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Kiota: XML Doc-Comment Newline Breakout Code Injection

Collected exploitation and prediction evidence

Risk source coverage

CISA KEV is observed exploitation evidence. FIRST EPSS is a dated prediction of exploitation in the next 30 days. Missing scores are unknown. This collector requests predictions only for explicit CVE aliases in the public NuGet archive; Microsoft release views retain their existing prediction scope.

CVE-2026-59860

Exact risk observation. Current source statements above are a separate evidence layer. Latest risk evidence.

No KEV entry is attached to this observation; this is not evidence that exploitation is absent.

FIRST EPSS: 1.38 % · percentile 71.95 % · scored 26 Oct 2026.

Observed 27 Oct 2026 00:23:05 UTC · Complete immutable risk JSON

cve-program · CVE-2026-59860

Published

Kiota is an OpenAPI based HTTP Client code generator. Prior to 1.29.1 and 1.32.3, Kiota is affected by a code-generation injection vulnerability in the C# XML documentation-comment sink (the description, externalDocs label, and externalDocs link fields emitted as /// … comments). When text from an OpenAPI description is written into single-line XML doc comments without stripping newline and Unicode line-terminator characters, an attacker can break out of the /// comment line and inject additional code into generated C# clients. This issue is fixed in version 1.29.1 and 1.32.3.

Source published
16 Jul 2026 14:34:24 UTC
Source modified
17 Aug 2026 15:01:37 UTC
Observed here
23 Oct 2026 15:48:27 UTC
Source terms
CVE Program Terms of Use

Original source record · Cite this exact observation · Complete original publisher JSON

This view projects the publisher's source fields for reading; the original JSON retains additional fields and CVE enrichment containers. Attribution: cve-program · CVE Program Terms of Use. Source text is retained; field grouping and change labels are provided by ChangeIntel.

CVSS 4.0 · 8.7 CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

nvd · CVE-2026-59860

Published

Kiota is an OpenAPI based HTTP Client code generator. Prior to 1.29.1 and 1.32.3, Kiota is affected by a code-generation injection vulnerability in the C# XML documentation-comment sink (the description, externalDocs label, and externalDocs link fields emitted as /// … comments). When text from an OpenAPI description is written into single-line XML doc comments without stripping newline and Unicode line-terminator characters, an attacker can break out of the /// comment line and inject additional code into generated C# clients. This issue is fixed in version 1.29.1 and 1.32.3.

NVD analysis and CPE criteria are source context, not proof that a package or your environment is affected. Complete affected data, logical configurations and SSVC are retained in the original JSON.

Source analysis status: Deferred

Weakness classifications: CWE-94

Original publisher date fields

published: 2026-07-16T15:16:35.310

lastModified: 2026-10-24T21:10:00.130

Source published
16 Jul 2026 15:16:35 UTC
Source modified
24 Oct 2026 21:10:00 UTC
Observed here
25 Oct 2026 14:19:22 UTC
Source terms
NIST NVD usage terms; underlying source attribution retained

Original source record · Cite this exact observation · Complete original publisher JSON

This view projects the publisher's source fields for reading; the original JSON retains additional fields and CVE enrichment containers. Attribution: nvd · NIST NVD usage terms; underlying source attribution retained. Source text is retained; field grouping and change labels are provided by ChangeIntel.

CVSS 4.0 · [email protected] · Secondary · 8.7 CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

osv · GHSA-3hrf-2gc2-mx32

Published

### Summary Kiota versions **prior to 1.32.3 and 1.29.1** are affected by a code-generation injection vulnerability in the C# XML documentation-comment sink (the `description`, `externalDocs` label, and `externalDocs` link fields emitted as `/// …` comments). When text from an OpenAPI description is written into single-line XML doc comments without stripping newline and Unicode line-terminator characters, an attacker can break out of the `///` comment line and inject additional code into generated C# clients. ## Impact and Preconditions This issue is only practically exploitable when: 1. the OpenAPI description used for generation is from an **untrusted source**, or 2. a normally trusted OpenAPI description has been **compromised/tampered with**. The injected code is compiled (and may execute) when the developer or CI **builds** the generated client. If you only generate from trusted, integrity-protected API descriptions, risk is significantly reduced. ## Affected Versions - **Affected:** all versions **< 1.29.1**, **>= 1.30.0, < 1.32.3** - **Fixed: 1.29.1, 1.32.3,** and later ## Illustrative Exploit Example ### Example OpenAPI fragment (malicious description) ```yaml openapi: 3.0.1 info: title: Exploit Demo version: 1.0.0 description: |- Legitimate summary text public static class Pwned { static Pwned() { System.Diagnostics.Process.Start("calc.exe"); } } ``` The newline inside `description` (also exploitable via `\r`, U+0085, U+2028, U+2029) terminates the doc-comment line. ### Example generated C# snippet before fix (illustrative) ```csharp /// Legitimate summary text public static class Pwned { static Pwned() { System.Diagnostics.Process.Start("calc.exe"); } } ``` The injected payload escapes the intended `///` comment context and introduces attacker-controlled statements in generated code. > Note: this exploit is not limited to the `description` field, but may also impact the `externalDocs` label and link text and other doc-comment-derived locations. ## Remediation 1. Upgrade Kiota to **1.32.3 or later**. 2. Regenerate/refresh existing generated clients as a precaution: Refreshing generated clients ensures previously generated vulnerable code is replaced with hardened output. The fix (PR microsoft/kiota#7831) strips `\r`, `\n`, `\u0085`, `\u2028`, `\u2029` (and normalizes tabs) from description, label, and link text before emitting doc comments.

Source published
24 Jul 2026 15:30:47 UTC
Source modified
17 Aug 2026 15:00:08 UTC
Observed here
23 Oct 2026 16:01:25 UTC
Source terms
GitHub Advisory Database · CC-BY-4.0

Original source record · Cite this exact observation · Complete original publisher JSON

This view projects the publisher's source fields for reading; the original JSON retains additional fields and CVE enrichment containers. Attribution: osv · GitHub Advisory Database · CC-BY-4.0. Source text is retained; field grouping and change labels are provided by ChangeIntel.

CVSS_V4 · CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Publisher rating · HIGH

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Sources read 27 Oct 10:14 UTC · 272 of 272 readable · 271 fully read · documentation 469/469 current