{"id":"GHSA-rp36-8xq3-r6c4","revision":null,"records":[{"revision":"2a35c5df58314476907e8c198bc4aba1","observedAt":"2026-10-23T15:48:27.903+00:00","statement":{"source":"cve-program","id":"CVE-2026-47140","aliases":[],"title":"vm2: NodeVM builtin denylist bypass via process and inspector/promises allows host code execution","description":"vm2 is an open source vm/sandbox for Node.js. Prior to version 3.11.4, NodeVM blocks several dangerous Node.js builtins such as module, worker_threads, cluster, vm, repl, and inspector. However, the denylist misses process and inspector/promises. Both can be used from sandboxed code to reach host-side execution primitives. This allows sandboxed code to bypass the intended builtin restrictions and execute code in the host process. This issue has been patched in version 3.11.4.","state":0,"publishedAt":"2026-06-12T14:16:10.727+00:00","modifiedAt":"2026-06-13T03:55:57.896+00:00","affected":[{"ecosystem":"Vendor product","name":"vm2","ranges":[],"versions":[],"rawVersionEvidence":"{\n                    \"vendor\": \"patriksimek\",\n                    \"product\": \"vm2\",\n                    \"versions\": [\n                        {\n                            \"version\": \"< 3.11.4\",\n                            \"status\": \"affected\"\n                        }\n                    ]\n                }"}],"metrics":[{"system":"CVSS 3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H","score":10,"severity":"CRITICAL"}],"references":["https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/security/advisories/GHSA-rp36-8xq3-r6c4","https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/commit/a1ed47a98d1cc36cb48c0d566d55889688e0b59b","https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/releases/tag/v3.11.4"],"sourceUrl":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-47140","license":"CVE Program Terms of Use","key":"cve-program:CVE-2026-47140","identifiers":["CVE-2026-47140"]},"retained":false,"historicalAffected":[]},{"revision":"789c1cbcbb0a4620bc7a3f292004ad06","observedAt":"2026-11-07T10:39:52.53+00:00","statement":{"source":"euvd","id":"EUVD-2026-36446","aliases":["CVE-2026-47140","GHSA-rp36-8xq3-r6c4"],"title":"vm2 is an open source vm/sandbox for Node.js. Prior to version 3.11.4, NodeVM blocks several dangerous Node.js builtins such as module, worker_threads, cluster, vm, repl, and inspector. However, the denylist misses process and inspector/pro…","description":"vm2 is an open source vm/sandbox for Node.js. Prior to version 3.11.4, NodeVM blocks several dangerous Node.js builtins such as module, worker_threads, cluster, vm, repl, and inspector. However, the denylist misses process and inspector/promises. Both can be used from sandboxed code to reach host-side execution primitives. This allows sandboxed code to bypass the intended builtin restrictions and execute code in the host process. This issue has been patched in version 3.11.4.","state":0,"publishedAt":null,"modifiedAt":null,"affected":[],"metrics":[{"system":"EUVD CVSS 3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H","score":10,"severity":null}],"references":["https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/security/advisories/GHSA-rp36-8xq3-r6c4","https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/commit/a1ed47a98d1cc36cb48c0d566d55889688e0b59b","https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/releases/tag/v3.11.4"],"sourceUrl":"https://euvd.enisa.europa.eu/vulnerability/EUVD-2026-36446","license":"ENISA EUVD · source terms and attribution apply","enrichment":{"sourceStatus":null,"weaknesses":[],"productCriteria":[],"sourceDates":{"datePublished":"Jun 12, 2026, 2:16:10 PM","dateUpdated":"Jun 13, 2026, 3:55:57 AM"},"relatedAdvisories":[{"id":"RHSA-2026:33574","title":"Red Hat Security Advisory: Red Hat Developer Hub 1.9.6 release.","vulnerabilityIds":["CVE-2026-9277","CVE-2026-9673","CVE-2026-27145","CVE-2026-33811","CVE-2026-39820","CVE-2026-42033","CVE-2026-42035","CVE-2026-42039","CVE-2026-42041","CVE-2026-42043","CVE-2026-42044","CVE-2026-42338","CVE-2026-42499","CVE-2026-44486","CVE-2026-44487","CVE-2026-44488","CVE-2026-44492","CVE-2026-44494","CVE-2026-44495","CVE-2026-44496","CVE-2026-44724","CVE-2026-45736","CVE-2026-47131","CVE-2026-47135","CVE-2026-47137","CVE-2026-47139","CVE-2026-47140","CVE-2026-47141","CVE-2026-47208","CVE-2026-47209","CVE-2026-48779"]},{"id":"RHSA-2026:36754","title":"Red Hat Security Advisory: Red Hat Developer Hub 1.10.2 