{"id":"GHSA-mgcp-mfp8-3q45","revision":null,"records":[{"revision":"1d71df2f15d24d33beecc9d9b0edc386","observedAt":"2026-10-23T15:48:27.903+00:00","statement":{"source":"cve-program","id":"CVE-2026-41885","aliases":[],"title":"Path traversal / URL injection via unsanitised lng/ns/projectId/version in i18next-locize-backend","description":"i18next-locize-backend is a simple i18next backend for locize.com which can be used in Node.js, in the browser and for Deno. Prior to version 9.0.2, i18next-locize-backend interpolates lng, ns, projectId, and version directly into the configured loadPath / privatePath / addPath / updatePath / getLanguagesPath URL templates with no path-component validation and no encoding. When an application exposes any of these values to user-controlled input (?lng= / ?ns= query parameters via i18next-browser-languagedetector, cookies, request headers, or a URL-derived projectId), a crafted value can change the structure of the outgoing request URL. Affected call sites in lib/index.js (pre-patch): the interpolate() helper is used at the five URL-build sites — _readAny/read (line 415 for private, 426 for public), getLanguages (lines 271 and 296), and writePage (lines 616 and 622) for the missing-key and update POST paths. The helper interpolate in lib/utils.js substitutes raw values with no encoding. This issue has been patched in version 9.0.2.","state":0,"publishedAt":"2026-05-08T15:41:14.065+00:00","modifiedAt":"2026-05-08T16:06:11.177+00:00","affected":[{"ecosystem":"Vendor product","name":"i18next-locize-backend","ranges":[],"versions":[],"rawVersionEvidence":"{\n                    \"vendor\": \"locize\",\n                    \"product\": \"i18next-locize-backend\",\n                    \"versions\": [\n                        {\n                            \"version\": \"< 9.0.2\",\n                            \"status\": \"affected\"\n                        }\n                    ]\n                }"}],"metrics":[{"system":"CVSS 3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N","score":6.5,"severity":"MEDIUM"}],"references":["https://github.com/locize/i18next-locize-backend/security/advisories/GHSA-mgcp-mfp8-3q45"],"sourceUrl":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-41885","license":"CVE Program Terms of Use","key":"cve-program:CVE-2026-41885","identifiers":["CVE-2026-41885"]},"retained":false,"historicalAffected":[]},{"revision":"50649c3b764c4d28b2af11ea1d17051a","observedAt":"2026-11-07T10:41:01.747+00:00","statement":{"source":"euvd","id":"EUVD-2026-28795","aliases":["CVE-2026-41885"],"title":"i18next-locize-backend is a simple i18next backend for locize.com which can be used in Node.js, in the browser and for Deno. Prior to version 9.0.2, i18next-locize-backend interpolates lng, ns, projectId, and version directly into the confi…","description":"i18next-locize-backend is a simple i18next backend for locize.com which can be used in Node.js, in the browser and for Deno. Prior to version 9.0.2, i18next-locize-backend interpolates lng, ns, projectId, and version directly into the configured loadPath / privatePath / addPath / updatePath / getLanguagesPath URL templates with no path-component validation and no encoding. When an application exposes any of these values to user-controlled input (?lng= / ?ns= query parameters via i18next-browser-languagedetector, cookies, request headers, or a URL-derived projectId), a crafted value can change the structure of the outgoing request URL. Affected call sites in lib/index.js (pre-patch): the interpolate() helper is used at the five URL-build sites — _readAny/read (line 415 for private, 426 for public), getLanguages (lines 271 and 296), and writePage (lines 616 and 622) for the missing-key and update POST paths. The helper interpolate in lib/utils.js substitutes raw values with no encoding. This issue has been patched in version 9.0.2.","state":0,"publishedAt":null,"modifiedAt":null,"affected":[],"metrics":[{"system":"EUVD CVSS 3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N","score":6.5,"severity":null}],"references":["https://github.com/locize/i18next-locize-backend/security/advisories/GHSA-mgcp-mfp8-3q45"],"sourceUrl":"https://euvd.enisa.europa.eu/vulnerability/EUVD-2026-28795","license":"ENISA EUVD · source terms and attribution apply","enrichment":{"sourceStatus":null,"weaknesses":[],"productCriteria":[],"sourceDates":{"datePublished":"May 8, 2026, 3:41:14 PM","dateUpdated":"May 8, 2026, 4:06:11 PM"},"relatedAdvisories":[],"note":"EUVD source date text has no stated timezone and is retained without inventing a UTC instant. Related bulletin membership is not an alias, common cause or applicability claim. A missing vector with a zero score is treated as unrated. Complete vendor/product and underlying source evidence remains in the original JSON."