GHSA-fv7c-fp4j-7gwpPublished

Improper Control of Generation of Code when compiling specifically crafted malicious code with @babel/plugin-transform-modules-systemjs

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cve-program · CVE-2026-44728

Published

Babel is a compiler for writing next generation JavaScript. From 7.12.0 to before 7.29.4 and 8.0.0-alpha.13, using Babel to compile code that was specifically crafted by an attacker can cause Babel to generate output code that executes arbitrary code. This vulnerability is fixed in 7.29.4 and 8.0.0-alpha.13.

Source published: 26 May 2026 17:48:57 UTC
Source modified: 28 May 2026 03:55:38 UTC
Saved here: 23 Oct 2026 15:48:27 UTC
Source terms: CVE Program Terms of Use

Original source record · Cite this exact observation · Complete original publisher JSON

Source: cve-program · CVE Program Terms of Use. The publisher's wording is preserved. ChangeIntel groups the information and labels changes. The JSON record includes additional source fields.

CVSS 3.1 · 8.2 CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

euvd · EUVD-2026-31946

Published

Additional publisher context

EUVD source date text has no stated timezone and is retained without inventing a UTC instant. Related bulletin membership is not an alias, common cause or applicability claim. A missing vector with a zero score is treated as unrated. Complete vendor/product and underlying source evidence remains in the original JSON.

Original publisher date fields

datePublished: May 26, 2026, 5:48:57 PM

dateUpdated: May 28, 2026, 3:55:38 AM

1 related source bulletins · separate from aliases

WID-SEC-W-2026-3046: IBM Concert: Mehrere Schwachstellen

CVE-2019-19921 · CVE-2021-23337 · CVE-2024-3651 · CVE-2024-39338 · CVE-2024-45590 · CVE-2025-13465 · CVE-2025-15284 · CVE-2025-15599 · CVE-2025-22874 · CVE-2025-47273 · CVE-2025-47907 · CVE-2025-52881 · CVE-2025-53643 · CVE-2025-55184 · CVE-2025-58056 · CVE-2025-58188 · CVE-2025-58189 · CVE-2025-61723 · CVE-2025-61730 · CVE-2025-64649 · CVE-2025-64756 · CVE-2025-67221 · CVE-2025-68121 · CVE-2025-68146 · CVE-2026-0540 · CVE-2026-2327 · CVE-2026-23490 · CVE-2026-23897 · CVE-2026-2391 · CVE-2026-23949 · CVE-2026-24486 · CVE-2026-25528 · CVE-2026-25547 · CVE-2026-25639 · CVE-2026-25990 · CVE-2026-26007 · CVE-2026-26019 · CVE-2026-26996 · CVE-2026-27142 · CVE-2026-27212 · CVE-2026-27699 · CVE-2026-27903 · CVE-2026-27904 · CVE-2026-28684 · CVE-2026-29063 · CVE-2026-29181 · CVE-2026-2950 · CVE-2026-31808 · CVE-2026-31900 · CVE-2026-32274 · CVE-2026-32288 · CVE-2026-32597 · CVE-2026-32630 · CVE-2026-32887 · CVE-2026-32952 · CVE-2026-33186 · CVE-2026-33532 · CVE-2026-33750 · CVE-2026-33814 · CVE-2026-33816 · CVE-2026-33916 · CVE-2026-34043 · CVE-2026-34073 · CVE-2026-34077 · CVE-2026-3520 · CVE-2026-35469 · CVE-2026-35515 · CVE-2026-3627 · CVE-2026-39823 · CVE-2026-39825 · CVE-2026-39826 · CVE-2026-39892 · CVE-2026-39984 · CVE-2026-40175 · CVE-2026-40179 · CVE-2026-40181 · CVE-2026-40190 · CVE-2026-40347 · CVE-2026-41066 · CVE-2026-41182 · CVE-2026-41238 · CVE-2026-41239 · CVE-2026-41240 · CVE-2026-41305 · CVE-2026-41324 · CVE-2026-41425 · CVE-2026-41481 · CVE-2026-41488 · CVE-2026-41602 · CVE-2026-41636 · CVE-2026-42151 · CVE-2026-42154 · CVE-2026-42198 · CVE-2026-42211 · CVE-2026-42338 · CVE-2026-42342 · CVE-2026-42561 · CVE-2026-42577 · CVE-2026-43870 · CVE-2026-44405 · CVE-2026-44431 · CVE-2026-44432 · CVE-2026-44486 · CVE-2026-44487 · CVE-2026-44488 · CVE-2026-44492 · CVE-2026-44494 · CVE-2026-44496 · CVE-2026-44728 · CVE-2026-4539 · CVE-2026-45409 · CVE-2026-45736 · CVE-2026-46625 · CVE-2026-4800 · CVE-2026-4923 · CVE-2026-4926 · CVE-2026-7246 · CVE-2026-8723

