{"id":"GO-2025-4039","revision":null,"records":[{"revision":"e3548210c75d424f95122671048f74cf","observedAt":"2026-10-23T15:48:27.903+00:00","statement":{"source":"cve-program","id":"CVE-2025-59043","aliases":[],"title":"OpenBao vulnerable to denial of service via malicious JSON request processing","description":"OpenBao is an open source identity-based secrets management system. In OpenBao versions prior to 2.4.1, JSON objects after decoding may use significantly more memory than their serialized version. It is possible to craft a JSON payload to maximize the factor between serialized memory usage and deserialized memory usage, similar to a zip bomb, with factors reaching approximately 35. This can be used to circumvent the max_request_size configuration parameter which is intended to protect against denial of service attacks. The request body is parsed into a map very early in the request handling chain before authentication, which means an unauthenticated attacker can send a specifically crafted JSON object and cause an out-of-memory crash. Additionally, for requests with large numbers of strings, the audit subsystem can consume large quantities of CPU. 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Additionally, for requests with large numbers of strings, the audit subsystem can consume large quantities of CPU. 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Related bulletin membership is not an alias, common cause or applicability claim. A missing vector with a zero score is treated as unrated. Complete vendor/product and underlying source evidence remains in the original JSON."},"key":"euvd:EUVD-2025-34895","identifiers":["EUVD-2025-34895","CVE-2025-59043","GHSA-g46h-2rq9-gw5m"]},"retained":false,"historicalAffected":[]},{"revision":"4892d435e41f4714a970859841586714","observedAt":"2026-10-25T03:17:18.142+00:00","statement":{"source":"nvd","id":"CVE-2025-59043","aliases":[],"title":"OpenBao is an open source identity-based secrets management system. In OpenBao versions prior to 2.4.1, JSON objects after decoding may use significantly more memory than their serialized version. It is possible to craft a JSON payload to m…","description":"OpenBao is an open source identity-based secrets management system. In OpenBao versions prior to 2.4.1, JSON objects after decoding may use significantly more memory than their serialized version. It is possible to craft a JSON payload to maximize the factor between serialized memory usage and deserialized memory usage, similar to a zip bomb, with factors reaching approximately 35. This can be used to circumvent the max_request_size configuration parameter which is intended to protect against denial of service attacks. The request body is parsed into a map very early in the request handling chain before authentication, which means an unauthenticated attacker can send a specifically crafted JSON object and cause an out-of-memory crash. Additionally, for requests with large numbers of strings, the audit subsystem can consume large quantities of CPU. The vulnerability is fixed in version 2.4.1.","state":0,"publishedAt":"2025-10-17T16:15:38.763+00:00","modifiedAt":"2026-10-19T16:10:00.26+00:00","affected":[],"metrics":[{"system":"CVSS 3.1 · security-advisories@github.com · Secondary","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","score":7.5,"severity":"HIGH"}],"references":["https://github.com/openbao/openbao/blob/788536bd3e10818a7b4fb00aac6affc23388e5a9/http/logical.go#L50","https://github.com/openbao/openbao/commit/d418f238bc99adc72c73109faf574cc2b672880c","https://github.com/openbao/openbao/pull/1756","https://github.com/openbao/openbao/security/advisories/GHSA-g46h-2rq9-gw5m"],"sourceUrl":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-59043","license":"NIST NVD usage terms; underlying source attribution retained","enrichment":{"sourceStatus":"Analyzed","weaknesses":["CWE-400"],"productCriteria":["cpe:2.3:a:openbao:openbao:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"],"sourceDates":{"published":"2025-10-17T16:15:38.763","lastModified":"2026-10-19T16:10:00.260"},"relatedAdvisories":[],"note":"NVD analysis and CPE criteria are source context, not proof that a package or your environment is affected. Complete affected data, logical configurations and SSVC are retained in the original JSON."},"key":"nvd:CVE-2025-59043","identifiers":["CVE-2025-59043"]},"retained":false,"historicalAffected":[]},{"revision":"e12acf8c281a48ce938567fd2b299140","observedAt":"2026-10-24T13:19:41.952+00:00","statement":{"source":"osv","id":"GHSA-g46h-2rq9-gw5m","aliases":["BIT-openbao-2025-59043","CVE-2025-59043","GO-2025-4039"],"title":"OpenBao has potential Denial of Service vulnerability when processing malicious unauthenticated JSON requests","description":"### Summary\n\nJSON objects after decoding might use more memory than their serialized version. It is possible to tune a JSON to maximize the factor between serialized memory usage and deserialized memory usage (similar to a zip bomb). While reproducing the issue, we could reach a factor of about 35. This can be used to circumvent the [`max_request_size` (https://openbao.org/docs/configuration/listener/tcp/) configuration parameter, which is meant to protect against Denial of Service attacks, and also makes Denial of Service attacks easier in general, as the attacker needs much less resources.