{"id":"GO-2026-6474","revision":null,"records":[{"revision":"c3401d8f5ee34a7cbe39f6d527ce4b5b","observedAt":"2026-10-23T15:48:27.903+00:00","statement":{"source":"cve-program","id":"CVE-2026-56668","aliases":[],"title":"ZITADEL: Unauthorized Token Privilege Escalation in OAuth2 Token Exchange","description":"ZITADEL is an open source identity management platform. Prior to 4.15.3, ZITADEL's OAuth2 Token Exchange endpoint for urn:ietf:params:oauth:grant-type:token-exchange does not verify that the subject token belongs to the requesting client or that requested scopes remain within the original token's scopes, allowing a low-privilege token to be exchanged for elevated permissions at another application. This issue is fixed in version 4.15.3.","state":0,"publishedAt":"2026-07-10T17:46:25.937+00:00","modifiedAt":"2026-07-14T13:40:35.609+00:00","affected":[{"ecosystem":"Vendor product","name":"zitadel","ranges":[],"versions":[],"rawVersionEvidence":"{\n                    \"vendor\": \"zitadel\",\n                    \"product\": \"zitadel\",\n                    \"versions\": [\n                        {\n                            \"version\": \"< 4.15.3\",\n                            \"status\": \"affected\"\n                        }\n                    ]\n                }"}],"metrics":[{"system":"CVSS 3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N","score":8.1,"severity":"HIGH"}],"references":["https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/security/advisories/GHSA-vrh8-c9cm-wh8v","https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/commit/e2886a61670ca8fd41c9434f87036546e5620bcc","https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/releases/tag/v4.15.3"],"sourceUrl":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-56668","license":"CVE Program Terms of Use","key":"cve-program:CVE-2026-56668","identifiers":["CVE-2026-56668"]},"retained":false,"historicalAffected":[]},{"revision":"ac9811c6f7274c94a48916fa6e3406ef","observedAt":"2026-11-11T14:06:49.544+00:00","statement":{"source":"euvd","id":"EUVD-2026-42967","aliases":["CVE-2026-56668","GHSA-vrh8-c9cm-wh8v"],"title":"ZITADEL is an open source identity management platform. Prior to 4.15.3, ZITADEL's OAuth2 Token Exchange endpoint for urn:ietf:params:oauth:grant-type:token-exchange does not verify that the subject token belongs to the requesting client or…","description":"ZITADEL is an open source identity management platform. Prior to 4.15.3, ZITADEL's OAuth2 Token Exchange endpoint for urn:ietf:params:oauth:grant-type:token-exchange does not verify that the subject token belongs to the requesting client or that requested scopes remain within the original token's scopes, allowing a low-privilege token to be exchanged for elevated permissions at another application. This issue is fixed in version 4.15.3.","state":0,"publishedAt":null,"modifiedAt":null,"affected":[],"metrics":[{"system":"EUVD CVSS 3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N","score":8.1,"severity":null}],"references":["https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/security/advisories/GHSA-vrh8-c9cm-wh8v","https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/commit/e2886a61670ca8fd41c9434f87036546e5620bcc","https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/releases/tag/v4.15.3"],"sourceUrl":"https://euvd.enisa.europa.eu/vulnerability/EUVD-2026-42967","license":"ENISA EUVD · source terms and attribution apply","enrichment":{"sourceStatus":null,"weaknesses":[],"productCriteria":[],"sourceDates":{"datePublished":"Jul 10, 2026, 5:46:25 PM","dateUpdated":"Jul 14, 2026, 1:40:35 PM"},"relatedAdvisories":[],"note":"EUVD source date text has no stated timezone and is retained without inventing a UTC instant. Related bulletin membership is not an alias, common cause or applicability claim. A missing vector with a zero score is treated as unrated. Complete vendor/product and underlying source evidence remains in the original JSON."