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Axios: Header Injection via Prototype Pollution

Exploitation and risk

Source status

CISA KEV lists vulnerabilities known to be exploited. FIRST EPSS estimates the likelihood of exploitation in the next 30 days. An unavailable score does not mean zero risk.

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cve-program · CVE-2026-42035

Published

Axios is a promise based HTTP client for the browser and Node.js. Prior to 1.15.1 and 0.31.1, a prototype pollution gadget exists in the Axios HTTP adapter (lib/adapters/http.js) that allows an attacker to inject arbitrary HTTP headers into outgoing requests. The vulnerability exploits duck-type checking of the data payload, where if Object.prototype is polluted with getHeaders, append, pipe, on, once, and Symbol.toStringTag, Axios misidentifies any plain object payload as a FormData instance and calls the attacker-controlled getHeaders() function, merging the returned headers into the outgoing request. The vulnerable code resides exclusively in lib/adapters/http.js. The prototype pollution source does not need to originate from Axios itself — any prototype pollution primitive in any dependency in the application's dependency tree is sufficient to trigger this gadget. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.15.1 and 0.31.1.

Source published
24 Apr 2026 17:38:07 UTC
Source modified
25 Apr 2026 03:55:59 UTC
Saved here
23 Oct 2026 15:48:27 UTC
Source terms
CVE Program Terms of Use

Original source record · Cite this exact observation · Complete original publisher JSON

Source: cve-program · CVE Program Terms of Use. The publisher's wording is preserved. ChangeIntel groups the information and labels changes. The JSON record includes additional source fields.

CVSS 3.1 · 7.4 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N

euvd · EUVD-2026-25589

Published

Axios is a promise based HTTP client for the browser and Node.js. Prior to 1.15.1 and 0.31.1, a prototype pollution gadget exists in the Axios HTTP adapter (lib/adapters/http.js) that allows an attacker to inject arbitrary HTTP headers into outgoing requests. The vulnerability exploits duck-type checking of the data payload, where if Object.prototype is polluted with getHeaders, append, pipe, on, once, and Symbol.toStringTag, Axios misidentifies any plain object payload as a FormData instance and calls the attacker-controlled getHeaders() function, merging the returned headers into the outgoing request. The vulnerable code resides exclusively in lib/adapters/http.js. The prototype pollution source does not need to originate from Axios itself — any prototype pollution primitive in any dependency in the application's dependency tree is sufficient to trigger this gadget. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.15.1 and 0.31.1.

Additional publisher context

EUVD source date text has no stated timezone and is retained without inventing a UTC instant. Related bulletin membership is not an alias, common cause or applicability claim. A missing vector with a zero score is treated as unrated. Complete vendor/product and underlying source evidence remains in the original JSON.

Original publisher date fields

datePublished: Apr 24, 2026, 5:38:07 PM

dateUpdated: Apr 25, 2026, 3:55:59 AM

43 related source bulletins · separate from aliases

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RHSA-2026:25271: Red Hat Security Advisory: multicluster engine for Kubernetes v2.11.0 General Availability

CVE-2026-6322 · CVE-2026-29181 · CVE-2026-40895 · CVE-2026-42033 · CVE-2026-42035 · CVE-2026-42039 · CVE-2026-42041 · CVE-2026-42043 · CVE-2026-42044

RHSA-2026:25041: Red Hat Security Advisory: Red Hat Migration Toolkit for Containers

CVE-2026-25639 · CVE-2026-40175 · CVE-2026-42033 · CVE-2026-42035 · CVE-2026-42039 · CVE-2026-42041 · CVE-2026-42043 · CVE-2026-42044

RHSA-2026:22840: Red Hat Security Advisory: Red Hat Quay 3.10.22

CVE-2025-62718 · CVE-2026-2377 · CVE-2026-4598 · CVE-2026-32280 · CVE-2026-32281 · CVE-2026-32282 · CVE-2026-32589 · CVE-2026-32590 · CVE-2026-33894 · CVE-2026-34986 · CVE-2026-39892 · CVE-2026-40192 · CVE-2026-40895 · CVE-2026-42033 · CVE-2026-42035 · CVE-2026-42039 · CVE-2026-42041 · CVE-2026-42043 · CVE-2026-42044