release.","vulnerabilityIds":["CVE-2026-6322","CVE-2026-6734","CVE-2026-9277","CVE-2026-9673","CVE-2026-9697","CVE-2026-12143","CVE-2026-12151","CVE-2026-24781","CVE-2026-27136","CVE-2026-39820","CVE-2026-42338","CVE-2026-42499","CVE-2026-44486","CVE-2026-44487","CVE-2026-44488","CVE-2026-44492","CVE-2026-44494","CVE-2026-44495","CVE-2026-44496","CVE-2026-45736","CVE-2026-47131","CVE-2026-47135","CVE-2026-47137","CVE-2026-47139","CVE-2026-47140","CVE-2026-47141","CVE-2026-47208","CVE-2026-47210","CVE-2026-48779"]},{"id":"RHSA-2026:50850","title":"Red Hat Security Advisory: Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.1 security update","vulnerabilityIds":["CVE-2026-9277","CVE-2026-43997","CVE-2026-43998","CVE-2026-43999","CVE-2026-44000","CVE-2026-44001","CVE-2026-44002","CVE-2026-44003","CVE-2026-44004","CVE-2026-44005","CVE-2026-44006","CVE-2026-44007","CVE-2026-44008","CVE-2026-44009","CVE-2026-45411","CVE-2026-47131","CVE-2026-47135","CVE-2026-47137","CVE-2026-47139","CVE-2026-47140","CVE-2026-47141","CVE-2026-47209","CVE-2026-48068","CVE-2026-48801","CVE-2026-59877"]}],"note":"EUVD source date text has no stated timezone and is retained without inventing a UTC instant. Related bulletin membership is not an alias, common cause or applicability claim. A missing vector with a zero score is treated as unrated. Complete vendor/product and underlying source evidence remains in the original JSON."},"key":"euvd:EUVD-2026-36446","identifiers":["EUVD-2026-36446","CVE-2026-47140","GHSA-rp36-8xq3-r6c4"]},"retained":false,"historicalAffected":[]},{"revision":"7bff77d497b5417083b50005e62ead6d","observedAt":"2026-10-27T13:11:40.402+00:00","statement":{"source":"nvd","id":"CVE-2026-47140","aliases":[],"title":"vm2 is an open source vm/sandbox for Node.js. Prior to version 3.11.4, NodeVM blocks several dangerous Node.js builtins such as module, worker_threads, cluster, vm, repl, and inspector. However, the denylist misses process and inspector/pro…","description":"vm2 is an open source vm/sandbox for Node.js. Prior to version 3.11.4, NodeVM blocks several dangerous Node.js builtins such as module, worker_threads, cluster, vm, repl, and inspector. However, the denylist misses process and inspector/promises. Both can be used from sandboxed code to reach host-side execution primitives. This allows sandboxed code to bypass the intended builtin restrictions and execute code in the host process. This issue has been patched in version 3.11.4.","state":0,"publishedAt":"2026-06-12T15:16:28.4+00:00","modifiedAt":"2026-10-26T11:10:00.157+00:00","affected":[],"metrics":[{"system":"CVSS 3.1 · security-advisories@github.com · Secondary","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H","score":10,"severity":"CRITICAL"}],"references":["https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/commit/a1ed47a98d1cc36cb48c0d566d55889688e0b59b","https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/releases/tag/v3.11.4","https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/security/advisories/GHSA-rp36-8xq3-r6c4"],"sourceUrl":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-47140","license":"NIST NVD usage terms; underlying source attribution retained","enrichment":{"sourceStatus":"Deferred","weaknesses":["CWE-693"],"productCriteria":[],"sourceDates":{"published":"2026-06-12T15:16:28.400","lastModified":"2026-10-26T11:10:00.157"},"relatedAdvisories":[],"note":"NVD analysis and CPE criteria are source context, not proof that a package or your environment is affected. Complete affected data, logical configurations and SSVC are retained in the original JSON."},"key":"nvd:CVE-2026-47140","identifiers":["CVE-2026-47140"]},"retained":false,"historicalAffected":[]},{"revision":"299968b23e3f44acbaa9e34feef72505","observedAt":"2026-10-24T13:17:17.793+00:00","statement":{"source":"osv","id":"GHSA-rp36-8xq3-r6c4","aliases":["CVE-2026-47140"],"title":"NodeVM builtin denylist bypass via process and inspector/promises allows host code execution","description":"## Summary\n\n`NodeVM` blocks several dangerous Node.js builtins such as `module`, `worker_threads`, `cluster`, `vm`, `repl`, and `inspector`.\n\nHowever, the denylist misses `process` and `inspector/promises`. Both can be used from sandboxed code to reach host-side execution primitives.\n\nThis allows sandboxed code to bypass the intended builtin restrictions and execute code in the host process.\n\n## Details\n\nThe dangerous builtin denylist is defined in `lib/builtin.js`. This list does not include:\n\n```text\nprocess\ninspector/promises\n```\n\nNon-denied builtins are exposed to the sandbox through:\n\n```js\nbuiltins.set(key, special ? special : vm => vm.readonly(hostRequire(key)));\n```\n\nBecause of this, sandboxed code can bypass the expected restrictions in two ways:\n\n1. `require('process').getBuiltinModule('child_process')` reloads `child_process`, even when `child_process` is excluded.