},"key":"euvd:EUVD-2026-42967","identifiers":["EUVD-2026-42967","CVE-2026-56668","GHSA-vrh8-c9cm-wh8v"]},"retained":false,"historicalAffected":[]},{"revision":"69c12278fa324f5496ec01d6904eb7ed","observedAt":"2026-10-25T14:19:10.848+00:00","statement":{"source":"nvd","id":"CVE-2026-56668","aliases":[],"title":"ZITADEL is an open source identity management platform. Prior to 4.15.3, ZITADEL's OAuth2 Token Exchange endpoint for urn:ietf:params:oauth:grant-type:token-exchange does not verify that the subject token belongs to the requesting client or…","description":"ZITADEL is an open source identity management platform. Prior to 4.15.3, ZITADEL's OAuth2 Token Exchange endpoint for urn:ietf:params:oauth:grant-type:token-exchange does not verify that the subject token belongs to the requesting client or that requested scopes remain within the original token's scopes, allowing a low-privilege token to be exchanged for elevated permissions at another application. This issue is fixed in version 4.15.3.","state":0,"publishedAt":"2026-07-10T18:16:24.413+00:00","modifiedAt":"2026-07-14T14:16:35.31+00:00","affected":[],"metrics":[{"system":"CVSS 3.1 · security-advisories@github.com · Secondary","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N","score":8.1,"severity":"HIGH"}],"references":["https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/commit/e2886a61670ca8fd41c9434f87036546e5620bcc","https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/releases/tag/v4.15.3","https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/security/advisories/GHSA-vrh8-c9cm-wh8v"],"sourceUrl":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-56668","license":"NIST NVD usage terms; underlying source attribution retained","enrichment":{"sourceStatus":"Deferred","weaknesses":["CWE-862"],"productCriteria":[],"sourceDates":{"published":"2026-07-10T18:16:24.413","lastModified":"2026-07-14T14:16:35.310"},"relatedAdvisories":[],"note":"NVD analysis and CPE criteria are source context, not proof that a package or your environment is affected. Complete affected data, logical configurations and SSVC are retained in the original JSON."},"key":"nvd:CVE-2026-56668","identifiers":["CVE-2026-56668"]},"retained":false,"historicalAffected":[]},{"revision":"b781ff6458214a348b6863d14889b080","observedAt":"2026-10-24T13:19:41.952+00:00","statement":{"source":"osv","id":"GHSA-vrh8-c9cm-wh8v","aliases":["CVE-2026-56668","GO-2026-6474"],"title":"ZITADEL: Unauthorized Token Privilege Escalation in OAuth2 Token Exchange","description":"### Summary\n\nA vulnerability in ZITADEL’s OAuth2 Token Exchange endpoint allows an authenticated user or client to exchange a low-privilege access token for a token with elevated permissions at a completely different application. This bypasses the intended authorization and separation policies configured within ZITADEL.\n\n### Impact\n\nZITADEL enables administrators to restrict token issuance based on client permissions, project roles, and specific scopes. Due to a missing verification step during the Token Exchange flow (`urn:ietf:params:oauth:grant-type:token-exchange`), ZITADEL fails to validate whether the incoming access token belongs to or is authorized for the client initiating the exchange. Additionally, ZITADEL does not enforce that the newly requested scopes must stay within the boundaries of the original token's scopes.\n\nAn attacker with valid access to a low-privilege application can exploit this behavior by sending a token exchange request to a highly-privileged target application. This allows them to obtain administrative project roles, access sensitive profile data, or gain unauthorized access to other applications across the system. If public clients (which do not require client secrets) are used, this risk increases significantly as it requires no client authentication.\n\n### Affected Versions\n\nSystems running one of the following versions are affected:\n\n* **4.x:** `4.0.0` through `4.15.2` (including RC versions)\n* **3.x:** `3.0.0` through `3.4.12` (including RC versions)\n\n### Patches\n\nThe vulnerability has been addressed in the latest releases. The patch resolves the issue by enforcing strict audience ownership verification and ensuring that requested scopes during a token exchange are restricted to a subset of the original token’s scopes.\n\n* **4.x**: Upgrade to $\\ge$ [4.15.3](https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/releases/tag/v4.15.3)\n* **3.x**: Upgrade to $\\ge$ [4.15.3](https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/releases/tag/v4.15.3)\n\n### Workarounds\n\nThe recommended solution is to upgrade to a patched version immediately. If an immediate upgrade is not possible, implement one of the following mitigations:\n - Disable via Feature Flag: Ensure the Token Exchange feature flag is explicitly turned off in your instance settings or environment variables (`ZITADEL_DEFAULTINSTANCE_FEATURES_TOKENEXCHANGE=false`). If the feature flag is disabled, the endpoint is unreachable and your system is not vulnerable. This is only possible in versions prior to v4.11.0, where the feature was not yet GA.\n- Remove the Grant Type: Ensure that the Token Exchange grant type is completely disabled or removed from all configured applications—especially high-privilege or public clients.