\n\n### Details\n\nThe request body is parsed into a `map[string]interface{}` https://github.com/openbao/openbao/blob/788536bd3e10818a7b4fb00aac6affc23388e5a9/http/logical.go#L50 very early in the request handling chain (before authentication), which means an attacker can send a specifically crafted JSON object and cause an OOM crash. Additionally, for simpler requests with large numbers of strings, the audit subsystem can consume large quantities of CPU. \n\nTo remediate, set `max_request_json_memory` and `max_request_json_strings`.\n\n### Impact\n\n- Unauthenticated Denial of Service\n\n### Resources\n\nThis issue was disclosed directly to HashiCorp and is the OpenBao equivalent of the following tickets:\n\n- https://discuss.hashicorp.com/t/hcsec-2025-24-vault-denial-of-service-though-complex-json-payloads/76393\n- https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-6203\n\nHashiCorp attributes the problem to the audit subsystem. For OpenBao, it was noted the problem was additionally in the requests handling logic.","state":0,"publishedAt":"2025-10-17T17:08:11+00:00","modifiedAt":"2026-07-27T09:11:37.2532777+00:00","affected":[{"ecosystem":"Go","name":"github.com/openbao/openbao","ranges":[{"type":"SEMVER","events":[{"kind":"introduced","version":"0"},{"kind":"fixed","version":"2.4.1"}]}],"versions":[],"rawVersionEvidence":null}],"metrics":[{"system":"CVSS_V3","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","score":null,"severity":null},{"system":"Publisher rating","vector":null,"score":null,"severity":"HIGH"}],"references":["https://github.com/openbao/openbao/security/advisories/GHSA-g46h-2rq9-gw5m","https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-59043","https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-6203","https://github.com/openbao/openbao/pull/1756","https://github.com/openbao/openbao/commit/d418f238bc99adc72c73109faf574cc2b672880c","https://discuss.hashicorp.com/t/hcsec-2025-24-vault-denial-of-service-though-complex-json-payloads/76393","https://github.com/openbao/openbao","https://github.com/openbao/openbao/blob/788536bd3e10818a7b4fb00aac6affc23388e5a9/http/logical.go#L50"],"sourceUrl":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-g46h-2rq9-gw5m","license":"GitHub Advisory Database · CC-BY-4.0","key":"osv:GHSA-g46h-2rq9-gw5m","identifiers":["GHSA-g46h-2rq9-gw5m","BIT-openbao-2025-59043","CVE-2025-59043","GO-2025-4039"]},"retained":false,"historicalAffected":[]},{"revision":"d782002494f54a06abf152ca6893964d","observedAt":"2026-10-24T13:19:41.952+00:00","statement":{"source":"osv","id":"GO-2025-4039","aliases":["BIT-openbao-2025-59043","CVE-2025-59043","GHSA-g46h-2rq9-gw5m"],"title":"OpenBao has potential Denial of Service vulnerability when processing malicious unauthenticated JSON requests in github.com/openbao/openbao","description":"OpenBao has potential Denial of Service vulnerability when processing malicious unauthenticated JSON requests in github.com/openbao/openbao.\n\nNOTE: The source advisory for this report contains additional versions that could not be automatically mapped to standard Go module versions.\n\n(If this is causing false-positive reports from vulnerability scanners, please suggest an edit to the report.)\n\nThe additional affected modules and versions are: github.com/openbao/openbao before v2.4.1.","state":0,"publishedAt":"2025-10-30T15:02:33+00:00","modifiedAt":"2026-07-27T09:11:37.2532777+00:00","affected":[{"ecosystem":"Go","name":"github.com/openbao/openbao","ranges":[{"type":"SEMVER","events":[{"kind":"introduced","version":"0"}]}],"versions":[],"rawVersionEvidence":null}],"metrics":[],"references":["https://github.com/openbao/openbao/security/advisories/GHSA-g46h-2rq9-gw5m","https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-59043","https://github.com/openbao/openbao/commit/d418f238bc99adc72c73109faf574cc2b672880c","https://github.com/openbao/openbao/pull/1756","https://discuss.hashicorp.com/t/hcsec-2025-24-vault-denial-of-service-though-complex-json-payloads/76393","https://github.com/openbao/openbao/blob/788536bd3e10818a7b4fb00aac6affc23388e5a9/http/logical.go#L50","https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-6203"],"sourceUrl":"https://osv.dev/vulnerability/GO-2025-4039","license":"OSV · upstream source license applies","key":"osv:GO-2025-4039","identifiers":["GO-2025-4039","BIT-openbao-2025-59043","CVE-2025-59043","GHSA-g46h-2rq9-gw5m"]},"retained":false,"historicalAffected":[]}],"coverage":[{"source":"cisa-kev:global","scope":"Complete CISA KEV catalog; all vendors. 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