{"id":"MAL-2026-17451","revision":null,"records":[{"revision":"d4264ffb57ea4b65b2b3da56820e2ae8","observedAt":"2026-10-24T13:17:17.793+00:00","statement":{"source":"osv","id":"MAL-2026-17451","aliases":[],"title":"Malicious code in wailib (npm)","description":"This package is a fork of the Baileys WhatsApp Web library (npm) and belongs to the \"PhantomSub\" family described by OX Security in September 2026: the publisher injected code that, without the installer asking, uses the installer's own authenticated WhatsApp session to subscribe that account to WhatsApp Channels (newsletters) the publisher chose, by sending the WhatsApp `w:mex` FOLLOW query (query_id 7871414976211147) for each target channel JID.\n\n`package/lib/Socket/messages-recv.js` lines 45-72 define a char-code decoder (`qvnr`) and use it to build two channel JIDs, `120363428355171197@newsletter` and `120363425751417260@newsletter`, and the method names `newsletterFollow` (`pzha`, cited line 62: `const pzha = qvnr([`) and `newsletterMute` (`wjcf`, line 68), so neither the JIDs nor the method names appear in the source as text. Lines 1125-1140, in the `connection.update` handler, wait 30 seconds after the connection opens and then, for each JID, call `sock[pzha](id)` to follow the channel and, 3 seconds later, `sock[wjcf](id)` to mute it, so the victim is not notified of the channel's posts. There is no opt-out. The README (Portuguese) states \"Sem auto-follow de canais — removida a rotina que seguia canais automaticamente apos conectar\" (\"No channel auto-follow — the routine that followed channels automatically after connecting was removed\"), which the shipped code contradicts. The code is derived from `noxleyss` (MAL-2026-17402), whose name it still uses in `package/lib/Utils/generics.js`.\n\nLine numbers refer to version 1.0.0.\n\nStatic review of the published tarball(s) found no code that sends WhatsApp credentials or session keys off-host, no install-time payload (the only install hook is Baileys' stock Node.js version check in `engine-requirements.js`), and no persistence; the payload runs when an application creates a WhatsApp socket with the library. The harm is the covert use of the victim's account to inflate the publisher's channel subscribers.\n\nSHA-256 of the published npm tarball(s): 1.0.0: `e762bd70253081e1f523e929509e8bd5ff005feaaec6580f8f8b95ee84085920`.","state":0,"publishedAt":"2026-10-01T23:05:37+00:00","modifiedAt":"2026-10-02T05:30:06.3526046+00:00","affected":[{"ecosystem":"npm","name":"wailib","ranges":[{"type":"SEMVER","events":[{"kind":"introduced","version":"0"}]}],"versions":["1.0.0"],"rawVersionEvidence":null}],"metrics":[],"references":["https://www.ox.security/blog/phantomsub-malicious-npm-campaign-secretly-adds-users-to-whatsapp-spam-channels/","https://www.npmjs.com/package/wailib"],"sourceUrl":"https://osv.dev/vulnerability/MAL-2026-17451","license":"OSV · upstream source license applies","key":"osv:MAL-2026-17451","identifiers":["MAL-2026-17451"]},"retained":false,"historicalAffected":[]}],"coverage":[{"source":"cisa-kev:global","scope":"Complete CISA KEV catalog; all vendors. Missing entries do not establish absence of exploitation.","generation":"2026-11-11T20:58:42.4460032+00:00","complete":true,"records":1779,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-11T20:58:42.4460032+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-11T20:58:42.6009016+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-11T20:58:42.6009024+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":null,"importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null},{"source":"cve-program","scope":"Official CVE Program baseline and cumulative hourly delta; all vendors, published and rejected records","generation":"cve-de3b77103708811b6494d2ff7c979037d73ae579742cd1649a5c765137ae5083-bc2564cf749a574ebe6216cd53b2772c98ccf01e107d9e465c7cb9637c59db40","complete":true,"records":424281,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-11T20:56:40.1262638+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-11T19:56:47.8167322+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-11T20:56:40.1262638+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":"2026-11-11T19:18:45+00:00","importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null},{"source":"euvd","scope":"Rolling EUVD lookups of CVE aliases in current public OSV archives; 500 identifiers per refresh, rechecked after 48 hours. Not a global EUVD catalog. Successful not-found lookups count as checked; they do not imply withdrawal or safety. No