\n\n### Questions\n\nIf you have any questions or comments about this advisory, please email us at [security@zitadel.com](mailto:security@zitadel.com).\n\n### Credits\n\nThanks to [thesecguy45](https://github.com/thesecguy45) and [Shubham Raj / Causal Security](https://github.com/cipher-creator) for reporting this vulnerability.","state":0,"publishedAt":"2026-09-14T21:28:23+00:00","modifiedAt":"2026-09-17T17:40:44.8305269+00:00","affected":[{"ecosystem":"Go","name":"github.com/zitadel/zitadel","ranges":[{"type":"SEMVER","events":[{"kind":"introduced","version":"0"},{"kind":"fixed","version":"4.15.3"}]}],"versions":[],"rawVersionEvidence":null}],"metrics":[{"system":"CVSS_V3","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N","score":null,"severity":null},{"system":"Publisher rating","vector":null,"score":null,"severity":"HIGH"}],"references":["https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/security/advisories/GHSA-vrh8-c9cm-wh8v","https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-56668","https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/commit/e2886a61670ca8fd41c9434f87036546e5620bcc","https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel","https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/releases/tag/v4.15.3"],"sourceUrl":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-vrh8-c9cm-wh8v","license":"GitHub Advisory Database · CC-BY-4.0","key":"osv:GHSA-vrh8-c9cm-wh8v","identifiers":["GHSA-vrh8-c9cm-wh8v","CVE-2026-56668","GO-2026-6474"]},"retained":false,"historicalAffected":[]},{"revision":"54809da381fa42b3be510533211bbf45","observedAt":"2026-10-24T13:19:41.952+00:00","statement":{"source":"osv","id":"GO-2026-6474","aliases":["CVE-2026-56668","GHSA-vrh8-c9cm-wh8v"],"title":"ZITADEL: Unauthorized Token Privilege Escalation in OAuth2 Token Exchange in github.com/zitadel/zitadel","description":"ZITADEL: Unauthorized Token Privilege Escalation in OAuth2 Token Exchange in github.com/zitadel/zitadel.\n\nNOTE: The source advisory for this report contains additional versions that could not be automatically mapped to standard Go module versions.\n\n(If this is causing false-positive reports from vulnerability scanners, please suggest an edit to the report.)\n\nThe additional affected modules and versions are: github.com/zitadel/zitadel before v4.15.3.","state":0,"publishedAt":"2026-09-16T16:56:22+00:00","modifiedAt":"2026-09-17T17:30:12.8962284+00:00","affected":[{"ecosystem":"Go","name":"github.com/zitadel/zitadel","ranges":[{"type":"SEMVER","events":[{"kind":"introduced","version":"0"}]}],"versions":[],"rawVersionEvidence":null}],"metrics":[],"references":["https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/security/advisories/GHSA-vrh8-c9cm-wh8v","https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-56668","https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/commit/e2886a61670ca8fd41c9434f87036546e5620bcc","https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/releases/tag/v4.15.3"],"sourceUrl":"https://osv.dev/vulnerability/GO-2026-6474","license":"OSV · upstream source license applies","key":"osv:GO-2026-6474","identifiers":["GO-2026-6474","CVE-2026-56668","GHSA-vrh8-c9cm-wh8v"]},"retained":false,"historicalAffected":[]}],"coverage":[{"source":"cisa-kev:global","scope":"Complete CISA KEV catalog; all vendors. Missing entries do not establish absence of exploitation.","generation":"2026-11-13T07:09:48.0434594+00:00","complete":true,"records":1779,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-13T07:09:48.0434594+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-13T07:09:48.3275958+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-13T07:09:48.3277431+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":null,"importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null},{"source":"cve-program","scope":"Official CVE Program baseline and cumulative hourly delta; all vendors, published and rejected records","generation":"cve-d8fa82e95fdb59244e2f635e667ba17f0796ca0a4f1f4bb8cc31febcd660b76c-c5309b25400581525e35b5d686fde5eb801ba52451edf64385de1067c7c5e97b","complete":true,"records":424978,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-13T07:09:47.3634648+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-13T06:55:18.981967+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-13T07:09:47.3634648+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":"2026-11-13T06:26:49+00:00","importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null},{"source":"euvd","scope":"Rolling EUVD lookups of CVE aliases in current public OSV archives; 500 identifiers per refresh, rechecked after 48 hours. Not a global EUVD catalog. Successful not-found