{"id":"MAL-2026-17230","revision":null,"records":[{"revision":"075c7af79a7344118c16769add6b3c8f","observedAt":"2026-10-24T13:17:17.793+00:00","statement":{"source":"osv","id":"MAL-2026-17230","aliases":["GHSA-w7wp-5j6j-rgg5"],"title":"Malicious code in llm-nebula (npm)","description":"\n---\n_-= Per source details. Do not edit below this line.=-_\n\n## Source: amazon-inspector (0eee293a9973027154eea71635c14e8a4cb2ad8a1e4f80a65399ad874afcb669)\nPackage presents itself as an LLM SDK (nebula.js exposes a small client stub) but declares `preinstall: node preinstall.cjs` in package.json, and preinstall.cjs is a ~232KB single-line obfuscated blob that runs automatically on `npm install`. The script wraps its body in a `Function(...)` constructor and uses a custom PRNG-based string decoder (TEA/xorshift-style constants 0x9e3779b9 / 0x243f6a88 / 0x6a09e667) over a packed printable-ASCII string plus a hex-int array to reconstruct characters via `String.fromCharCode`, driving a control-flow-flattened switch dispatcher. Node builtins and method names are resolved dynamically at runtime (e.g. `Ooa8zU[\"Bd5Wj1\"](\"fs\")`) so module ids, filesystem paths, network destinations, and command strings are not visible without executing the decoder. This obfuscation-plus-lifecycle-hook composition is the canonical install-time dropper / RCE shape: the benign-looking library entry serves as a cover story while the hidden preinstall payload runs on any consumer's machine at install time with the user's privileges, capable of arbitrary filesystem, process, and network operations.\n\n## Source: ghsa-malware (74d490ae52177b63247dc6045ff7bdefecafe59a9fee080c7e30baa247245339)\nAny computer that has this package installed or running should be considered fully compromised. All secrets and keys stored on that computer should be rotated immediately from a different computer. The package should be removed, but as full control of the computer may have been given to an outside entity, there is no guarantee that removing the package will remove all malicious software resulting from installing it.\n","state":0,"publishedAt":"2026-09-28T19:36:11+00:00","modifiedAt":"2026-10-12T15:45:05.4252325+00:00","affected":[{"ecosystem":"npm","name":"llm-nebula","ranges":[{"type":"SEMVER","events":[{"kind":"introduced","version":"0"}]}],"versions":["1.0.0"],"rawVersionEvidence":null}],"metrics":[],"references":["https://www.npmjs.com/package/llm-nebula/v/1.0.0","https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-w7wp-5j6j-rgg5"],"sourceUrl":"https://osv.dev/vulnerability/MAL-2026-17230","license":"OSV · upstream source license applies","key":"osv:MAL-2026-17230","identifiers":["MAL-2026-17230","GHSA-w7wp-5j6j-rgg5"]},"retained":false,"historicalAffected":[]}],"coverage":[{"source":"cisa-kev:global","scope":"Complete CISA KEV catalog; all vendors. Missing entries do not establish absence of exploitation.","generation":"2026-11-10T10:21:23.1769119+00:00","complete":true,"records":1773,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-10T10:21:23.1769119+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-10T10:21:23.4268898+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-10T10:21:23.4268987+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":null,"importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null},{"source":"cve-program","scope":"Official CVE Program baseline and cumulative hourly delta; all vendors, published and rejected records","generation":"cve-8859cf40d4337e24bd2f258cc7778fbad01bb24c79d057aaf34cf1dfc6f8917d-8bdcdeeb414e06ff50ed637d818ac25d52680d19f71fc0ebe3f4c4b3f836ed38","complete":true,"records":421927,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-10T10:21:22.8157744+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-10T09:21:38.1064889+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-10T10:21:22.8157744+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":"2026-11-10T09:20:43+00:00","importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null},{"source":"euvd","scope":"Rolling EUVD lookups of CVE aliases in current public OSV archives; 500 identifiers per refresh, rechecked after 48 hours. Not a global EUVD catalog. Successful not-found lookups count as checked; they do not imply withdrawal or safety. No reader inventory is sent.","generation":"enrichment-2e6a476534094233b48f2f0b6da5cf35","complete":true,"records":13689,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-10T10:21:50.2500014+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-10T06:05:35.03+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-10T06:05:35.03+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":null,"importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":13742,"expectedIdentifiers":13742,"failedIdentifiers":0},{"source":"first-epss:nuget","scope":"FIRST EPSS for explicit CVE aliases in the collected public NuGet archive. Not a global EPSS backfill.","generation":"2026-11-10T10:21:23.1769119+00:00","complete":true,"records":1096,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-10T10:21:23.1769119+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-10T10:21:23.4276529+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-10T10:21:23.4276532+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":null,"importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null},{"source":"nvd","scope":"Rolling NVD lookups of CVE aliases in current public OSV archives; 500 identifiers per refresh, rechecked after 48 hours. Not a global NVD catalog. Successful not-found lookups count as checked; they do not imply withdrawal or safety. No reader inventory is sent.","generation":"enrichment-b0b0499af228434598651aa5d221386e","complete":false,"records":13695,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-10T10:21:49.6403901+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-10T10:21:49.637+00:00","error":"100 identifier lookups failed; latest failures include request timeout. Other identifiers were checked independently.","lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-10T10:21:49.637+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":null,"importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":13642,"expectedIdentifiers":13742,"failedIdentifiers":100},{"source":"osv:Go","scope":"Complete OSV Go ecosystem archive, including withdrawn and malicious-package source records; statement counts are not unique CVE counts","generation":"go-cdffb4589856378aa42e8d1bd4a6c74e27a180d8160bf764c44715ef760f0a62","complete":true,"records":9932,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-10T10:21:23.1241572+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-10T00:04:19.8260565+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-10T10:21:23.1241572+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":"2026-11-09T23:48:01+00:00","importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null},{"source":"osv:NuGet","scope":"Complete OSV NuGet ecosystem archive, including GitHub Advisory Database records; NuGet version matching only","generation":"nuget-26503967ae4379db8f374089589d6e03fb15bd31f820c9e992aaf93840c2236c","complete":true,"records":1971,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-10T10:21:22.8858542+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-09T21:02:20.472473+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-10T10:21:22.8858542+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":"2026-11-09T20:18:18+00:00","importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null},{"source":"osv:crates.io","scope":"Complete OSV crates.io ecosystem archive, including withdrawn and malicious-package source records; statement counts are not unique CVE counts","generation":"crates.io-94169eec81ea3989aa551092397ff34ae53c104b4a6ce646e1524452e4ab2a39","complete":true,"records":3065,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-10T10:21:23.1397622+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-10T08:04:45.5923716+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-10T10:21:23.1397622+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":"2026-11-10T06:48:01+00:00","importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null},{"source":"osv:npm","scope":"Complete OSV npm ecosystem archive, including withdrawn and malicious-package source records; statement counts are not unique CVE counts","generation":"npm-4331051b0b2d4ccdbdca3aa196b0be3818a465064a4b18dde4cf39c2250eb490","complete":true,"records":231599,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-10T10:21:23.0142877+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-10T08:04:37.1757322+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-10T10:21:23.0142877+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":"2026-11-10T07:33:02+00:00","importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null}]}