GHSA-3vh9-9frp-jhqvPublished

OpenTofu before 1.11.4 Denial of Service via malicious zip

Collected exploitation and prediction evidence

CISA KEV is observed exploitation evidence. FIRST EPSS is a dated prediction of exploitation in the next 30 days. Missing scores are unknown. This collector requests predictions only for explicit CVE aliases in the public NuGet archive; Microsoft release views retain their existing prediction scope.

No collected risk observation for these identifiers. This does not establish absence of exploitation or a zero probability.

cve-program · CVE-2026-74797

Published

OpenTofu versions before 1.11.4 contain a denial of service vulnerability in the tofu init command when processing maliciously-crafted .zip archives for provider or module packages. Attackers can cause excessive CPU usage by controlling .zip archive content served during dependency installation, degrading system performance and preventing timely completion of the init process.

Source published: 16 Aug 2026 13:14:19 UTC
Source modified: 8 Oct 2026 15:24:47 UTC
Observed here: 23 Oct 2026 15:48:27 UTC
Source terms: CVE Program Terms of Use

Original source record · Cite this exact observation · Complete original publisher JSON

This view projects the publisher's source fields for reading; the original JSON retains additional fields and CVE enrichment containers. Attribution: cve-program · CVE Program Terms of Use. Source text is retained; field grouping and change labels are provided by ChangeIntel.

CVSS 4.0 · 2.3 CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

CVSS 3.1 · 3.1 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L

euvd · EUVD-2026-59962

Published

EUVD source date text has no stated timezone and is retained without inventing a UTC instant. Related bulletin membership is not an alias, common cause or applicability claim. A missing vector with a zero score is treated as unrated. Complete vendor/product and underlying source evidence remains in the original JSON.

Original publisher date fields

datePublished: Aug 16, 2026, 1:14:19 PM

dateUpdated: Oct 8, 2026, 3:24:47 PM

Source published: Aug 16, 2026, 1:14:19 PM (timezone not stated)
Source modified: Oct 8, 2026, 3:24:47 PM (timezone not stated)
Observed here: 9 Nov 2026 15:11:45 UTC
Source terms: ENISA EUVD · source terms and attribution apply

Original source record · Cite this exact observation · Complete original publisher JSON

This view projects the publisher's source fields for reading; the original JSON retains additional fields and CVE enrichment containers. Attribution: euvd · ENISA EUVD · source terms and attribution apply. Source text is retained; field grouping and change labels are provided by ChangeIntel.

EUVD CVSS 4.0 · 2.3 CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

nvd · CVE-2026-74797

Published

NVD analysis and CPE criteria are source context, not proof that a package or your environment is affected. Complete affected data, logical configurations and SSVC are retained in the original JSON.

Source analysis status: Awaiting Analysis

Weakness classifications: CWE-400

Original publisher date fields

published: 2026-08-16T14:16:57.930

lastModified: 2026-10-08T16:17:38.650

Source published: 16 Aug 2026 14:16:57 UTC
Source modified: 8 Oct 2026 16:17:38 UTC
Observed here: 25 Oct 2026 15:19:09 UTC
Source terms: NIST NVD usage terms; underlying source attribution retained

Original source record · Cite this exact observation · Complete original publisher JSON

This view projects the publisher's source fields for reading; the original JSON retains additional fields and CVE enrichment containers. Attribution: nvd · NIST NVD usage terms; underlying source attribution retained. Source text is retained; field grouping and change labels are provided by ChangeIntel.

CVSS 4.0 · [email protected] · Secondary · 2.3 CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

CVSS 3.1 · [email protected] · Secondary · 3.1 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L

osv · GHSA-r92c-9c7f-3pj8

Published

### Impact Unauthenticated denial of service. ### Summary When installing module packages from attacker-controlled sources, `tofu init` may cause high CPU usage when encountering maliciously-crafted `.zip` archives for either provider or module distribution packages. Those who depend on modules or providers served from untrusted third-party servers may experience denial of service due to `tofu init` failing to complete in a timely manner. Other processes running on the same computer as OpenTofu may also have their performance degraded due to the high CPU usage. These vulnerabilities **do not** permit arbitrary code execution or allow disclosure of confidential information. ### Details OpenTofu relies on a third-party implementation of `.zip` archive extraction from the standard library of the Go programming language. The Go project has recently published a minor release (Go 1.25.6) to address a problem of potential excessive CPU usage when accessing files in a maliciously-crafted `.zip` archive. OpenTofu's threat model considers module and package dependencies to be arbitrary third-party code that operators must carefully review after installation. However, this particular problem affects the process of installing these dependencies with `tofu init`, and so can potentially occur before an operator has had the opportunity to review what is being installed. An attacker can exploit this by controlling the content of a package served when OpenTofu is expecting to receive a archive using the `.zip` format, during either provider or module package installation. However, the attacker must also coerce an OpenTofu operator into attempting dependency installation from a source that they control. Typical use of OpenTofu already requires caution in selection of third-party dependencies because they are arbitrary code, and so the vulnerability here is only in the addition of a potential denial of service in the `tofu init` process, which does not execute third-party dependency code itself. ### Patches OpenTofu v1.11.4 addresses these vulnerabilities by being built against Go 1.25.6, which contains an improved version of the upstream implementation. ### Workarounds These vulnerabilities can be exploited only if an attacker can coerce an operator to add a dependency from an attacker-controlled source to their configuration before running `tofu init`. Those who are unable to immediately upgrade can therefore minimize risk by reviewing new dependencies before adding them to the configuration, such as by directly fetching the relevant artifacts using software other than OpenTofu. Successful exploitation requires that the attacker control a `.zip` archive that OpenTofu would fetch and extract during the provider or module installation processes. Note that OpenTofu modules can have their own dependencies on other providers and modules, so an attacker could potentially use a module served from a source such as GitHub or the OpenTofu Registry to indirectly request a provider or module package from a server that they control. ### References - [OpenTofu v1..11.4 release notes](https://github.com/opentofu/opentofu/releases/tag/v1.11.4) - [golang/go#77102](https://github.com/golang/go/issues/77102)

Source published: 21 Jan 2026 22:58:42 UTC
Source modified: 10 Sep 2026 03:50:59 UTC
Observed here: 24 Oct 2026 13:19:41 UTC
Source terms: GitHub Advisory Database · CC-BY-4.0

Original source record · Cite this exact observation · Complete original publisher JSON

This view projects the publisher's source fields for reading; the original JSON retains additional fields and CVE enrichment containers. Attribution: osv · GitHub Advisory Database · CC-BY-4.0. Source text is retained; field grouping and change labels are provided by ChangeIntel.

CVSS_V3 · CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L

Publisher rating · LOW

osv · GO-2026-4352

Published

OpenTofu has High CPU usage in "tofu init" with maliciously-crafted module packages in .zip format in github.com/opentofu/opentofu

Source published: 2 Feb 2026 21:05:55 UTC
Source modified: 17 Aug 2026 03:55:57 UTC
Observed here: 24 Oct 2026 13:19:41 UTC
Source terms: OSV · upstream source license applies

Original source record · Cite this exact observation · Complete original publisher JSON

This view projects the publisher's source fields for reading; the original JSON retains additional fields and CVE enrichment containers. Attribution: osv · OSV · upstream source license applies. Source text is retained; field grouping and change labels are provided by ChangeIntel.