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CVE-2026-125107

Muhammara: NULL pointer dereference in LZWDecode filter when DecodeParms omits EarlyChange key

CVSS 3.1 7.5 HIGHEUVD CVSS 3.1 7.5 CVSS 3.1 · [email protected] · Secondary 7.5 HIGHCVSS_V3 Publisher rating HIGHFixed by muhammara 6.0.5KEV status unknown
Original advisory

cve-program · CVE-2026-125107

Published

Muhammara is a node module with c/cpp bindings to modify PDF with JavaScript for node or electron. Prior to 6.0.5, Muhammara PDFParser::CreateFilterForStream() in src/deps/PDFWriter/PDFParser.cpp dereferences a null PDFInteger pointer when a PDF stream uses the LZWDecode filter with a DecodeParms dictionary that omits the EarlyChange key. An application that processes an untrusted PDF and reads the affected stream can crash, causing a denial of service. This issue is fixed in version 6.0.5.

Read the publisher's advisory

euvd · EUVD-2026-120461

Published

Muhammara is a node module with c/cpp bindings to modify PDF with JavaScript for node or electron. Prior to 6.0.5, Muhammara PDFParser::CreateFilterForStream() in src/deps/PDFWriter/PDFParser.cpp dereferences a null PDFInteger pointer when a PDF stream uses the LZWDecode filter with a DecodeParms dictionary that omits the EarlyChange key. An application that processes an untrusted PDF and reads the affected stream can crash, causing a denial of service. This issue is fixed in version 6.0.5.

Read the publisher's advisory

nvd · CVE-2026-125107

Published

Muhammara is a node module with c/cpp bindings to modify PDF with JavaScript for node or electron. Prior to 6.0.5, Muhammara PDFParser::CreateFilterForStream() in src/deps/PDFWriter/PDFParser.cpp dereferences a null PDFInteger pointer when a PDF stream uses the LZWDecode filter with a DecodeParms dictionary that omits the EarlyChange key. An application that processes an untrusted PDF and reads the affected stream can crash, causing a denial of service. This issue is fixed in version 6.0.5.

Read the publisher's advisory

osv · GHSA-fhp4-pr5j-46m5

Published

## Summary A NULL pointer dereference vulnerability exists in `PDFParser::CreateFilterForStream()` when processing a PDF stream with `/Filter /LZWDecode` and a `/DecodeParms` dictionary that does not contain the `EarlyChange` key. This causes an access violation (0xC0000005) and crashes the process. ## Affected Version muhammara <= 6.0.4 (latest) ## Vulnerability Details **File:** `src/deps/PDFWriter/PDFParser.cpp` line 2107 ```cpp if (inDecodeParams) { PDFObjectCastPtr<PDFInteger> earlyObj( QueryDictionaryObject(inDecodeParams, "EarlyChange") ); early = earlyObj->GetValue(); // NULL dereference when EarlyChange key is absent } ``` When `inDecodeParams` is non-NULL but lacks the `EarlyChange` key: 1. `QueryDictionaryObject()` returns NULL 2. `PDFObjectCastPtr<PDFInteger>(NULL)` wraps NULL 3. `earlyObj->GetValue()` dereferences NULL → crash ## PoC 460-byte malicious PDF triggers crash via `startReadingFromStream()`: - PDF contains `/Filter /LZWDecode` with `/DecodeParms << >>` (empty, no EarlyChange) - Exit code: `0xC0000005` (Access Violation) ## Fix ```cpp if (earlyObj) early = earlyObj->GetValue(); ``` ## Impact Any application accepting untrusted PDFs and using muhammara to read stream contents is vulnerable to DoS. Similar to: CVE-2022-41957, CVE-2022-39381 ## PoC File [poc_muhammara_lzw_null.js](https://github.com/user-attachments/files/27186113/poc_muhammara_lzw_null.js)

Read the publisher's advisory

Affected versions, risk and source history

Exploitation and risk

Source status

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cve-program · CVE-2026-125107

Published

Muhammara: NULL pointer dereference in LZWDecode filter when DecodeParms omits EarlyChange key

Muhammara is a node module with c/cpp bindings to modify PDF with JavaScript for node or electron. Prior to 6.0.5, Muhammara PDFParser::CreateFilterForStream() in src/deps/PDFWriter/PDFParser.cpp dereferences a null PDFInteger pointer when a PDF stream uses the LZWDecode filter with a DecodeParms dictionary that omits the EarlyChange key. An application that processes an untrusted PDF and reads the affected stream can crash, causing a denial of service. This issue is fixed in version 6.0.5.

Source published
9 Nov 2026 21:29:35 UTC
Source modified
10 Nov 2026 16:13:16 UTC
Saved here
10 Nov 2026 18:21:22 UTC
Source terms
CVE Program Terms of Use

Original source record · Cite this exact observation · Complete original publisher JSON

Source: cve-program · CVE Program Terms of Use. The publisher's wording is preserved. ChangeIntel groups the information and labels changes. The JSON record includes additional source fields.

CVSS 3.1 · 7.5 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

euvd · EUVD-2026-120461

Published

Muhammara is a node module with c/cpp bindings to modify PDF with JavaScript for node or electron. Prior to 6.0.5, Muhammara PDFParser::CreateFilterForStream() in src/deps/PDFWriter/PDFParser.cpp dereferences a null PDFInteger pointer when …

Muhammara is a node module with c/cpp bindings to modify PDF with JavaScript for node or electron. Prior to 6.0.5, Muhammara PDFParser::CreateFilterForStream() in src/deps/PDFWriter/PDFParser.cpp dereferences a null PDFInteger pointer when a PDF stream uses the LZWDecode filter with a DecodeParms dictionary that omits the EarlyChange key. An application that processes an untrusted PDF and reads the affected stream can crash, causing a denial of service. This issue is fixed in version 6.0.5.