\n2. `require('inspector/promises')` exposes the Inspector protocol and can call `Runtime.evaluate` in the host process.\n\n## PoC\n\nTested on:\n\n```text\nvm2: 3.11.2\nNode.js: v25.9.0\n```\n\nRun from the vm2 repository root:\n\n```bash\nnode poc/dangerous-builtin-denylist-rce.js\n```\n[dangerous-builtin-denylist-rce.js](https://github.com/user-attachments/files/27570113/dangerous-builtin-denylist-rce.js)\n\n\nThe PoC first confirms the intended restrictions work:\n\n```text\nrequire(\"inspector\"): BLOCKED\nrequire(\"child_process\"): BLOCKED\n```\n\nThen it bypasses them:\n\n```text\nrequire(\"process\").getBuiltinModule(\"child_process\").execFileSync(...)\n```\n\nThis spawns a host child process. It also confirms:\n\n```text\nrequire(\"inspector/promises\").Session().post(\"Runtime.evaluate\", ...)\n```\n\nThis evaluates JavaScript in the host process.\n\n<img width=\"858\" height=\"766\" alt=\"Screenshot 2026-05-10 at 11 53 33\u202FAM\" src=\"https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/7614aecb-5ffd-4c41-bfe8-e1fcb3b1bb59\" />\n\n## Impact\n\nAn attacker who can run untrusted JavaScript inside `NodeVM` with affected builtin settings can escape the sandbox and execute arbitrary code in the host process.\n\nThis can lead to full compromise of the application process, including reading files, writing files, spawning processes, and accessing host environment secrets.\n\n(This is not reachable with the default NodeVM configuration where require is disabled or no affected builtins are allowed. It affects applications that allow process, inspector/promises, or the wildcard \"*\" in require.builtin.)\n\n## Suggested fix\n\nAdd `process` and `inspector/promises` to the dangerous builtin blocklist.\n\nAlso consider blocking dangerous builtin families by prefix, for example blocking both:\n\n```text\ninspector\ninspector/*\n```\n\ninstead of only exact module names.","state":0,"publishedAt":"2026-05-29T17:59:23+00:00","modifiedAt":"2026-06-12T21:15:15.7952348+00:00","affected":[{"ecosystem":"npm","name":"vm2","ranges":[{"type":"SEMVER","events":[{"kind":"introduced","version":"0"},{"kind":"fixed","version":"3.11.4"}]}],"versions":[],"rawVersionEvidence":null}],"metrics":[{"system":"CVSS_V3","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H","score":null,"severity":null},{"system":"Publisher rating","vector":null,"score":null,"severity":"CRITICAL"}],"references":["https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/security/advisories/GHSA-rp36-8xq3-r6c4","https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-47140","https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/commit/a1ed47a98d1cc36cb48c0d566d55889688e0b59b","https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2","https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/releases/tag/v3.11.4"],"sourceUrl":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-rp36-8xq3-r6c4","license":"GitHub Advisory Database · CC-BY-4.0","key":"osv:GHSA-rp36-8xq3-r6c4","identifiers":["GHSA-rp36-8xq3-r6c4","CVE-2026-47140"]},"retained":false,"historicalAffected":[]}],"coverage":[{"source":"cisa-kev:global","scope":"Complete CISA KEV catalog; all vendors. Missing entries do not establish absence of exploitation.","generation":"2026-11-07T19:07:25.1127279+00:00","complete":true,"records":1769,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-07T19:07:25.1127279+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-07T19:07:25.259395+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-07T19:07:25.259396+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":null,"importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null},{"source":"cve-program","scope":"Official CVE Program baseline and cumulative hourly delta; all vendors, published and rejected records","generation":"cve-bb5c9d5a08063ef076042e33dd72a7d0ffa4c4487efdcf3106e29ba55ec2ad57-0f6819d30115900023f4b20f99e508641b2007efdd91dc0cdc8e3f4191d4d221","complete":true,"records":420942,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-07T19:07:24.5330127+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-07T19:07:24.4427471+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-07T19:07:24.5330127+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":"2026-11-07T18:20:15+00:00","importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null},{"source":"euvd","scope":"Rolling EUVD lookups of CVE aliases in current public OSV archives; 