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CVE-2025-13465 · CVE-2025-47907 · CVE-2025-48431 · CVE-2025-61726 · CVE-2025-61728 · CVE-2025-61729 · CVE-2025-62718 · CVE-2026-22029 · CVE-2026-22610 · CVE-2026-25639 · CVE-2026-25681 · CVE-2026-29063 · CVE-2026-32285 · CVE-2026-33186 · CVE-2026-33487 · CVE-2026-40175 · CVE-2026-40293 · CVE-2026-40895 · CVE-2026-41602 · CVE-2026-41603 · CVE-2026-41604 · CVE-2026-41605 · CVE-2026-41606 · CVE-2026-41607 · CVE-2026-42033 · CVE-2026-42035 · CVE-2026-42039 · CVE-2026-42041 · CVE-2026-42043 · CVE-2026-42044 · CVE-2026-43869 · CVE-2026-43870 · CVE-2026-44486 · CVE-2026-44487 · CVE-2026-44488 · CVE-2026-44492 · CVE-2026-44494 · CVE-2026-44495 · CVE-2026-44496 · CVE-2026-44990

RHSA-2026:16476: Red Hat Security Advisory: Kiali 1.73.30 for Red Hat OpenShift Service Mesh 2.6

CVE-2026-32280 · CVE-2026-40895 · CVE-2026-41240 · CVE-2026-42033 · CVE-2026-42035 · CVE-2026-42039 · CVE-2026-42041 · CVE-2026-42043

RHSA-2026:22465: Red Hat Security Advisory: Red Hat Quay 3.17.2

CVE-2025-62718 · CVE-2026-4427 · CVE-2026-27459 · CVE-2026-29063 · CVE-2026-29074 · CVE-2026-32280 · CVE-2026-32281 · CVE-2026-32282 · CVE-2026-32286 · CVE-2026-32589 · CVE-2026-32590 · CVE-2026-33186 · CVE-2026-33747 · CVE-2026-33894 · CVE-2026-34986 · CVE-2026-39892 · CVE-2026-40192 · CVE-2026-40895 · CVE-2026-42033 · CVE-2026-42035 · CVE-2026-42039 · CVE-2026-42041 · CVE-2026-42043 · CVE-2026-42044 · CVE-2026-44486 · CVE-2026-44487 · CVE-2026-44488 · CVE-2026-44492 · CVE-2026-44494 · CVE-2026-44495 · CVE-2026-44496

RHSA-2026:20889: Red Hat Security Advisory: RHACS 4.10.3 security and bug fix update

CVE-2025-62718 · CVE-2026-25679 · CVE-2026-32280 · CVE-2026-32281 · CVE-2026-40895 · CVE-2026-42033 · CVE-2026-42035 · CVE-2026-42039 · CVE-2026-42041 · CVE-2026-42043 · CVE-2026-42044 · CVE-2026-42264 · CVE-2026-44486 · CVE-2026-44487 · CVE-2026-44488 · CVE-2026-44492 · CVE-2026-44494 · CVE-2026-44495 · CVE-2026-44496

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CVE-2025-61726 · CVE-2025-62718 · CVE-2026-2377 · CVE-2026-4427 · CVE-2026-25679 · CVE-2026-27459 · CVE-2026-29074 · CVE-2026-32280 · CVE-2026-32281 · CVE-2026-32282 · CVE-2026-32286 · CVE-2026-32589 · CVE-2026-32590 · CVE-2026-33186 · CVE-2026-33894 · CVE-2026-34986 · CVE-2026-39892 · CVE-2026-40192 · CVE-2026-40895 · CVE-2026-42033 · CVE-2026-42035 · CVE-2026-42039 · CVE-2026-42041 · CVE-2026-42043 · CVE-2026-42044

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CVE-2026-32280 · CVE-2026-40895 · CVE-2026-42033 · CVE-2026-42035 · CVE-2026-42039 · CVE-2026-42041 · CVE-2026-42043 · CVE-2026-42044

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RHSA-2026:16542: Red Hat Security Advisory: Kiali 2.22.3 for Red Hat OpenShift Service Mesh 3.3