},"key":"euvd:EUVD-2026-28795","identifiers":["EUVD-2026-28795","CVE-2026-41885"]},"retained":false,"historicalAffected":[]},{"revision":"33bc8989ae004651b990b0d3b4a72520","observedAt":"2026-10-27T10:10:19.004+00:00","statement":{"source":"nvd","id":"CVE-2026-41885","aliases":[],"title":"i18next-locize-backend is a simple i18next backend for locize.com which can be used in Node.js, in the browser and for Deno. Prior to version 9.0.2, i18next-locize-backend interpolates lng, ns, projectId, and version directly into the confi…","description":"i18next-locize-backend is a simple i18next backend for locize.com which can be used in Node.js, in the browser and for Deno. Prior to version 9.0.2, i18next-locize-backend interpolates lng, ns, projectId, and version directly into the configured loadPath / privatePath / addPath / updatePath / getLanguagesPath URL templates with no path-component validation and no encoding. When an application exposes any of these values to user-controlled input (?lng= / ?ns= query parameters via i18next-browser-languagedetector, cookies, request headers, or a URL-derived projectId), a crafted value can change the structure of the outgoing request URL. Affected call sites in lib/index.js (pre-patch): the interpolate() helper is used at the five URL-build sites — _readAny/read (line 415 for private, 426 for public), getLanguages (lines 271 and 296), and writePage (lines 616 and 622) for the missing-key and update POST paths. The helper interpolate in lib/utils.js substitutes raw values with no encoding. This issue has been patched in version 9.0.2.","state":0,"publishedAt":"2026-05-08T16:16:11.913+00:00","modifiedAt":"2026-10-26T18:10:00.173+00:00","affected":[],"metrics":[{"system":"CVSS 3.1 · security-advisories@github.com · Secondary","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N","score":6.5,"severity":"MEDIUM"}],"references":["https://github.com/locize/i18next-locize-backend/security/advisories/GHSA-mgcp-mfp8-3q45"],"sourceUrl":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-41885","license":"NIST NVD usage terms; underlying source attribution retained","enrichment":{"sourceStatus":"Deferred","weaknesses":["CWE-22","CWE-74"],"productCriteria":[],"sourceDates":{"published":"2026-05-08T16:16:11.913","lastModified":"2026-10-26T18:10:00.173"},"relatedAdvisories":[],"note":"NVD analysis and CPE criteria are source context, not proof that a package or your environment is affected. Complete affected data, logical configurations and SSVC are retained in the original JSON."},"key":"nvd:CVE-2026-41885","identifiers":["CVE-2026-41885"]},"retained":false,"historicalAffected":[]},{"revision":"188fb80b5d384b70aca46a7e686c8206","observedAt":"2026-10-24T13:17:17.793+00:00","statement":{"source":"osv","id":"GHSA-mgcp-mfp8-3q45","aliases":["CVE-2026-41885"],"title":"i18next-locize-backend has URL Injection via Unsanitized Path Parameters","description":"### Summary\n\nVersions of `i18next-locize-backend` prior to 9.0.2 interpolate `lng`, `ns`, `projectId`, and `version` directly into the configured `loadPath` / `privatePath` / `addPath` / `updatePath` / `getLanguagesPath` URL templates with no path-component validation and no encoding. When an application exposes any of these values to user-controlled input (`?lng=` / `?ns=` query parameters via `i18next-browser-languagedetector`, cookies, request headers, or a URL-derived `projectId`), a crafted value can change the structure of the outgoing request URL.\n\nAffected call sites in `lib/index.js` (pre-patch): the `interpolate()` helper is used at the five URL-build sites — `_readAny`/`read` (line 415 for private, 426 for public), `getLanguages` (lines 271 and 296), and `writePage` (lines 616 and 622) for the missing-key and update POST paths. The helper `interpolate` in `lib/utils.js` substitutes raw values with no encoding.\n\n### Impact\n\nAn attacker who can influence `lng`, `ns`, `projectId`, or `version` can:\n\n- **Path traversal** — `lng = '../../admin'` against `https://api.locize.app/{{projectId}}/{{version}}/{{lng}}/{{ns}}` changes the request URL path segment that reaches the locize CDN / API.\n- **Query-string injection** — `lng = 'en?x=y'` appends an attacker-chosen query to the URL.\n- **Fragment truncation** — `lng = 'en#x'` silently truncates the path in browser fetches.\n- **URL-encoded bypass** — `lng = 'en%2F..'` leverages server-side decoding to reintroduce `/..`.\n\nThe worst-case concrete impact is loading an unintended translation resource (potentially causing wrong content to render) and, when a custom `loadPath` is configured against an internal / file-scheme URL, **SSRF or arbitrary-file read** on the host running the backend.