500 identifiers per refresh, rechecked after 48 hours. Not a global EUVD catalog. Successful not-found lookups count as checked; they do not imply withdrawal or safety. No reader inventory is sent.","generation":"enrichment-05809410d082491a9e6eb58bff15758d","complete":true,"records":13633,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-07T19:19:28.6430553+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-07T19:19:28.637+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-07T19:19:28.637+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":null,"importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":13685,"expectedIdentifiers":13685,"failedIdentifiers":0},{"source":"first-epss:nuget","scope":"FIRST EPSS for explicit CVE aliases in the collected public NuGet archive. Not a global EPSS backfill.","generation":"2026-11-07T19:07:25.1127279+00:00","complete":true,"records":1096,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-07T19:07:25.1127279+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-07T19:07:25.2602906+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-07T19:07:25.2602909+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":null,"importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null},{"source":"nvd","scope":"Rolling NVD lookups of CVE aliases in current public OSV archives; 500 identifiers per refresh, rechecked after 48 hours. Not a global NVD catalog. Successful not-found lookups count as checked; they do not imply withdrawal or safety. No reader inventory is sent.","generation":"enrichment-029d4c3fa5184934830a91e59f7a88f3","complete":true,"records":13645,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-07T19:07:38.2251716+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-07T19:07:38.222+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-07T19:07:38.222+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":null,"importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":13685,"expectedIdentifiers":13685,"failedIdentifiers":0},{"source":"osv:Go","scope":"Complete OSV Go ecosystem archive, including withdrawn and malicious-package source records; statement counts are not unique CVE counts","generation":"go-0eb4d6dde62dffacd040ad992d4fd5a65cd7d0dc5f5f4cfa8b41967fc6f9ca5f","complete":true,"records":9914,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-07T19:07:24.9680856+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-06T20:10:36.6450506+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-07T19:07:24.9680856+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":"2026-11-06T20:02:57+00:00","importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null},{"source":"osv:NuGet","scope":"Complete OSV NuGet ecosystem archive, including GitHub Advisory Database records; NuGet version matching only","generation":"nuget-fde804134ecdda0ddd5ff5c26ee1fff5a6fa659311f7ef2e51c6ad54964db0e2","complete":true,"records":1971,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-07T19:07:24.6882184+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-06T19:03:17.0399903+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-07T19:07:24.6882184+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":"2026-11-06T18:17:57+00:00","importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null},{"source":"osv:crates.io","scope":"Complete OSV crates.io ecosystem archive, including withdrawn and malicious-package source records; statement counts are not unique CVE counts","generation":"crates.io-335633e78a15c9cde10a6025895b5617717087fb945489ae7e15d377bacf34a9","complete":true,"records":3055,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-07T19:07:25.0706377+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-06T16:03:00.7615789+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-07T19:07:25.0706377+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":"2026-11-06T16:02:48+00:00","importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null},{"source":"osv:npm","scope":"Complete OSV npm ecosystem archive, including withdrawn and malicious-package source records; statement counts are not unique CVE counts","generation":"npm-40ad6183a951565ace1520a9b4d631e1d0bfb1d4bf7c5574c375032559f3ff53","complete":true,"records":231292,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-07T19:07:24.8613995+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-07T10:29:00.4821259+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-07T19:07:24.8613995+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":"2026-11-07T09:32:47+00:00","importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null}]}