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CVE-2019-11272 · CVE-2021-3803 · CVE-2022-1471 · CVE-2022-22965 · CVE-2022-22978 · CVE-2022-31692 · CVE-2024-22257 · CVE-2025-22228 · CVE-2026-22732 · CVE-2026-24734 · CVE-2026-26996 · CVE-2026-27903 · CVE-2026-27904 · CVE-2026-29129 · CVE-2026-33870 · CVE-2026-33871 · CVE-2026-34077 · CVE-2026-34486 · CVE-2026-34487 · CVE-2026-40175 · CVE-2026-41044 · CVE-2026-41284 · CVE-2026-41293 · CVE-2026-42033 · CVE-2026-42035 · CVE-2026-42038 · CVE-2026-42043 · CVE-2026-42198 · CVE-2026-42211 · CVE-2026-42264 · CVE-2026-42342 · CVE-2026-42498 · CVE-2026-42579 · CVE-2026-42581 · CVE-2026-42583 · CVE-2026-42584 · CVE-2026-42585 · CVE-2026-42587 · CVE-2026-43512 · CVE-2026-43513 · CVE-2026-43515 · CVE-2026-44486 · CVE-2026-44487 · CVE-2026-44488 · CVE-2026-44492 · CVE-2026-44495 · CVE-2026-44496 · CVE-2026-45149 · CVE-2026-45736

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CVE-2025-13465 · CVE-2025-61726 · CVE-2025-61729 · CVE-2026-1002 · CVE-2026-1605 · CVE-2026-2332 · CVE-2026-5795 · CVE-2026-6321 · CVE-2026-22731 · CVE-2026-24400 · CVE-2026-32280 · CVE-2026-32281 · CVE-2026-32282 · CVE-2026-33810 · CVE-2026-34478 · CVE-2026-34480 · CVE-2026-39852 · CVE-2026-40972 · CVE-2026-40973 · CVE-2026-40975 · CVE-2026-42033 · CVE-2026-42035 · CVE-2026-42039 · CVE-2026-42041 · CVE-2026-42043 · CVE-2026-42044

RHSA-2026:16534: Red Hat Security Advisory: Kiali 2.4.16 for Red Hat OpenShift Service Mesh 3.0

CVE-2026-32280 · CVE-2026-40895 · CVE-2026-42033 · CVE-2026-42035 · CVE-2026-42039 · CVE-2026-42041 · CVE-2026-42043 · CVE-2026-42044

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CVE-2025-62718 · CVE-2026-40175 · CVE-2026-40895 · CVE-2026-42033 · CVE-2026-42035 · CVE-2026-42039 · CVE-2026-42041 · CVE-2026-42043 · CVE-2026-42044

RHSA-2026:24853: Red Hat Security Advisory: Red Hat Quay 3.15.5

CVE-2025-62718 · CVE-2026-2377 · CVE-2026-4427 · CVE-2026-25679 · CVE-2026-27459 · CVE-2026-27962 · CVE-2026-32280 · CVE-2026-32282 · CVE-2026-32286 · CVE-2026-32589 · CVE-2026-32590 · CVE-2026-33186 · CVE-2026-33894 · CVE-2026-34986 · CVE-2026-39892 · CVE-2026-40192 · CVE-2026-40895 · CVE-2026-42033 · CVE-2026-42035 · CVE-2026-42039 · CVE-2026-42041 · CVE-2026-42043 · CVE-2026-42044

RHSA-2026:26214: Red Hat Security Advisory: General availability of the satellite/iop-advisor-frontend-rhel9 container image

CVE-2025-69873 · CVE-2026-6321 · CVE-2026-26996 · CVE-2026-27904 · CVE-2026-41680 · CVE-2026-42033 · CVE-2026-42035 · CVE-2026-42039 · CVE-2026-42041 · CVE-2026-42043 · CVE-2026-42044

RHSA-2026:22629: Red Hat Security Advisory: Red Hat Quay 3.12.18

CVE-2025-62718 · CVE-2026-2377 · CVE-2026-32281 · CVE-2026-32282 · CVE-2026-32589 · CVE-2026-32590 · CVE-2026-33894 · CVE-2026-34986 · CVE-2026-39892 · CVE-2026-40192 · CVE-2026-40895 · CVE-2026-42033 · CVE-2026-42035 · CVE-2026-42039 · CVE-2026-42041 · CVE-2026-42043 · CVE-2026-42044

RHSA-2026:21338: Red Hat Security Advisory: Red Hat Developer Hub 1.8.7 release.