reader inventory is sent.","generation":"enrichment-cbeeeca22e4a4c188e95cc4f8cfc6560","complete":false,"records":13759,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-11T21:08:58.0161049+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-11T21:08:58.011+00:00","error":"249 identifier lookups failed; latest failures include AccessDenied (HTTP 403). Other identifiers were checked independently.","lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-11T21:08:58.011+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":null,"importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":13368,"expectedIdentifiers":13813,"failedIdentifiers":249},{"source":"first-epss:nuget","scope":"FIRST EPSS for explicit CVE aliases in the collected public NuGet archive. Not a global EPSS backfill.","generation":"2026-11-11T20:58:42.4460032+00:00","complete":true,"records":1097,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-11T20:58:42.4460032+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-11T20:58:42.6018487+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-11T20:58:42.6018491+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":null,"importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null},{"source":"nvd","scope":"Rolling NVD lookups of CVE aliases in current public OSV archives; 500 identifiers per refresh, rechecked after 48 hours. Not a global NVD catalog. Successful not-found lookups count as checked; they do not imply withdrawal or safety. No reader inventory is sent.","generation":"enrichment-f58072f00ed84b8dbc554f4a4e66e21a","complete":true,"records":13753,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-11T20:59:01.4643428+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-11T20:59:01.459+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-11T20:59:01.459+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":null,"importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":13813,"expectedIdentifiers":13813,"failedIdentifiers":0},{"source":"osv:Go","scope":"Complete OSV Go ecosystem archive, including withdrawn and malicious-package source records; statement counts are not unique CVE counts","generation":"go-3562b6c78fd1bd0f0b55daf66a0926ae24f65e462df7f6d928caad458fc696bf","complete":true,"records":9947,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-11T20:58:42.3041045+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-11T04:27:43.6877707+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-11T20:58:42.3041045+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":"2026-11-11T03:32:46+00:00","importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null},{"source":"osv:NuGet","scope":"Complete OSV NuGet ecosystem archive, including GitHub Advisory Database records; NuGet version matching only","generation":"nuget-456002455e0ab94bb92c95476d4e6d175c104cd594749982afd96c893728ecbc","complete":true,"records":2010,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-11T20:56:40.2809572+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-11T02:36:58.1276999+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-11T20:56:40.2809572+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":"2026-11-11T01:17:51+00:00","importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null},{"source":"osv:crates.io","scope":"Complete OSV crates.io ecosystem archive, including withdrawn and malicious-package source records; statement counts are not unique CVE counts","generation":"crates.io-baa8362b4daf9e5f39d5563775a55935e7b442c0735d33274a921579ce4a0d66","complete":true,"records":3093,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-11T20:58:42.411286+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-11T13:00:02.5446881+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-11T20:58:42.411286+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":"2026-11-11T12:47:47+00:00","importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null},{"source":"osv:npm","scope":"Complete OSV npm ecosystem archive, including withdrawn and malicious-package source records; statement counts are not unique CVE counts","generation":"npm-757d3692f9a7b34792dad960197f3cc953a54db59b7d0ffe3835a0ed9926f76b","complete":true,"records":231690,"lastAttemptAt":"2026-11-11T20:58:42.1683586+00:00","lastSuccessAt":"2026-11-11T20:58:40.6131056+00:00","error":null,"lastVerifiedAt":"2026-11-11T20:58:42.1683586+00:00","snapshotPublishedAt":"2026-11-11T20:03:03+00:00","importing":false,"stagedRecords":0,"checkedIdentifiers":null,"expectedIdentifiers":null,"failedIdentifiers":null}]}