Additional publisher context

EUVD source date text has no stated timezone and is retained without inventing a UTC instant. Related bulletin membership is not an alias, common cause or applicability claim. A missing vector with a zero score is treated as unrated. Complete vendor/product and underlying source evidence remains in the original JSON.

Original publisher date fields

datePublished: Nov 9, 2026, 9:29:35 PM

dateUpdated: Nov 10, 2026, 4:13:16 PM

Source published
Nov 9, 2026, 9:29:35 PM (timezone not stated)
Source modified
Nov 10, 2026, 4:13:16 PM (timezone not stated)
Saved here
14 Nov 2026 06:11:40 UTC
Source terms
ENISA EUVD · source terms and attribution apply

Original source record · Cite this exact observation · Complete original publisher JSON

Source: euvd · ENISA EUVD · source terms and attribution apply. The publisher's wording is preserved. ChangeIntel groups the information and labels changes. The JSON record includes additional source fields.

EUVD CVSS 3.1 · 7.5 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

nvd · CVE-2026-125107

Published

Muhammara is a node module with c/cpp bindings to modify PDF with JavaScript for node or electron. Prior to 6.0.5, Muhammara PDFParser::CreateFilterForStream() in src/deps/PDFWriter/PDFParser.cpp dereferences a null PDFInteger pointer when …

Muhammara is a node module with c/cpp bindings to modify PDF with JavaScript for node or electron. Prior to 6.0.5, Muhammara PDFParser::CreateFilterForStream() in src/deps/PDFWriter/PDFParser.cpp dereferences a null PDFInteger pointer when a PDF stream uses the LZWDecode filter with a DecodeParms dictionary that omits the EarlyChange key. An application that processes an untrusted PDF and reads the affected stream can crash, causing a denial of service. This issue is fixed in version 6.0.5.

Additional publisher context

NVD analysis and CPE criteria are source context, not proof that a package or your environment is affected. Complete affected data, logical configurations and SSVC are retained in the original JSON.

Source analysis status: Deferred

Weakness classifications: CWE-476

Original publisher date fields

published: 2026-11-09T22:18:41.813

lastModified: 2026-11-12T22:18:51.470

Source published
9 Nov 2026 22:18:41 UTC
Source modified
12 Nov 2026 22:18:51 UTC
Saved here
13 Nov 2026 22:59:46 UTC
Source terms
NIST NVD usage terms; underlying source attribution retained

Original source record · Cite this exact observation · Complete original publisher JSON

Source: nvd · NIST NVD usage terms; underlying source attribution retained. The publisher's wording is preserved. ChangeIntel groups the information and labels changes. The JSON record includes additional source fields.

CVSS 3.1 · [email protected] · Secondary · 7.5 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

osv · GHSA-fhp4-pr5j-46m5

Published

Muhammara has a NULL pointer dereference in LZWDecode filter when DecodeParms omits EarlyChange key

## Summary A NULL pointer dereference vulnerability exists in `PDFParser::CreateFilterForStream()` when processing a PDF stream with `/Filter /LZWDecode` and a `/DecodeParms` dictionary that does not contain the `EarlyChange` key. This causes an access violation (0xC0000005) and crashes the process. ## Affected Version muhammara <= 6.0.4 (latest) ## Vulnerability Details **File:** `src/deps/PDFWriter/PDFParser.cpp` line 2107 ```cpp if (inDecodeParams) { PDFObjectCastPtr<PDFInteger> earlyObj( QueryDictionaryObject(inDecodeParams, "EarlyChange") ); early = earlyObj->GetValue(); // NULL dereference when EarlyChange key is absent } ``` When `inDecodeParams` is non-NULL but lacks the `EarlyChange` key: 1. `QueryDictionaryObject()` returns NULL 2. `PDFObjectCastPtr<PDFInteger>(NULL)` wraps NULL 3. `earlyObj->GetValue()` dereferences NULL → crash ## PoC 460-byte malicious PDF triggers crash via `startReadingFromStream()`: - PDF contains `/Filter /LZWDecode` with `/DecodeParms << >>` (empty, no EarlyChange) - Exit code: `0xC0000005` (Access Violation) ## Fix ```cpp if (earlyObj) early = earlyObj->GetValue(); ``` ## Impact Any application accepting untrusted PDFs and using muhammara to read stream contents is vulnerable to DoS. Similar to: CVE-2022-41957, CVE-2022-39381 ## PoC File [poc_muhammara_lzw_null.js](https://github.com/user-attachments/files/27186113/poc_muhammara_lzw_null.js)

Source published
26 Jun 2026 20:55:18 UTC
Source modified
9 Nov 2026 21:45:11 UTC
Saved here
9 Nov 2026 22:02:23 UTC
Source terms
GitHub Advisory Database · CC-BY-4.0

Original source record · Cite this exact observation · Complete original publisher JSON

Source: osv · GitHub Advisory Database · CC-BY-4.0. The publisher's wording is preserved. ChangeIntel groups the information and labels changes. The JSON record includes additional source fields.

CVSS_V3 · CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Publisher rating · HIGH

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