CVE-2026-6321 · CVE-2026-32280 · CVE-2026-32281 · CVE-2026-32282 · CVE-2026-40895 · CVE-2026-41240 · CVE-2026-41242 · CVE-2026-41674 · CVE-2026-42033 · CVE-2026-42035 · CVE-2026-42039 · CVE-2026-42041 · CVE-2026-42043 · CVE-2026-42044

RHSA-2026:14937: Red Hat Security Advisory: A Subscription Management tool for finding and reporting Red Hat product usage

CVE-2025-62718 · CVE-2026-4424 · CVE-2026-4878 · CVE-2026-5121 · CVE-2026-27135 · CVE-2026-28390 · CVE-2026-35385 · CVE-2026-35386 · CVE-2026-35387 · CVE-2026-35388 · CVE-2026-35414 · CVE-2026-40175 · CVE-2026-40895 · CVE-2026-42033 · CVE-2026-42035 · CVE-2026-42039 · CVE-2026-42041 · CVE-2026-42043

RHSA-2026:33574: Red Hat Security Advisory: Red Hat Developer Hub 1.9.6 release.

CVE-2026-9277 · CVE-2026-9673 · CVE-2026-27145 · CVE-2026-33811 · CVE-2026-39820 · CVE-2026-42033 · CVE-2026-42035 · CVE-2026-42039 · CVE-2026-42041 · CVE-2026-42043 · CVE-2026-42044 · CVE-2026-42338 · CVE-2026-42499 · CVE-2026-44486 · CVE-2026-44487 · CVE-2026-44488 · CVE-2026-44492 · CVE-2026-44494 · CVE-2026-44495 · CVE-2026-44496 · CVE-2026-44724 · CVE-2026-45736 · CVE-2026-47131 · CVE-2026-47135 · CVE-2026-47137 · CVE-2026-47139 · CVE-2026-47140 · CVE-2026-47141 · CVE-2026-47208 · CVE-2026-47209 · CVE-2026-48779

RHSA-2026:17468: Red Hat Security Advisory: OpenShift Container Platform 4.20.23 bug fix and security update

CVE-2025-61726 · CVE-2026-4800 · CVE-2026-22029 · CVE-2026-33186 · CVE-2026-34043 · CVE-2026-34986 · CVE-2026-35469 · CVE-2026-40175 · CVE-2026-42033 · CVE-2026-42035 · CVE-2026-42039 · CVE-2026-42041 · CVE-2026-42043

RHSA-2026:25273: Red Hat Security Advisory: Red Hat Advanced Cluster Management for Kubernetes v2.16.2 security update

CVE-2025-48431 · CVE-2026-6322 · CVE-2026-33815 · CVE-2026-33816 · CVE-2026-40895 · CVE-2026-41602 · CVE-2026-42033 · CVE-2026-42035 · CVE-2026-42039 · CVE-2026-42041 · CVE-2026-42043 · CVE-2026-42044 · CVE-2026-43869

RHSA-2026:20938: Red Hat Security Advisory: RHACS 4.9.7 security and bug fix update

CVE-2025-62718 · CVE-2026-32281 · CVE-2026-40175 · CVE-2026-40895 · CVE-2026-42033 · CVE-2026-42035 · CVE-2026-42039 · CVE-2026-42041 · CVE-2026-42043 · CVE-2026-42044 · CVE-2026-42264 · CVE-2026-44486 · CVE-2026-44487 · CVE-2026-44488 · CVE-2026-44492 · CVE-2026-44494 · CVE-2026-44495 · CVE-2026-44496

