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This issue is not exploitable by an anonymous attacker; it only manifests when a malformed claim value reaches `verify()` — typically when the application itself issues such tokens, or when the signing key is otherwise under attacker control.\n\n### Details\n\nThe validation routine combined option, presence, and threshold checks in a single short-circuiting expression, so several classes of malformed values were silently skipped instead of rejected:\n\n- A falsy numeric value short-circuited the presence check.\n- A non-finite numeric value compared as never-after-now and never-expired.\n- A non-numeric type produced NaN comparisons that evaluated false.\n\nThis deviates from RFC 7519 §4.1.4, which defines NumericDate as a finite JSON numeric value.\n\n### Impact\n\nAn actor able to issue tokens accepted by the application may craft tokens whose `exp`, `nbf`, or `iat` claims silently bypass time-based enforcement. This may lead to:\n\n- Tokens treated as never expiring even with `exp` configured on the verifier.\n- Tokens with a future `nbf` accepted as currently valid.\n- Tokens with a future `iat` accepted as legitimately issued.\n\nDeployments using a well-formed token issuer and protecting the signing key are not affected.","state":0,"publishedAt":"2026-05-09T00:45:19+00:00","modifiedAt":"2026-09-10T03:51:05.7869663+00:00","affected":[{"ecosystem":"npm","name":"hono","ranges":[{"type":"SEMVER","events":[{"kind":"introduced","version":"0"},{"kind":"fixed","version":"4.12.18"}]}],"versions":[],"rawVersionEvidence":null}],"metrics":[{"system":"CVSS_V3","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N","score":null,"severity":null},{"system":"Publisher rating","vector":null,"score":null,"severity":"LOW"}],"references":["https://github.com/honojs/hono/security/advisories/GHSA-hm8q-7f3q-5f36","https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-44459","https://github.com/honojs/hono"],"sourceUrl":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-hm8q-7f3q-5f36","license":"GitHub Advisory Database · CC-BY-4.0","key":"osv:GHSA-hm8q-7f3q-5f36","identifiers":["GHSA-hm8q-7f3q-5f36","CVE-2026-44459"]},"retained":false,"historicalAffected":[]}],"coverage":[{"source":"cisa-kev:global","scope":"Complete CISA KEV catalog; all vendors. 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