSV npm ecosystem archive, including withdrawn and malicious-package source records; statement counts are not unique CVE counts","generation":"npm-40ad6183a951565ace1520a9b4d631e1d0bfb1d4bf7c5574c375032559f3ff53","complete":true,"records":231292,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-07T20:52:46.4923243+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-07T10:29:00.4821259+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-07T20:52:46.4923243+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":"2026-11-07T09:32:47+00:00","importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null}]}