RHSA-2026:86618: Red Hat Security Advisory: New container image: rhceph-9.2

CVE-2023-46159 · CVE-2024-47866 · CVE-2024-48916 · CVE-2024-55565 · CVE-2025-12816 · CVE-2025-15599 · CVE-2025-26791 · CVE-2025-30156 · CVE-2025-50181 · CVE-2025-50182 · CVE-2025-58754 · CVE-2025-59343 · CVE-2025-62718 · CVE-2025-66030 · CVE-2025-66035 · CVE-2025-66412 · CVE-2025-69873 · CVE-2026-0540 · CVE-2026-21441 · CVE-2026-22610 · CVE-2026-25639 · CVE-2026-26996 · CVE-2026-27903 · CVE-2026-27904 · CVE-2026-27970 · CVE-2026-32141 · CVE-2026-33228 · CVE-2026-33671 · CVE-2026-33672 · CVE-2026-33891 · CVE-2026-33894 · CVE-2026-33895 · CVE-2026-33896 · CVE-2026-39865 · CVE-2026-40175 · CVE-2026-40895 · CVE-2026-41238 · CVE-2026-41239 · CVE-2026-41240 · CVE-2026-41305 · CVE-2026-42033 · CVE-2026-42034 · CVE-2026-42035 · CVE-2026-42036 · CVE-2026-42037 · CVE-2026-42038 · CVE-2026-42039 · CVE-2026-42040 · CVE-2026-42041 · CVE-2026-42042 · CVE-2026-42043 · CVE-2026-42044 · CVE-2026-50152 · CVE-2026-58224

RHSA-2026:19375: Red Hat Security Advisory: Red Hat Quay 3.16.4

CVE-2025-61726 · CVE-2025-62718 · CVE-2026-2377 · CVE-2026-4427 · CVE-2026-4598 · CVE-2026-4599 · CVE-2026-4600 · CVE-2026-4601 · CVE-2026-4602 · CVE-2026-25679 · CVE-2026-27137 · CVE-2026-27459 · CVE-2026-27962 · CVE-2026-28802 · CVE-2026-29063 · CVE-2026-29074 · CVE-2026-30922 · CVE-2026-32280 · CVE-2026-32282 · CVE-2026-32286 · CVE-2026-32589 · CVE-2026-32590 · CVE-2026-32597 · CVE-2026-33186 · CVE-2026-33894 · CVE-2026-34986 · CVE-2026-39892 · CVE-2026-40192 · CVE-2026-40895 · CVE-2026-42033 · CVE-2026-42035 · CVE-2026-42039 · CVE-2026-42041 · CVE-2026-42043 · CVE-2026-42044

RHSA-2026:17474: Red Hat Security Advisory: OpenShift Container Platform 4.21.16 bug fix and security update

CVE-2026-22029 · CVE-2026-33186 · CVE-2026-34043 · CVE-2026-34986 · CVE-2026-40175 · CVE-2026-42033 · CVE-2026-42035 · CVE-2026-42039 · CVE-2026-42041 · CVE-2026-42043

RHSA-2026:24539: Red Hat Security Advisory: Red Hat Advanced Cluster Management for Kubernetes v2.15.3 security update

CVE-2025-48431 · CVE-2026-33815 · CVE-2026-33816 · CVE-2026-40293 · CVE-2026-40890 · CVE-2026-40895 · CVE-2026-41602 · CVE-2026-41603 · CVE-2026-41604 · CVE-2026-41605 · CVE-2026-41606 · CVE-2026-41607 · CVE-2026-41636 · CVE-2026-42033 · CVE-2026-42035 · CVE-2026-42039 · CVE-2026-42041 · CVE-2026-42043 · CVE-2026-42044 · CVE-2026-43869

RHSA-2026:24471: Red Hat Security Advisory: RHTAS 1.3.5 - Red Hat Trusted Artifact Signer Release

CVE-2025-62718 · CVE-2026-34986 · CVE-2026-42035 · CVE-2026-42044

RHSA-2026:23361: Red Hat Security Advisory: Red Hat Quay 3.9.22

CVE-2025-61726 · CVE-2025-61728 · CVE-2025-62718 · CVE-2026-2377 · CVE-2026-4427 · CVE-2026-4598 · CVE-2026-32280 · CVE-2026-32281 · CVE-2026-32282 · CVE-2026-32589 · CVE-2026-32590 · CVE-2026-33894 · CVE-2026-34986 · CVE-2026-39892 · CVE-2026-40192 · CVE-2026-40895 · CVE-2026-42033 · CVE-2026-42035 · CVE-2026-42039 · CVE-2026-42041 · CVE-2026-42043 · CVE-2026-42044