Source published: May 26, 2026, 5:48:57 PM (timezone not stated)
Source modified: May 28, 2026, 3:55:38 AM (timezone not stated)
Saved here: 13 Nov 2026 13:02:14 UTC
Source terms: ENISA EUVD · source terms and attribution apply

Original source record · Cite this exact observation · Complete original publisher JSON

Source: euvd · ENISA EUVD · source terms and attribution apply. The publisher's wording is preserved. ChangeIntel groups the information and labels changes. The JSON record includes additional source fields.

EUVD CVSS 3.1 · 8.2 CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

nvd · CVE-2026-44728

Published

Additional publisher context

NVD analysis and CPE criteria are source context, not proof that a package or your environment is affected. Complete affected data, logical configurations and SSVC are retained in the original JSON.

Source analysis status: Analyzed

Weakness classifications: CWE-94 · CWE-843

Original publisher date fields

published: 2026-05-26T18:16:50.880

lastModified: 2026-07-24T11:10:00.170

14 source CPE criteria · context only

cpe:2.3:a:babel:babel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:babel:babel:8.0.0:alpha0:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:babel:babel:8.0.0:alpha1:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:babel:babel:8.0.0:alpha10:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:babel:babel:8.0.0:alpha11:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:babel:babel:8.0.0:alpha12:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:babel:babel:8.0.0:alpha2:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:babel:babel:8.0.0:alpha3:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:babel:babel:8.0.0:alpha4:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:babel:babel:8.0.0:alpha5:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:babel:babel:8.0.0:alpha6:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:babel:babel:8.0.0:alpha7:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:babel:babel:8.0.0:alpha8:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:babel:babel:8.0.0:alpha9:*:*:*:*:*:*

The original JSON retains the logical configuration operators, exclusions and version bounds.

Source published: 26 May 2026 18:16:50 UTC
Source modified: 24 Jul 2026 11:10:00 UTC
Saved here: 25 Oct 2026 10:17:27 UTC
Source terms: NIST NVD usage terms; underlying source attribution retained

Original source record · Cite this exact observation · Complete original publisher JSON

Source: nvd · NIST NVD usage terms; underlying source attribution retained. The publisher's wording is preserved. ChangeIntel groups the information and labels changes. The JSON record includes additional source fields.

CVSS 3.1 · [email protected] · Secondary · 8.2 CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS 3.1 · [email protected] · Primary · 7.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

osv · GHSA-fv7c-fp4j-7gwp

Published

### Impact Using Babel to compile code that was specifically crafted by an attacker can cause Babel to generate output code that executes arbitrary code. Known affected plugins are: - `@babel/plugin-transform-modules-systemjs` - `@babel/preset-env` when using the [`modules: "systemjs"` option](https://babel.dev/docs/babel-preset-env#modules), as it delegates to `@babel/plugin-transform-modules-systemjs` No other plugins under the `@babel` namespace are impacted. **Users that only compile trusted code are not impacted.** ### Patches The vulnerability has been fixed in `@babel/[email protected]`. Babel also released `@babel/[email protected]`, updating its `@babel/plugin-transform-modules-systemjs` dependency, to simplify forcing the update if you are using `@babel/preset-env` directly. ### Workarounds - Pin `@babel/parser` to v7.11.5. The downgrade will completely disable string module name parsing, but it would also disable other new language features and the build pipeline may fail as a result. Only do so if you are working on a legacy codebase and can not upgrade `@babel/plugin-transform-modules-systemjs` to v7.29.4. - Do not use the `modules: "systemjs"` option, migrate the codebase to native ES Modules or any other module formats. ### Credits Babel thanks Daniel Cervera for reporting the vulnerability.

Source published: 8 May 2026 20:34:07 UTC
Source modified: 10 Sep 2026 03:51:05 UTC
Saved here: 24 Oct 2026 13:17:17 UTC
Source terms: GitHub Advisory Database · CC-BY-4.0

Original source record · Cite this exact observation · Complete original publisher JSON

Source: osv · GitHub Advisory Database · CC-BY-4.0. The publisher's wording is preserved. ChangeIntel groups the information and labels changes. The JSON record includes additional source fields.

CVSS_V3 · CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

Publisher rating · HIGH