\n\nAdditionally, the pre-patch `interpolate()` function read `data[key]` without excluding prototype-chain properties — under prototype-pollution conditions in the same process, that path could pull values from `Object.prototype` into the URL.\n\n### Related fixes shipped in 9.0.2\n\n- The `defaults()` helper replaces `for...in` iteration with `Object.keys()` plus an explicit prototype-key guard so a polluted `Object.prototype` cannot leak into the merged options object.\n- New `utils.interpolateUrl` / `isSafeUrlSegment` / `sanitizeLogValue` / `redactUrlCredentials` helpers mirror the pattern shipped in `i18next-http-backend@3.0.5` (see its advisory [GHSA-q89c-q3h5-w34g](https://github.com/i18next/i18next-http-backend/security/advisories/GHSA-q89c-q3h5-w34g)).\n\n### Affected versions\n\nAll versions of `i18next-locize-backend` prior to **9.0.2**.\n\n### Patch\n\nFixed in **9.0.2**. `lib/index.js` now uses `interpolateUrl()` at every URL-build site and returns an error callback (or silently drops the queued write for `writePage`) when any interpolated value fails the safety check. Legitimate i18next language-code shapes (BCP-47, `en_US`, `zh-Hant-HK`, `my-custom.ns`, `+`-joined multi-language values) all pass.\n\n### Workarounds\n\nNo workaround short of upgrading. If you cannot upgrade immediately, sanitise `lng` / `ns` / `projectId` / `version` at your application boundary before passing them through to i18next — reject values containing `..`, `/`, `\\`, `?`, `#`, `%`, whitespace, control characters, and cap the length.\n\n### Credits\n\nDiscovered via an internal security audit of the i18next / locize ecosystem.\n\n### References\n\n- [CWE-22: Path Traversal](https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/22.html)\n- [CWE-74: Injection](https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/74.html)\n- [CWE-1321: Prototype Pollution (amplification path)](https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/1321.html)\n- Related advisory in the same ecosystem: [GHSA-q89c-q3h5-w34g (i18next-http-backend)](https://github.com/i18next/i18next-http-backend/security/advisories/GHSA-q89c-q3h5-w34g)","state":0,"publishedAt":"2026-04-22T20:28:27+00:00","modifiedAt":"2026-05-13T13:52:30.530815+00:00","affected":[{"ecosystem":"npm","name":"i18next-locize-backend","ranges":[{"type":"SEMVER","events":[{"kind":"introduced","version":"0"},{"kind":"fixed","version":"9.0.2"}]}],"versions":[],"rawVersionEvidence":null}],"metrics":[{"system":"CVSS_V3","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N","score":null,"severity":null},{"system":"Publisher rating","vector":null,"score":null,"severity":"MODERATE"}],"references":["https://github.com/locize/i18next-locize-backend/security/advisories/GHSA-mgcp-mfp8-3q45","https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-41885","https://github.com/locize/i18next-locize-backend/commit/8f81ad4707aa0e90647fde4da5fbe5b23153c6e1","https://github.com/locize/i18next-locize-backend","https://github.com/locize/i18next-locize-backend/releases/tag/v9.0.2"],"sourceUrl":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-mgcp-mfp8-3q45","license":"GitHub Advisory Database · CC-BY-4.0","key":"osv:GHSA-mgcp-mfp8-3q45","identifiers":["GHSA-mgcp-mfp8-3q45","CVE-2026-41885"]},"retained":false,"historicalAffected":[]}],"coverage":[{"source":"cisa-kev:global","scope":"Complete CISA KEV catalog; all vendors. Missing entries do not establish absence of exploitation.","generation":"2026-11-07T17:07:37.1829709+00:00","complete":true,"records":1769,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-07T17:07:37.1829709+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-07T17:07:37.3549159+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-07T17:07:37.3549172+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":null,"importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null},{"source":"cve-program","scope":"Official CVE Program baseline and cumulative hourly delta; all vendors, published and rejected records","generation":"cve-bb5c9d5a08063ef076042e33dd72a7d0ffa4c4487efdcf3106e29ba55ec2ad57-715e663378e343ca50c7397586f2d227eca3ece57a7a73d5f48eaadc71eb9f69","complete":true,"records":420933,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-07T17:07:36.095653+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-07T17:07:36.0305426+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-07T17:07:36.095653+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":"2026-11-07T16:30:46+00:00","importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null},{"source":"euvd","scope":"Rolling