lookups count as checked; they do not imply withdrawal or safety. No reader inventory is sent.","generation":"enrichment-c400362982e04b6aa54109c6b458794c","complete":false,"records":13793,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-13T07:19:26.5908907+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-13T07:19:26.552+00:00","error":"356 identifier lookups failed; latest failures include AccessDenied (HTTP 403). Other identifiers were checked independently.","lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-13T07:19:26.552+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":null,"importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":13490,"expectedIdentifiers":13846,"failedIdentifiers":356},{"source":"first-epss:nuget","scope":"FIRST EPSS for explicit CVE aliases in the collected public NuGet archive. Not a global EPSS backfill.","generation":"2026-11-13T07:09:48.0434594+00:00","complete":true,"records":1123,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-13T07:09:48.0434594+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-13T07:09:48.4741485+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-13T07:09:48.4741489+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":null,"importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null},{"source":"nvd","scope":"Rolling NVD lookups of CVE aliases in current public OSV archives; 500 identifiers per refresh, rechecked after 48 hours. Not a global NVD catalog. Successful not-found lookups count as checked; they do not imply withdrawal or safety. No reader inventory is sent.","generation":"enrichment-dad46f90d10c4b5890012c0a64d342dc","complete":true,"records":13793,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-13T07:09:49.8746887+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-13T06:18:21.149+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-13T06:18:21.149+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":null,"importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":13846,"expectedIdentifiers":13846,"failedIdentifiers":0},{"source":"osv:Go","scope":"Complete OSV Go ecosystem archive, including withdrawn and malicious-package source records; statement counts are not unique CVE counts","generation":"go-93e76d404e1aeb6a7e8902f5ffa06211fc86dea3b1958e297abb2668aa5e6e8c","complete":true,"records":9952,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-13T07:09:47.7322763+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-12T23:19:15.5239119+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-13T07:09:47.7322763+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":"2026-11-12T23:03:02+00:00","importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null},{"source":"osv:NuGet","scope":"Complete OSV NuGet ecosystem archive, including GitHub Advisory Database records; NuGet version matching only","generation":"nuget-4d60731753a2f72e455d1086e7203d0ef10843936dcc1cf2b45135e2caa204b0","complete":true,"records":2012,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-13T07:09:47.5190756+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-12T18:16:50.7862525+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-13T07:09:47.5190756+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":"2026-11-12T17:48:11+00:00","importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null},{"source":"osv:crates.io","scope":"Complete OSV crates.io ecosystem archive, including withdrawn and malicious-package source records; statement counts are not unique CVE counts","generation":"crates.io-20d1a8ab073a1c13ab2143dbcadb34ebb8edf1e18e16482b448513662c3d1e12","complete":true,"records":3127,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-13T07:09:47.8377123+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-12T22:18:31.0338213+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-13T07:09:47.8377123+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":"2026-11-12T22:18:06+00:00","importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null},{"source":"osv:npm","scope":"Complete OSV npm ecosystem archive, including withdrawn and malicious-package source records; statement counts are not unique CVE counts","generation":"npm-178522b1ccf3a779bfdc323be85feb949f35ae83fc129db130584901ae0094bb","complete":true,"records":231768,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-13T07:09:47.6322837+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-13T06:57:00.764342+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-13T07:09:47.6322837+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":"2026-11-13T06:32:53+00:00","importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null}]}