EUVD-2026-9911Published

OpenClaw voice-call < 2026.2.3 - Webhook Verification Bypass via Forwarded Headers

Collected exploitation and prediction evidence

CISA KEV is observed exploitation evidence. FIRST EPSS is a dated prediction of exploitation in the next 30 days. Missing scores are unknown. This collector requests predictions only for explicit CVE aliases in the public NuGet archive; Microsoft release views retain their existing prediction scope.

No collected risk observation for these identifiers. This does not establish absence of exploitation or a zero probability.

cve-program · CVE-2026-28465

Published

OpenClaw's voice-call plugin versions before 2026.2.3 contain an improper authentication vulnerability in webhook verification that allows remote attackers to bypass verification by supplying untrusted forwarded headers. Attackers can spoof webhook events by manipulating Forwarded or X-Forwarded-* headers in reverse-proxy configurations that implicitly trust these headers.

Source published: 5 Mar 2026 21:59:41 UTC
Source modified: 1 Oct 2026 15:19:53 UTC
Observed here: 23 Oct 2026 15:48:27 UTC
Source terms: CVE Program Terms of Use

Original source record · Cite this exact observation · Complete original publisher JSON

This view projects the publisher's source fields for reading; the original JSON retains additional fields and CVE enrichment containers. Attribution: cve-program · CVE Program Terms of Use. Source text is retained; field grouping and change labels are provided by ChangeIntel.

CVSS 4.0 · 8.2 CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

CVSS 3.1 · 5.9 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N

euvd · EUVD-2026-9911

Published

EUVD source date text has no stated timezone and is retained without inventing a UTC instant. Related bulletin membership is not an alias, common cause or applicability claim. A missing vector with a zero score is treated as unrated. Complete vendor/product and underlying source evidence remains in the original JSON.

Original publisher date fields

datePublished: Mar 5, 2026, 9:59:41 PM

dateUpdated: Oct 1, 2026, 3:19:53 PM

1 related source bulletins · separate from aliases

WID-SEC-W-2026-0424: OpenClaw: Mehrere Schwachstellen

CVE-2026-28391 · CVE-2026-28392 · CVE-2026-28393 · CVE-2026-28395 · CVE-2026-28446 · CVE-2026-28447 · CVE-2026-28448 · CVE-2026-28450 · CVE-2026-28451 · CVE-2026-28452 · CVE-2026-28453 · CVE-2026-28454 · CVE-2026-28456 · CVE-2026-28457 · CVE-2026-28458 · CVE-2026-28459 · CVE-2026-28462 · CVE-2026-28463 · CVE-2026-28464 · CVE-2026-28465 · CVE-2026-28466 · CVE-2026-28467 · CVE-2026-28468 · CVE-2026-28469 · CVE-2026-28470 · CVE-2026-28471 · CVE-2026-28472 · CVE-2026-28473 · CVE-2026-28474 · CVE-2026-28475 · CVE-2026-28476 · CVE-2026-28477 · CVE-2026-28478 · CVE-2026-28480 · CVE-2026-28481 · CVE-2026-28482 · CVE-2026-28485 · CVE-2026-28486 · CVE-2026-29606 · CVE-2026-29609 · CVE-2026-29610 · CVE-2026-29611 · CVE-2026-29612 · CVE-2026-29613

Source published: Mar 5, 2026, 9:59:41 PM (timezone not stated)
Source modified: Oct 1, 2026, 3:19:53 PM (timezone not stated)
Observed here: 11 Nov 2026 07:33:25 UTC
Source terms: ENISA EUVD · source terms and attribution apply

Original source record · Cite this exact observation · Complete original publisher JSON

This view projects the publisher's source fields for reading; the original JSON retains additional fields and CVE enrichment containers. Attribution: euvd · ENISA EUVD · source terms and attribution apply. Source text is retained; field grouping and change labels are provided by ChangeIntel.

EUVD CVSS 4.0 · 8.2 CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

nvd · CVE-2026-28465

Published

NVD analysis and CPE criteria are source context, not proof that a package or your environment is affected. Complete affected data, logical configurations and SSVC are retained in the original JSON.

Source analysis status: Modified

Weakness classifications: CWE-290

Original publisher date fields

published: 2026-03-05T22:16:19.593

lastModified: 2026-09-17T18:16:40.473

1 source CPE criteria · context only

cpe:2.3:a:openclaw:openclaw:*:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*

The original JSON retains the logical configuration operators, exclusions and version bounds.

Source published: 5 Mar 2026 22:16:19 UTC
Source modified: 17 Sep 2026 18:16:40 UTC
Observed here: 25 Oct 2026 07:19:03 UTC
Source terms: NIST NVD usage terms; underlying source attribution retained

Original source record · Cite this exact observation · Complete original publisher JSON

This view projects the publisher's source fields for reading; the original JSON retains additional fields and CVE enrichment containers. Attribution: nvd · NIST NVD usage terms; underlying source attribution retained. Source text is retained; field grouping and change labels are provided by ChangeIntel.

CVSS 4.0 · [email protected] · Secondary · 8.2 CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

CVSS 3.1 · [email protected] · Secondary · 5.9 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N

CVSS 3.1 · [email protected] · Primary · 7.5 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N

osv · GHSA-3m3q-x3gj-f79x

Published

## Affected Packages / Versions This issue affects the optional voice-call plugin only. It is not enabled by default; it only applies to installations where the plugin is installed and enabled. - Package: `@openclaw/voice-call` - Vulnerable versions: `< 2026.2.3` - Patched versions: `>= 2026.2.3` Legacy package name (if you are still using it): - Package: `@clawdbot/voice-call` - Vulnerable versions: `<= 2026.1.24` - Patched versions: none published under this package name; migrate to `@openclaw/voice-call` ## Summary In certain reverse-proxy / forwarding setups, webhook verification can be bypassed if untrusted forwarded headers are accepted. ## Impact An external party may be able to send voice-call webhook requests that are accepted as valid, which can result in spoofed webhook events being processed. ## Root Cause Some deployments implicitly trusted forwarded headers (for example `Forwarded` / `X-Forwarded-*`) when determining request properties used during webhook verification. If those headers are not overwritten by a trusted proxy, a client can supply them directly and influence verification. ## Resolution Ignore forwarded headers by default unless explicitly trusted and allowlisted in configuration. Keep any loopback-only development bypass restricted to local development only. Upgrade to a patched version. If you cannot upgrade immediately, strip `Forwarded` and `X-Forwarded-*` headers at the edge so clients cannot supply them directly. ## Fix Commit(s) - `a749db9820eb6d6224032a5a34223d286d2dcc2f` ## Credits Thanks `@0x5t` for reporting.

Source published: 17 Feb 2026 21:31:58 UTC
Source modified: 9 Mar 2026 21:01:22 UTC
Observed here: 24 Oct 2026 13:17:17 UTC
Source terms: GitHub Advisory Database · CC-BY-4.0

Original source record · Cite this exact observation · Complete original publisher JSON

This view projects the publisher's source fields for reading; the original JSON retains additional fields and CVE enrichment containers. Attribution: osv · GitHub Advisory Database · CC-BY-4.0. Source text is retained; field grouping and change labels are provided by ChangeIntel.

CVSS_V3 · CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N

CVSS_V4 · CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Publisher rating · HIGH