WID-SEC-W-2026-2923: Atlassian Produkte (Bamboo, Bitbucket, Confluence, Crucible, Fisheye, und Jira): Mehrere Schwachstellen

CVE-2019-13990 · CVE-2021-44906 · CVE-2022-1471 · CVE-2022-23521 · CVE-2022-3517 · CVE-2022-41903 · CVE-2023-22518 · CVE-2023-22522 · CVE-2023-22523 · CVE-2023-22524 · CVE-2023-22527 · CVE-2023-45133 · CVE-2023-46604 · CVE-2025-14813 · CVE-2026-0603 · CVE-2026-10050 · CVE-2026-12143 · CVE-2026-12151 · CVE-2026-12802 · CVE-2026-12803 · CVE-2026-12816 · CVE-2026-13149 · CVE-2026-13506 · CVE-2026-13676 · CVE-2026-14257 · CVE-2026-14682 · CVE-2026-16221 · CVE-2026-18446 · CVE-2026-21582 · CVE-2026-2332 · CVE-2026-24734 · CVE-2026-25639 · CVE-2026-27601 · CVE-2026-27606 · CVE-2026-29786 · CVE-2026-3505 · CVE-2026-40983 · CVE-2026-40984 · CVE-2026-41284 · CVE-2026-41842 · CVE-2026-41845 · CVE-2026-41850 · CVE-2026-41851 · CVE-2026-41907 · CVE-2026-42033 · CVE-2026-42035 · CVE-2026-42041 · CVE-2026-42198 · CVE-2026-42583 · CVE-2026-42587 · CVE-2026-43513 · CVE-2026-44249 · CVE-2026-44486 · CVE-2026-44487 · CVE-2026-44488 · CVE-2026-44490 · CVE-2026-44492 · CVE-2026-44494 · CVE-2026-44495 · CVE-2026-44496 · CVE-2026-45416 · CVE-2026-45623 · CVE-2026-46625 · CVE-2026-47838 · CVE-2026-4800 · CVE-2026-48043 · CVE-2026-48779 · CVE-2026-48801 · CVE-2026-50010 · CVE-2026-53434 · CVE-2026-54291 · CVE-2026-54512 · CVE-2026-54513 · CVE-2026-55685 · CVE-2026-55831 · CVE-2026-55833 · CVE-2026-56745 · CVE-2026-56819 · CVE-2026-58059 · CVE-2026-58060 · CVE-2026-59639 · CVE-2026-59642 · CVE-2026-59869 · CVE-2026-59871 · CVE-2026-59873 · CVE-2026-59874 · CVE-2026-59887 · CVE-2026-59901 · CVE-2026-6321 · CVE-2026-6322 · CVE-2026-67320 · CVE-2026-69152 · CVE-2026-69192

RHSA-2026:26010: Red Hat Security Advisory: Cluster Observability Operator 1.5.0

CVE-2025-62718 · CVE-2026-32282 · CVE-2026-40895 · CVE-2026-42035

RHSA-2026:24536: Red Hat Security Advisory: multicluster engine for Kubernetes v2.10.3 security update

CVE-2026-33186 · CVE-2026-40895 · CVE-2026-42033 · CVE-2026-42035 · CVE-2026-42039 · CVE-2026-42041 · CVE-2026-42043 · CVE-2026-42044

RHSA-2026:16532: Red Hat Security Advisory: Kiali 2.11.10 for Red Hat OpenShift Service Mesh 3.1

CVE-2026-32280 · CVE-2026-40895 · CVE-2026-42033 · CVE-2026-42035 · CVE-2026-42039 · CVE-2026-42041 · CVE-2026-42043 · CVE-2026-42044

RHSA-2026:17699: Red Hat Security Advisory: multicluster engine for Kubernetes v2.8.6 security update