EUVD lookups of CVE aliases in current public OSV archives; 500 identifiers per refresh, rechecked after 48 hours. Not a global EUVD catalog. Successful not-found lookups count as checked; they do not imply withdrawal or safety. No reader inventory is sent.","generation":"enrichment-ce98ec71edc04bf7b5b5ed5b4106954c","complete":true,"records":13633,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-07T17:19:56.3581416+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-07T17:19:56.354+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-07T17:19:56.354+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":null,"importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":13685,"expectedIdentifiers":13685,"failedIdentifiers":0},{"source":"first-epss:nuget","scope":"FIRST EPSS for explicit CVE aliases in the collected public NuGet archive. Not a global EPSS backfill.","generation":"2026-11-07T17:07:37.1829709+00:00","complete":true,"records":1096,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-07T17:07:37.1829709+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-07T17:07:37.3564231+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-07T17:07:37.3564236+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":null,"importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null},{"source":"nvd","scope":"Rolling NVD lookups of CVE aliases in current public OSV archives; 500 identifiers per refresh, rechecked after 48 hours. Not a global NVD catalog. Successful not-found lookups count as checked; they do not imply withdrawal or safety. No reader inventory is sent.","generation":"enrichment-57173bad19094db6a6a9d0334caa764d","complete":true,"records":13645,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-07T17:08:02.7189692+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-07T17:08:02.715+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-07T17:08:02.715+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":null,"importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":13685,"expectedIdentifiers":13685,"failedIdentifiers":0},{"source":"osv:Go","scope":"Complete OSV Go ecosystem archive, including withdrawn and malicious-package source records; statement counts are not unique CVE counts","generation":"go-0eb4d6dde62dffacd040ad992d4fd5a65cd7d0dc5f5f4cfa8b41967fc6f9ca5f","complete":true,"records":9914,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-07T17:07:36.7559298+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-06T20:10:36.6450506+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-07T17:07:36.7559298+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":"2026-11-06T20:02:57+00:00","importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null},{"source":"osv:NuGet","scope":"Complete OSV NuGet ecosystem archive, including GitHub Advisory Database records; NuGet version matching only","generation":"nuget-fde804134ecdda0ddd5ff5c26ee1fff5a6fa659311f7ef2e51c6ad54964db0e2","complete":true,"records":1971,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-07T17:07:36.1583672+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-06T19:03:17.0399903+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-07T17:07:36.1583672+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":"2026-11-06T18:17:57+00:00","importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null},{"source":"osv:crates.io","scope":"Complete OSV crates.io ecosystem archive, including withdrawn and malicious-package source records; statement counts are not unique CVE counts","generation":"crates.io-335633e78a15c9cde10a6025895b5617717087fb945489ae7e15d377bacf34a9","complete":true,"records":3055,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-07T17:07:37.135444+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-06T16:03:00.7615789+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-07T17:07:37.135444+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":"2026-11-06T16:02:48+00:00","importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null},{"source":"osv:npm","scope":"Complete OSV npm ecosystem archive, including withdrawn and malicious-package source records; statement counts are not unique CVE counts","generation":"npm-40ad6183a951565ace1520a9b4d631e1d0bfb1d4bf7c5574c375032559f3ff53","complete":true,"records":231292,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-07T17:07:36.637447+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-07T10:29:00.4821259+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-07T17:07:36.637447+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":"2026-11-07T09:32:47+00:00","importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null}]}