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CVE-2026-93606

vm2 before 3.12.1 Sandbox Escape via Promise Symbol.species

CVSS 4.0 10.0 CRITICALCVSS 3.1 10.0 CRITICALCheck source for fixed versionsKEV status unknown
Original advisory

cve-program · CVE-2026-93606

Published

vm2 (npm) versions 3.12.0 and earlier contain a sandbox escape in `VM` and `NodeVM`. When an embedder exposes a host API that returns a host-realm Promise, the bridge's rejection sanitizer (hostPromiseSanitizeReject / makeSanitizedPromiseCallback / normalizeHostPromiseCallbacks in lib/bridge.js) only wraps `then`/`catch` rejection slots that hold a function, and the sandbox-side `Symbol.species`/`.then` neutralization is installed only on the sandbox intrinsic `Promise.prototype`, so it never applies to a host Promise. Code running inside the sandbox can overwrite `p.constructor[Symbol.species]` on the host Promise and then call `p.then()` with no `onRejected` handler; V8 substitutes its internal Thrower, which re-throws the raw host rejection value into a resolve/reject closure captured by the attacker. This delivers an unsanitized, fully functional bridge proxy of the host object to sandboxed code, bypassing handleException and hostPromiseSanitizeReject. If the rejection value is host-pivotable (for example a host `process` object), this results in arbitrary code execution on the host. Fixed in 3.12.1.

Read the publisher's advisory

Affected versions, risk and source history

cve-program · CVE-2026-93606

Published

vm2

Vendor product

Publisher's version information

Shown as published. These rules are not interpreted as NuGet package version ranges.

{
                    "vendor": "patriksimek",
                    "product": "vm2",
                    "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
                    "packageURL": "pkg:npm/vm2",
                    "versions": [
                        {
                            "version": "0",
                            "status": "affected",
                            "versionType": "semver",
                            "lessThan": "3.12.1"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "3.12.1",
                            "status": "unaffected",
                            "versionType": "semver"
                        }
                    ]
                }

Original source record · Cite this exact observation · Complete original publisher JSON

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