CVE-2025-62718 · CVE-2026-40175 · CVE-2026-40895 · CVE-2026-42033 · CVE-2026-42035 · CVE-2026-42039 · CVE-2026-42041 · CVE-2026-42043 · CVE-2026-42044

RHSA-2026:26232: Red Hat Security Advisory: General availability of the satellite/iop-host-inventory-frontend-rhel9 container image

CVE-2026-29063 · CVE-2026-42033 · CVE-2026-42035 · CVE-2026-42041 · CVE-2026-42043 · CVE-2026-42044

WID-SEC-W-2026-1513: Kiali für Red Hat OpenShift Service Mesh (Axios, Go, Follow-redirects): Mehrere Schwachstellen

CVE-2026-42033 · CVE-2026-42035 · CVE-2026-42039 · CVE-2026-42041 · CVE-2026-42043 · CVE-2026-42044 · CVE-2026-32280 · CVE-2026-40895

Source published
Apr 24, 2026, 5:38:07 PM (timezone not stated)
Source modified
Apr 25, 2026, 3:55:59 AM (timezone not stated)
Saved here
14 Nov 2026 00:10:35 UTC
Source terms
ENISA EUVD · source terms and attribution apply

Original source record · Cite this exact observation · Complete original publisher JSON

Source: euvd · ENISA EUVD · source terms and attribution apply. The publisher's wording is preserved. ChangeIntel groups the information and labels changes. The JSON record includes additional source fields.

EUVD CVSS 3.1 · 7.4 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N

nvd · CVE-2026-42035

Published

Axios is a promise based HTTP client for the browser and Node.js. Prior to 1.15.1 and 0.31.1, a prototype pollution gadget exists in the Axios HTTP adapter (lib/adapters/http.js) that allows an attacker to inject arbitrary HTTP headers into outgoing requests. The vulnerability exploits duck-type checking of the data payload, where if Object.prototype is polluted with getHeaders, append, pipe, on, once, and Symbol.toStringTag, Axios misidentifies any plain object payload as a FormData instance and calls the attacker-controlled getHeaders() function, merging the returned headers into the outgoing request. The vulnerable code resides exclusively in lib/adapters/http.js. The prototype pollution source does not need to originate from Axios itself — any prototype pollution primitive in any dependency in the application's dependency tree is sufficient to trigger this gadget. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.15.1 and 0.31.1.

Additional publisher context

NVD analysis and CPE criteria are source context, not proof that a package or your environment is affected. Complete affected data, logical configurations and SSVC are retained in the original JSON.

Source analysis status: Analyzed

Weakness classifications: CWE-113 · CWE-1321

Original publisher date fields

published: 2026-04-24T18:16:30.273

lastModified: 2026-11-11T23:10:00.263

1 source CPE criteria · context only
  • cpe:2.3:a:axios:axios:*:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*

The original JSON retains the logical configuration operators, exclusions and version bounds.

Source published
24 Apr 2026 18:16:30 UTC
Source modified
11 Nov 2026 23:10:00 UTC
Saved here
12 Nov 2026 16:19:25 UTC
Source terms
NIST NVD usage terms; underlying source attribution retained

Original source record · Cite this exact observation · Complete original publisher JSON

Source: nvd · NIST NVD usage terms; underlying source attribution retained. The publisher's wording is preserved. ChangeIntel groups the information and labels changes. The JSON record includes additional source fields.

CVSS 3.1 · [email protected] · Secondary · 7.4 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N

osv · GHSA-6chq-wfr3-2hj9

Published

### Summary A prototype pollution gadget exists in the Axios HTTP adapter (lib/adapters/http.js) that allows an attacker to inject arbitrary HTTP headers into outgoing requests. The vulnerability exploits duck-type checking of the data payload, where if Object.prototype is polluted with getHeaders, append, pipe, on, once, and Symbol.toStringTag, Axios misidentifies any plain object payload as a FormData instance and calls the attacker-controlled getHeaders() function, merging the returned headers into the outgoing request. The vulnerable code resides exclusively in lib/adapters/http.js. The prototype pollution source does not need to originate from Axios itself — any prototype pollution primitive in any dependency in the application's dependency tree is sufficient to trigger this gadget. Prerequisites: A prototype pollution primitive must exist somewhere in the application's dependency chain (e.g., via lodash.merge, qs, JSON5, or any deep-merge utility processing attacker-controlled input). The pollution source is not required to be in Axios. The application must use Axios to make HTTP requests with a data payload (POST, PUT, PATCH). ### Details The vulnerability is in `lib/adapters/http.js`, in the data serialization pipeline: ```javascript // lib/adapters/http.js } else if (utils.isFormData(data) && utils.isFunction(data.getHeaders)) { headers.set(data.getHeaders()); // ... } ``` Axios uses two sequential duck-type checks, both of which can be satisfied via prototype pollution: **1. `utils.isFormData(data)` — `lib/utils.js`** ```javascript const isFormData = (thing) => { let kind; return thing && ( (typeof FormData === 'function' && thing instanceof FormData) || ( isFunction(thing.append) && ( (kind = kindOf(thing)) === 'formdata' || (kind === 'object' && isFunction(thing.toString) && thing.toString() === '[object FormData]') ) ) ) } ``` **2. `utils.isFunction(data.getHeaders)` — Duck-type for `form-data` npm package** ```javascript // Returns true if Object.prototype.getHeaders is a function utils.isFunction(data.getHeaders) ``` ### PoC ```javascript // Simulate Prototype Pollution Object.prototype[Symbol.toStringTag] = 'FormData'; Object.prototype.append = () => {}; Object.prototype.getHeaders = () => { const headers = Object.create(null); (.... Introduce here all the headers you want ....) return headers; }; Object.prototype.pipe = function(d) { if(d&&d.end)d.end(); return d; }; Object.prototype.on = function() { return this; }; Object.prototype.once = function() { return this; }; // Legitimate application code const response = await axios.post('https://internal-api.company.com/admin/delete', { userId: 42 }, { headers: { 'Authorization': 'Bearer VALID_USER_TOKEN' } } ); ``` ### Impact - Authentication Bypass (CVSS: C:H) - Session Fixation (CVSS: I:H) - Privilege Escalation (CVSS: C:H, I:H) - IP Spoofing / WAF Bypass (CVSS: I:H) **Note on Scope**: There is an argument to promote this from **S:U to S:C** (Scope: Changed), which would raise the score to **10.0**. In some architectures, Axios is commonly used for service to service communication where downstream services trust identity headers (`Authorization`, `X-Role`, `X-User-ID`, `X-Tenant-ID`) forwarded from upstream API gateways. In this scenario, the vulnerable component (Axios in Service A) and the impacted component (Service B, which acts on the injected identity) are under different security authorities. The injected headers cross a trust boundary, meaning the impact extends beyond the security scope of the vulnerable component, the CVSS v3.1 definition of a Scope Change. We conservatively score S:U here, but maintainers should evaluate which one applies better here. ### Recommended Fix Add an explicit own-property check in `lib/adapters/http.js`: ```diff - } else if (utils.isFormData(data) && utils.isFunction(data.getHeaders)) { - headers.set(data.getHeaders()); + } else if (utils.isFormData(data) && utils.isFunction(data.getHeaders) && + Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(data, 'getHeaders')) { + headers.set(data.getHeaders()); ```

Source published
5 May 2026 00:25:47 UTC
Source modified
10 Sep 2026 03:51:04 UTC
Saved here
24 Oct 2026 13:17:17 UTC
Source terms
GitHub Advisory Database · CC-BY-4.0

Original source record · Cite this exact observation · Complete original publisher JSON

Source: osv · GitHub Advisory Database · CC-BY-4.0. The publisher's wording is preserved. ChangeIntel groups the information and labels changes. The JSON record includes additional source fields.

CVSS_V3 · CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N

Publisher rating · HIGH

ChangeIntel

An IT change radar: releases, security, known issues, retirements, documentation changes, and service status from public sources. Every item links to supporting evidence; dates and statuses can change after they are read.

Sources read 15 Nov 11:08 UTC · 256 of 275 readable · 252 fully read · documentation 469/469 current